Alexander Alyabyev: nkenke biography, photos Alyabeva Aleksandra Aleksandrovicha

The nchoputa nke Russian romance, a magburu onwe dere Alexander Alyabyev tọrọ ntọala musical pushkinianu, Russian instrumental ulo music, bụ a eweta ọtụtụ uru rụzuru nke mba akwụkwọ nke mejupụtara. Ọ a kasị mara amara olu ọrụ, onye a ụbọchị ndị kasị hụrụ n'anya na ugboro ugboro rụrụ ọbụna n'ezinụlọ nke ọnọdụ uche uche. Dị ka ihe atụ, "The Nightingale," "Winter Road", "Anyasị Na" na ọtụtụ, ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ.

biography

Aleksandra Alyabeva site na nwata na-agba nkịtị ka ndị music. E nwere ihe àmà na ya were piano ihe site ama D. Field. Agbanyeghị, akpa ọrụ ya o jikwa ya, na ọ bụ Piano "Grand Polonaise" - Russia mbụ ezigbo egwu na-arụ ọrụ na nke a genre.

Alexander Alyabyev mụrụ na Tobolsk, na gọvanọ ezinụlọ, nke nyere ya ohere na-enweta ihe ndị magburu onwe agụmakwụkwọ. Ọ lụrụ agha na Napoleon afọ ofufo detachment ke ọwọrọetop ede uri Denis Davydov, e kpọrọ merụrụ na ọdịda Ọla maka omeka agu na obi ike. Na mgbe agha Aleksandr Alyabev, dere, ji kpamkpam music.

The nnukwu ndụ ụlọ na-nnọọ mmasị na nọgidere rụrụ dere ya usoro ihe nkiri, egwú comedies, na ọtụtụ mgbe ẹkwọ songs. Embellished biography Aleksandra Alyabeva ebube ndị mmadụ: ọ bụ enyi nnọọ nso Griboyedov, Shakhovskoi, Decembrists Bestuzhev Mukhanov. Ọ na-akọrọ na-atụle atụmatụ maka concerts Verstovsky na ụmụnna Vilegorskimi. M bi na Moscow - egwuregwu ndụ. Ọbụna "Triumph nke chere echiche kwuo" na mmeghe nke Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri e dere jikotara aka wee na Alyabiev Verstovsky na Scholz.

E nweghị ihe ịrịba ama

Gafee mba, ọ na-mara maka music ekewet Alexander Alyabyev. Photo na o nwebeghị adị, ma osise nke ya odide mara n'ụbọchị ndị nka - dere ama. Ya songs na-abụ abụ na St. Petersburg na Moscow, na kasị anya obodo. Mgbe Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri ndị ya opera "Village ọkà ihe ọmụma", "Moonlight", ndị balet "The Magic Drum".

Otú ọ dị, na 1825, o gburu ibe ya na a kaadị egwuregwu. Na mberede. Na Alyabyev jidere. Murder ụgwọ ka e gosipụtara. O sina dị, onye dere a na-efunahụ nke niile n'ohu, iwu na-ama. Na-ezo aka azụ Tobolsk. Na a nnọọ anya Siberia oyi obodo, ebe ọ ozugbo nọrọ ya obi ụtọ na nwata. Na Eserese n'okpuru na-egosi otu n'ime dere na lyricist nke kasị mma romances Alyabiev - Nikolai Ogarev.

Tobolsk na Caucasus

Alexander Alyabyev ka iwe iwe site a ikenenke ebubo na naanị music nwere ike na-edebe ya si ikpeazụ nzọụkwụ. N'ebe a, ha dị ebube eti egwú hazie, ọ na-eme dị ka a pianist, na akwado dị iche iche concerts. Na-ede music, dị iche iche si aga na otu, cloudless. E na-egosi ya kacha mma songs: "Winter Road", "Irtysh", "Abụọ okwukwa". Ma ụjọ ujo obibi: biography Alyabeva Aleksandra Aleksandrovicha dị ka a nwoke nke ụwa, na-eje ije n'ime ihe ọ bụla n'ụlọ ya, e okokụre. Dere ọrịa dị oké njọ.

Mgbe afọ asaa gasịrị, na 1832, ọ na-ekwe ka na-ahapụ Siberia na Caucasus njem n'ihi na ọgwụgwọ. E na-dere ya romances, bipụtara a collection titled "Kọkeshịan na-agụ egwú". Ogologo oge tupu isi mkpoko nke akụkọ ifo M. I. Glinki bụ Alyabev Aleksandr Aleksandrovich ede songs ọcha, Kirghiz, Bashkirs, na-ekwekọ ha Filiks iji na ọrụ ya. Atụ ọnụ na Maksimovich n'akwụkwọ bụ "Olu nke Ukrainian songs" dị otú ahụ ụtọ nke N. V. Gogolyu. Ebe a na Eserese - onye-nwe-ulo, ebe ọtụtụ ọrụ Alyabiev rụrụ maka oge mbụ, a enyi nke onye dere, ama Alexander Griboyedov.

laghachi

"Farewell" Alyabiev nnọọ nwayọọ nwayọọ: na 1835, e kwere ka na-ebi ndụ na ndị ikwu na ala ịta ahịhịa na a zuru ezu ban nke ileta isi na 1843 na-ekwe ka ha biri na Moscow, ma mgbe nile ndị uwe ojii onyunyo. Nke a pụtara: na-adịghị ahụ na-ege ntị, bụ ma a party ma na concerts ma ọ bụ ihe nkiri. Na Ya mere dechara ya ndụ na ọrụ, dị soulful songs na-egbu obodo ọdịnaya ka "arịrịọ", "Village elekọta", "ụlọ". Na nke kacha mma, m ga-asị, choro ọha nnọọ, ma fọrọ nke nta niile nke ọrụ ya malitere agụmakwụkwọ akwụkwọ oge.

Ọ dịghị otu n'ime ndị mbụ so dee nke Russian romances bụghị ya weere dị otú ahụ a elu ebe ke Russian music dị ka Alyabev Aleksandr Aleksandrovich. Brief biography na nnukwu dịgasị iche iche nke ihe ndị mere ya ike ndụ. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ na fọrọ nke nta niile musical Genres, ma ya center nke mmasị kemgbe olu lyrics. More karịa 180 songs na ballads dere Alexander Alyabyev. Dere onye biography bụ dị ka ma ọ bụrụ na nke a emeghị abuana ọrụ ike na hellish echiche mgbu. O dere, sị songs, ọ bụ ka a hit, dị ka "Nightingale" na poems Delvig ma ọ bụ "arịrịọ" on Beranger uri. Alexander Pushkin, ẹwụtde ke Eserese n'okpuru, bụ akwụkwọ nke ihe karịrị iri abụọ poems kacha mma songs Alyabiev.

kere eke

Romances Alexander Alyabyev dere na amaokwu nke kacha mma na-ede uri nke kasị amasị ya ọchịagha Davydov, Zhukovsky, Vyazemsky, Kozlov, Koltsov, Lermontov. Iri abụọ na abụọ songs e dere amaokwu Aleksandra Pushkina, na iri na ise nke ha - ọbụna na-ede uri ndụ. Ná ngwụsị nke ndụ ya karịa ihe ọ bụla ọzọ dere n'ike mmụọ nsọ poems Ogarev.

M dere Alyabyev na a otutu symphonic music na ulo na instrumental: Symphony na E obere dị mma, Ajọ Overture na F Minor, ọtụtụ egwu overtures, ọtụtụ concerts maka iche iche solo akwara na-eti egwú, na-agba egwú oke ime. Ruo ugbu a, ọtụtụ ulo ensembles Alyabiev mụọ na music ụlọ akwụkwọ na conservatories, nakwa dị ka ụda na a egwu arụmọrụ. Na Eserese n'okpuru egosi ndị kasị akpali ndị mmadụ oge Alyabiev - Decembrist Alexander Bestuzhev-Marly, edemede nke akwụkwọ nke opera music Alyabiev e setịpụrụ, na songs na poems Bestuzhev-Marly, o dekwara, sị.

Ụlọ ihe nkiri, akụkọ ifo, dị nsọ music

Hapụrụ Alyabiev Ụlọ ihe nkiri - a ngosipụta nke oké music niile mara na oge nke Genres: ọ bụ opera, na balet, na ihe karịrị iri abụọ musical comedies, nke na-abụghị nke ukwuu dị iche iche si usoro ihe nkiri, e nwere a cantata, na music maka ejije nke ejije eme ihe nkiri, na n'etiti ha - na ntochi na ọdachi, na ejije. Site na Moscow premiere nke Pushkin si "BAT SOAP!" Ka Shakespeare si "oké ifufe" na "Adịkwa nwunye ndị Windsor" bụkwa music dere site dere Alyabyev.

Mere ndokwa, orchestrated, weere na bipụtara a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mpako na songs na compilations - Russian, Ukrainian, Tatar, Central Asian, Kọkeshịan. Ihe karịrị otu narị ọrụ nke ime mmụọ ọdịnaya si ya pen, n'etiti ha - ama efe ofufe adịghị.

nketa Fate

Dị ka ọ na anaghị eme eme na ndị kasị mma nke ndị nka onye na-enweghị oge na-arụ ọrụ maka ụmụ ụmụ, ma ọ bụ ndị na-ahụ onwe obi umeala creators "netlenki" Alyabiev nketa na-n'ụzọ dị ukwuu chebere. Nke 450 ọrụ (na nke a bụ a ballpark ọgụgụ), ọtụtụ - ka nọ odide, nke na n'oge gara aga ọkara narị afọ, etikwasị nanị efu. Ọtụtụ n'ime ọrụ ya e bipụtara, ma n'ụzọ ụfọdụ na-ezighị ezi echefu. Na music bụ magburu onwe na ọ pụrụ ime onwe ha na andiwet posthumous ama, na e mere otu wɔfrɛ wɔn T, dị ka "The Nightingale" on Delvig uri.

Dị ka ọtụtụ ndị dị ka afọ iri ise mgbe ọnwụ nke onye dere na ya na-arụ ọrụ, na ya biography adịghị agbanweela bụla dị oké njọ ịkpa ókè. Ma ma bụ otú ọtụtụ akụkụ! Olee otú ọtụtụ ihe magburu onwe na ndị dị otú ahụ chọrọ nuances bụ agaghịkwa ekwe omume ka ọ lọta ájá nke ugboro! Ruo mgbe 1825 aha ebipụta Alyabiev fọrọ nke nta na-aga n'ebe ahụ, ma mgbe - na obere, n'ụzọ nkịtị otu nyochaa nke songs. Agbag o biography, jupụta na-ezighị ezi ma ọ bụ na-ezughị ezu data, otú ụmụ fọrọ nke nta efu a ezi aha na oké ọrụ nke onye dere na musical ọgụgụ.

Eyịre na ụkpụrụ

Ọbụna egwu ebubo ụgha adịghị agbaji mkpụrụ obi nke okike. Mgbe niile, otu ọchịchọ maka nnwere onwe, owu na-ama na-akpali, ọmịiko na-ata ahụhụ, agụụ maka ikpe ziri ezi, ya bụ, otu set nke ihe oyiyi e ji mara nke creativity, anyị nwere ike na-edebe ihe nke ikpeazụ n'ime ya oge.

Alexander Alyabyev andiwet ka nkà dị ka ha na-enwe obi ụtọ, m nwetara ụfọdụ nkasi obi si na a nzukọ na tupu, onye na-eyi oké nwa agbọghọ aha Rimsky-Korsakov. Mgbe ahụ otu onye nke kasị mma songs alyabevskoy Pushkiniana e dere - "m hụrụ unu n'anya." Nwanyị a, Unu Ofrosimova mgbe di ya nwụrụ, ghọrọ nwunye onye dere.

Nikolay Ogarov Bestuzhev-Marly

Alyabyev dere na-ede uri Ogarev ghọrọ nnọọ nso na forties nke ikpeazụ nke narị afọ. Alyabiev kacha mma songs - "ụlọ", "Tavern", "Village nche" - e kere poems Ogarev. Ogologo oge tupu biakwa obibia nke nchọgharị na Dargomyzhsky Mussorgsky ego romances jupụta isiokwu nke na-elekọta mmadụ inequality. The na-ede uri na onye dere nwere ọtụtụ ihe na-emekarị: njide na biri n'ala ọzọ, ọ dịkarịa ala. Ọ bụ ezie na Alyabyev diri a ezighị ezi na dị ka ma ọ bụrụ na site na mberede, na Ogarev bụ ezigbo onye innovator na konstitutsionistom, n'ihi na nke ọ na-prosecuted site iwu. Ogarev na Herzen, "mgbịrịgba", England - onye ọ bụla maara na-echeta.

Atọ ikpeazụ opera Alyabiev nwekwara uda na-ahụkarị na-enupụ isi na ọnọdụ, ọ bụ Shakespeare "oké ifufe" na "Edwin Oscar" n'ihe odide ndị nke oge ochie akụkọ na-emeghị koltskih. Ma, ọ kwesịrị a pụrụ iche okwu opera "Ammalat Bey" on nchụàjà site Alexander Bestuzhev-Marly na romance ya poems "na Caucasus enuga n'ígwé ojii." Ọ e gburu na Caucasus na 1837-m, na a na ọnwụ na-fọrọ nke nta gburu Alyabiev: ọ na-ama ama gburu atọ nke ya mmasị na-ede uri. Ma - Alexander Pushkin, Griboyedov, Bestuzhev-Marly. Decembrist mmụọ nnupụisi na-jụrụ oyi na onye dere ọrụ.

laghachi na ebe nchekwa

Malite egbu nke mbụ aghọta ọrụ nke Aleksandra Alyabeva ẹkenịmde ke ini utọ 1947. Mgbe ahụ egwu hazie na na Moscow Philharmonic, nke na-apụta ihe karịrị otu narị afọ nke zuru nchefu "ọdịiche maka Violin na eti egwú", "The Third Eriri Quartet" na abụọ orchestral overtures. The ịga nke ọma bụ ezigbo! Promotion nke ulo music dere aku dị oké egwú dị ka Gilels, Oistrakh, na iche iche - aha ya bụ Sveshnikov n'elu, State Beethoven Quartet.

Ebe ọ bụ na 1949, ndị bipụtara ọrụ mgbe e bipụtara Alyabiev, na mberede na-ekpughe ìsì tụrụ na ya biography. The nghọta nke oké ọrụ ọ na-egwuri na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Russian musical art. The kasị akpali ihe bụ na dị iche iche-edebe ihe ochie-anọgide na-na-achọpụta ya amaghị ọrụ. Dị ka njem wee na ya ogologo na ọdịdị ala nke ha ọtụtụ, nwere ike ime na ndị ọzọ nchoputa nke ndị dị otú a plan.