Asatọ (V8) engine: technical àgwà, atụmatụ

The usoro nke akpakanamde development mgbe guzoro. Always gbanwere nkọwa na elu ndị ọzọ na ọkaibe. Class V8 engines bịara n'ụwa site ọzọ ala-ike na-arụ na ebe nke nsọpụrụ na akpakanamde yinye.

N'oge, ndị a engines na-akpa nganga nke ebe ke lineup awa site Nsukka, na na-na-agaghị ahapụ nke a niche. V8 The aha na-ekwu maka onwe ya: nke a ụdị ihe ndokwa nke cylinders na ngọngọ.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke e guzobere V ekara engine

Ọdịdị nke V8-engine kpọkwasịwo ihe ha na-akara engines, nke na-adịghị oké elu Anam Udeme ike. The mbụ V8-engine e mere na wuru na 1902 site na mmebe Levassarom, onye e mere na mepụtara engines maka ụgbọ mmiri na mmiri. Ma ugbua na 1905 na ụwa hụrụ mbụ rollsroysovskie esịtidem combustion engine, nke arụnyere na ụgbọala.

Ọzọkwa, technology wee dị otú ahụ a maara nke ọma na-emepụta dị ka Oldsmobile, GM, Chevrolet na Cadillac. Nke a technology ka captivated na United States na dị nnọọ ghọrọ a dum epoch. European emepụta na-agbalịsi ike ime ka a ọzọ na-eri-irè nhọrọ, na-eme V8-engine niche.

Na USSR, ebe ọ bụ na 50s, gbanwetụrụ na mma engines na klas a na e ji na gwongworo, na mgbe e mesịrị - na ụgbọala. Ọbụna ugbu a, Russia nwere ọtụtụ ndị nnọchiteanya nke ụlọ ugbo ala nwere a V8 nhazi.

American V8

The technology nke V8 engines bụ ebe na-ewu ewu, nke e kere a ogologo oge, ebe ọ bụ na 1910 na mmalite nke nineties. Ndị a Motors aghọwo ezigbo maka echichi na masklkary na ndị nkịtị ụgbọala na-ejide ndị fancy nke nkezi n'ji.

N'ezie, ọ bụghị na-enweghị mgbanwe. GMC Company ke ufọt ufọt 70s-agba ọsọ otutu e nke super V8 engines na ọtụtụ ụdị, nke na-ochie nke American ụgbọala ụlọ ọrụ. N'otu oge ahụ, kpara Ford Shelby tọhapụrụ abụọ ebube e kere eke na - na GT350 na GT500. Ndị a ụdị a na ụbọchị na-ewere otu nke kasị mma n'ụwa, dị ka ọkwọ ụgbọala na ndị ọkachamara.

The ụwa a maara nke ọma na ígwè dị otú ahụ ụgbọala na engine V8: Chevrolet Camaro SS, Chevrolet impala 67, ndị Dodge chaja, na Dodge na ịma ya aka, na-ụgbọala Buick Riviera, Pontiac na GTO, na Barracuda Plymouth na Oldsmobile Toronado. All ndị a ụdị na-a maara nke ọma US nakwa na CIS.

V8 sitere Germany

Kasị pụta ìhè na-anọchite anya nke ígwè mmepụta engines, "BMW V8" na "Audi V8". Kwa Ihọd nụrụ kemgbe ha bụ nwata na a classic egwuregwu ụgbọala nke German, nke na-akpaliwo mmasị na masịrị ike. Ọzọ pụrụ iche na ya bụ mkpọtụ nke V8 engine, nke ọtụtụ ndị maara nke a ụbọchị.

N'oge nke òtù '90s na Russia, ọtụtụ òtù ndị òtù gara ígwè ọrụ ndị a na ụdị. Ha nwere uru karịrị ndị nke ọzọ, ekele ya ike moto, nke ize eze na-achụ. Engine "Audi V8" nwere nnukwu ezuru akụ, odika 700-800 puku. Kilomita, otú hụrụ n'anya ọtụtụ ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala, bụ ndị ka na-eji ya.

Development nke anụ ụlọ na asatọ-cylinder engine

N'ezie, Soviet Union, niile technology bịara akaha. Fọrọ nke nta niile mepụtara ụgbọala na engines na-fọrọ nke nta depụtaghachiri si mba ọzọ ogbo. N'ihi ya, ihe mbụ V8 engine GAZ e guzobere na 13 nlereanya, nke ọtụtụ ndị maara dị ka "The siigol."

Karịsịa ewu ewu a engine bụ n'ihi ụgbọala abụọ - GAZ-53 ZIL-130. Ha na-atụle ihe ndị kasị pụrụ ịdabere na mfe ịnọgide na-enwe. Mmezi nke esịtidem combustion engine dị mfe ma ghara ime ka mgbaka. N'ezie, ihe karịrị afọ, ha furu efu ha ike na-aghọ na-eme, ka bụ mba na anya.

Modern anụ ụlọ na akpaaka ụlọ ọrụ nwere ike na-anya isi nanị ole na ole Motors. ZMZ engines V8, nke na-setịpụrụ "Volga" na "nne mgbada" - ha n'etiti ha. Ha gosiri elu arụmọrụ ma e-ghọtara dị ka onye nke kasị mma engines na e arụpụtara n'ebe bụbu Soviet ohere.

Nkọwa na atụmatụ V8

V8 (moto) - esịtidem combustion engine, nke, site na nnukwu, na-kpọkọtara abụọ anọ na-ahiri, nke na-kwụsịtụrụ na otu crankshaft. Na nke a, ejikọta mkpara, nke mere ndokwa na n'ihu, na-etinye on a crank pin nke crankshaft. The V8 nhazi (moto) maka ekwesịghị inertia pistin akụkụ na elu mkpara a n'ugwu pin. Nke a na-esonyere vibration, nke a nụrụ na ụlọ.

Iji mee nke a ike, nke na-achọ abụọ akụ nke ga-bugharia na crankshaft 2 ugboro ngwa ngwa na na n'otu oge dị iche iche ntụziaka. Nke a technology na-eji na Ferrari ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ elu-ọsọ esịtidem combustion engine.

multiple akụkụ cylinder ndokwa a na-eji n'ụwa taa na-akwanyere onye ọ bụla ọzọ na 60, 90 na 180 degrees. N'ezie, ọtụtụ nkịtị bụ nke mbụ. Na a elu-ọsọ version nke ụgbọ ala na masklkarah guzo 90 ogo. Naanị emeputa "Subaru" dị iche: na egwuregwu ụgbọ ala version nke V8 engine nlereanya nwere a cylinder n'akuku nke adiana nke 180 degrees.

Ibu V8 ike dị ka ihe dị oké mkpa ọnọdụ

Ná mmalite nke Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, mgbe e a mberede mkpa ụba ike gwongworo ma na-amụba ha permeability, e kpebiri awụnyere na ha V8 engines klas. Nke a na-ekwe ka na-ebu ihe mgbọ, nakwa dị ka njem gburugburu ebe mbụ ke ezuru traction ike.

Na 60s niile American gwongworo na-onwem na ndị dị otú ahụ engines. Na Europe, karịsịa-ewu ewu na-akwụ engine "Scania" ndị V8, nke dị ka ya technical data nwere ike sere ruo 40 tọn ibu, na udo nke mmezi na pụrụ ịdabere na-akwụ ya, ịhụnanya nke ndị ọkwọ ụgbọala.

N'ezie, taa, V8 arụnyere na ugbo ala na a ibu ike ruo 10 tọn, dị ka elu-adịghị eme ka uche na-etinye na aku na uba na okwu. Ya mere, na oge a na ụzọ nwere ike izute ndị na-esonụ ndị nnọchiteanya nke na akpaaka ụlọ ọrụ na arụnyere V8-engine GAZ, MAZ, KAMAZ, nwoke, DAF, Foton, FAW, na ndị ọzọ. The kasị ewu ewu na nhazi maka a ụgbọala engine V8 4,2 lita.

Service V ekara "eights"

ọ bụla ụgbọala ga-ahụ mgbe nile serviced nkịtị na ogologo okwu ọrụ. Gịnị akụkụ nke usoro a? Lebakwuo anya:

1. Na-agbanwe agbanwe mmanụ na nyo ọcha.
2. Flushing mmanụ ọkụ usoro na mgbapụta idozi.
3. Nnọchi nke icheku ọkụ plọg na bulbs.
4. Ukpụhọde valves.
5. Nnọchi gasket valvụ cover na tree.
6. Achịkwa mgbanye.
7. Igba akụkụ ndochi ndị na-iji.

Tinning V8 engine nke ọ bụla ụgbọ ala nwere ya okwu, ma ha na-ekwesịghị yipu dị ka nnwụchu nnọchi ma ọ bụ idozi pụrụ iduga iche iche pụta, tinyere full nnọchi nke pistin ma ọ bụ moto mgbakọ.

General echiche nke mmezi nke engines na 8 cylinders

Onye ọ bụla engine nwere ya ojiji nke ego, ma mgbe ọ na ndikpa mba, ọ dị mkpa imezi ya. Mmezi nke engines ga-emepụta na pụrụ iche ụgbọ, n'ihi na ha nwere ígwè na-ga-eme ka ya. The ngwá ọrụ nwere ike dị na onye ọ bụla, ma pụrụ iche ngwá - dịghị.

E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị nke di ike V8: na-akara, atụmatụ na isi obodo. The mbụ na nke abụọ mgbe zubere, n'ihi na ọ ga-abụ doro anya na nkọwa n'ime ike unit ada, ma na nke ikpeazụ nwere ike na mberede ịgbada.

Mmezi nke cylinder isi

Otu n'ime ụdị mmezi arụmọrụ, nke a rụrụ tumadi na-eyi isi ike unit - engine ngọngọ. Tụlee ndị bụ isi na na akụkụ ahụ mapụtara atụ engine ZMZ V8:

1. N'ezie, ihe mbụ item-aghọ ndị na dismantling nke dum cylinder isi. Iji mee nke a, Ikwupu niile dị n'akụkụ ya. More ntụziaka ndị zuru ezu pụrụ ịchọta ọ bụla nlereanya emeputa iche iche.
2. Disassembly nke cylinder isi.
3. Nnyocha na-amata ọtụtụ akụkụ na e wepụrụ. ịchọpụta na kwesịrị ekwesị n'ihi na n'ihu were.
4. Ugwu ahụ, polishing, egweri na nkwadebe maka mgbakọ.
5. Direct nzukọ usoro.
6. Nwụnye na njikọ ahụ ụgbọ ala.

Ọ bụ uru na-echeta na ndị a arụmọrụ ga-rụrụ na-eje ozi ebe, n'ihi na ọtụtụ n'ime ha nwere ike ghara ime n'ụlọ. V8 engines ZMZ pụtara mfe ịrụzi tụnyere ibu, ebe e nwere ọtụtụ nuances.

List of isi mmiri na-adịghị na cylinder isi:

1. The oriri na iyuzucha valves.
2. Saddles nke valves na akàrà.
3. Camshafts, na ụfọdụ.
4. tappets.

Fọrọ nke nta mgbe agbaji valvụ iyi na cylinder isi ahu.

Ịrụzi na cylinder

Mmezi nke ike unit bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị sie ike na dum ụgbọ ala. Na ya kasị ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọnụ, na-enweghị ọrụ nke ụgbọala bụ agaghị ekwe omume. Otú ahụ, tụlee n'ozuzu usoro nke mmezi nke akụkụ:

1. Oge na-ewe ma si otú bụ nchebe dismantling nke cylinder ngọngọ. Ọ ga Ikwupu niile ọnụ jikọtara ha, nakwa dị ka na ebukọtala akụkụ nke inyeaka. Dabere na ụgbọala ụdị na V8 usoro nwere ike ịbụ 8-16 awa.
2. Disassembly nke ike unit na-rụrụ na a pụrụ iche, nke na-enye ohere wrapping ya gburugburu axis 360 degrees.
3. Diagnosis nke disassembled akụkụ. Nnyocha na nha. Ihu ọma tụọ ọkpụrụkpụ nke crankshaft magazin na size nke pistin ọwa.
4. Nhọrọ nke akụkụ ẹkenịmde ke ụlọ ahịa ma ọ bụ ọkachamara njikwa nke akụkụ ahụ mapụtara na ndabere nke bụ isi moto data na nha.
5. The ọzọ ogbo nke Ndozi na-aghọ crankshaft egweri na a pụrụ iche igwe. agaghi asu cylinder ngọngọ mụụrụ site honingovochnogo igwe.
6. Asa akụkụ mere mgbe ọ bụla azụmahịa. Tupu mgbakọ, n'akụkụ nile ga-kpochara si swarf, unyi na ndị ọzọ na mba ọzọ ahụ.
7. Nzukọ usoro nwere ike buru site 16 48 awa, dabere na moto variant.
8. Ná ngwụsị nke niile manipulations na-anwale ụzọ na a pụrụ iche, na mgbe ahụ bụ ụgbọala.

Isi n'akụkụ, nke na-eji na idozi nke cylinder:

1. Pistin ma ọ bụ gilzokomplekt. Nwere ike zụrụ ọnụ ma ọ bụ iche iche nkọwa.
2. Inserts amaala na ejikọta mkpara.
3. Gụnyere Parts pad.
4. mmanụ mgbapụta.
5. Oil Seals na / aro.
6. Pinion drive.

Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama na mmezi nke ike unit ụdị V8 - nnọọ oké ọnụ. Mgbe ụfọdụ, nke ukwuu. Ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara nwere ike ikwu na idozi engines na oge ịrụzi ụgbọ ala, n'ihi na ọ bụ ọtụtụ ihe dị ọnụ ala karịa idozi.

N'iji ya gee ntị "eights"

Site na nnukwu, pụrụ iche n'iji ya gee ntị nke ndị a engines dịghị onye chere. N'ezie, 70-80s on masklkarah gbalịrị ihe remodel ịgbakwunye ike, ma ọ bụghị ịga nke ọma. Modern injinịa mere otu idegharị - turbocharger echichi, nke kwukwara traction e ji mara.

Ka ekwupụtaara Mmepụta "Dodge Challenger": "Gịnị mere mma ihe ama zuru okè?". Ọ bụla emeputa, karịsịa ochie American "ụmụ anụmanụ" ekweghị na ọ dị mkpa iji na-akụ na-engines nke ha mmepụta, n'ihi na ihe niile bụ na o kwere omume a na-ama arụnyere na na na kwekọọ n'ihe na-kacha ike.

Dizel engines na a V8 nhazi

Dizel V8 engines dochie uneconomical mmanụ ụgbọala. Pụtara ìhè nnọchiteanya nke CIS bụ YaMZ-238. N'ime afọ o ziri pụrụ ịdabere na ya. Nịm tumadi na MAZ na ụfọdụ ugbo ígwè. Pụtara mfe ịrụzi, na akụkụ ahụ mapụtara n'ụba enye gị ohere ịhọrọ ihe kasị mma nhọrọ maka azụ.

V8 dizel engine nwere ike, n'adịghị mmanụ ụgbọala nke bụ ya mere na ọtụtụ ụgbọ ala na-emepụta Switched ya ngwa. Ọzọkwa, nnukwu uru dị ala mmanụ ụgbọala oriri na akụ itinye n'ọrụ na-amụba site 40%.

The isi tupu ke mmepe nke engines nke ụdị atụle mepụtara electronic mmanụ ụgbọala nkesa na-agbasa cylinders. Ya na nke mbụ na-eji na "Dodge Challenger". Ugbu a ọtụtụ maara nke ọma ụgbọ ala na-emepụta na-eji "asatọ" dị technology.