Basic ọmụma banyere Moscow. History of Moscow. oge a na Moscow

Moscow - bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu obodo na ụwa, a n'obodo ebe ọtụtụ ugboro na-ekpebi, na-egbu egbu maka ndị bi na nke niile dị ná mba na ọbụna kọntinent. Kwa afo ya a gara 4-5 nde ndị mba ọzọ ndị njem nleta. Na n'ihi na ọtụtụ n'ime ha okwu "Russian", "Moscow" na "Kremlin" bụ na ụfọdụ uche agakọta, na ha adịghị agbalị ime ihe karịrị omenala obodo tour ịhụ nta mara na oge a na-adọrọ mmasị nke isi obodo, nakwa dị ka na matakwuo na ya mere eme. Ma n'oge gara aga nke obodo a bụ incredibly-akpali, nakwa dị ka ihe ndị na-eme n'ebe ahụ ụbọchị ọ bụla.

Basic ọmụma banyere Moscow

Dị ka 2014-afọ, Moscow nwere a bi na nke 12.108.257 ndị mmadụ, 91% nke ndị na-Russian. Obodo dị na bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke otu osimiri, na akụkụ bụ isi nke East European Plain. N'otu oge Moscow bụ a obodo nke gọọmenti etiti uru, nke na-fọrọ nke nta niile ndị kasị mkpa akụkụ nke ala ike, na mgbakwunye na nke Ụlọikpe nke Russian Federation.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Moscow

Ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-chere na obodo ahụ tọrọ ntọala 1147th afọ, mgbe ochie chọpụtara na-egosi na ọ dịkarịa ala 1,000 afọ. Ọzọkwa e nwere ihe mere kwere na mbụ bi ndị a dị vyatichi. N'ihi ya, kpọmkwem ụbọchị nke guzobere na-amaghị Moscow. Gịnị mere ọ September 6, 2014, afọ na Russian isi obodo na-eme ememe 867th ncheta nke obodo? The eziokwu na ihe ọmụma bụ isi banyere Moscow na narị afọ ndị mbụ nke ya adị na-ẹdude ke ama Ipatiev Chronicle. Karịsịa, nke a bụ ebe i nwere ike ịgụ mbụ ndekọ nke obodo na otu aha, emi odude na saịtị nke oge a na ọkpụite n'okporo ámá. Nke a ncheta nke oge ochie akwụkwọ kwuru a nzukọ obodo nke Moscow Prince Yuri Dolgoruky Svyatoslava Olgovicha, nakwa dị ka ndị enyi ha na 1147, bụ afọ ụbọchị 'n'ikiri ụkwụ na otuto nke Chineke ", nke, dị ka na-eme nnyocha' mgbawa, nke pụtara Saturday 4 April.

Ke adianade do, site na ihe ndị mere n'ụbọchị, a maara na mgbe 9 afọ nwa Yuriya Dolgorukogo - Andrew Bogolyubskii - tọrọ ntọala na Borovitsky ugwu a obere osisi nkera, nke chọpụtara onyeisi retinue. Around a ihe e wusiri ike, malite ịzụlite Moscow. The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke obodo nwekwara ozi na na 1177, bụ afọ iri e wusiri ike ọkụ site Prince Gleb - onye na-achị Ryazan, na n'ọnọdu-ya wuru ọhụrụ.

The ụdi akụkọ ihe mere nke Moscow

Na narị afọ nke 13 na obodo ghọrọ center nke otu nọọrọ onwe ha ihe gbasara onye isi na lanarịrị Horde mbuso agha, otiti ọrịa, nakwa dị ka ndị na-aghọ aghụghọ agha na looting ndị agha Khan Tokhtamysh n'elu ọzọ 100 afọ. N'agbanyeghị ihe niile a na-emenụ, Moscow na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-aghọ otu n'ime ndị kasị mkpa akụ na ụba, ọdịbendị, okpukpe na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị emmepe nke Russia. Karịsịa a otutu maka mmepe nke obodo ahụ n'oge mere Prince Ivan Kalita na Dmitry Donskoy. Karịsịa, ọmụma bụ isi banyere Moscow n'oge show na nke mbụ nke ha wuru nke akpu, na nke abụọ - na-acha ọcha-nkume Kremlin.

The ọzọ dị mkpa n'akụkọ ntolite nke Moscow malitere mkpọsa Ivana Groznogo Tsar nke Moscow na All Russia na oruru e nke onyeisi ndị bishọp na 1589.

Moscow si 17 ka narị afọ nke 20

Inexpressibly ụba ọrụ ke obodo ndụ nke Russia ke akpa eze nke Romanov usoro ndị eze, mgbe ọ bụ isi obodo nke ala, nke nwere a buru ibu n'ókèala. Nke ahụ bụ ihe ọ bụ tupu Petrine Moscow! The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke obodo na-esonụ na narị afọ nwekwara adịghị nke na-enweghị akpali ihe. Otú ọ dị, site na 1712, afọ ghọrọ isi obodo St. Petersburg, ma niile eze, bụ ndị na rịgooro ocheeze nke Russian Alaeze Ukwu, wee na-anyanya na Moscow. Ọzọkwa, 1812 obodo ghọrọ a nnukwu-acha ọkụ ọkụ ọnyà Napoleon na gbachiteere ya mba.

Moscow na narị afọ nke 20

Mgbe mgbanwe nke 1917, obodo nwetaghachiri ya ọnọdụ dị ka isi obodo na malitere ịgbanwe tupu anyị anya. Karịsịa, na Moscow enwere ala, Moscow e wuru, malitere ifịk mmepe nke mbụ ala ịta ahịhịa. N'otu oge ahụ, e bibiri ọtụtụ ncheta nke okpukpe ije, gụnyere Holy Obibi nke Kraist, Onye nzọpụta Cathedral, Church nke mwere, na ndị ọzọ.

Ebe ọ bụ na mmalite nke ya guzobere "Soviet" Moscow. The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke oge a, ndị obodo nwere a mwute page jikọtara ya ndị dike na-azara ọnụ n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, mgbe ọtụtụ narị puku ndụ ha n'àjà ka ọ ghara inye onye iro ịbanye mmasị isi obodo. Ụtọ karịsịa bụ ụbọchị ama Red Square Victory Day Nme, nke kara akara ọgwụgwụ nke ndị kasị dị egwu agha na akụkọ ụmụ mmadụ. Ma ihe ndị post-agha oge, 800th ncheta nke Moscow, wetere guzobe ọdịnala na-eme ememe na 1947, nke bụ ka ndụ taa, na 1950 pụtara na a na-akpọ "Asaa Nwaanyị". Otu n'ime ihe ndị dị ịrịba ama ihe mere na isi obodo nke Soviet Union, ọ ga-kwuru na ndị Olympics-80, n'ihi na nke obodo 15 ọhụrụ egwuregwu e wuru na otu nkwari akụ.

Mmalite nke post-Soviet oge na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Moscow

Dị ka a maara, ndị Soviet Union dara na 1991, na na na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị map nke ụwa pụtara Russian Federation, ma ọ bụ dị ka ọ na ndị ọzọ na-ezo aka n'ụwa, Russia. Moscow ghọrọ isi obodo nke gọọmenti etiti steeti na kasị nnukwu ókèala na ụwa, esịnede 85 achị. Na 1995, ọ e mma ọhụrụ dị otú ahụ ukara nnọchianya nke Russian isi obodo dị ka ya ọkọlọtọ, emblem na ukwe.

Tupu mgbe ahụ, mweghachi nke Kraist, Onye nzọpụta-afụ site Bolsheviks, nakwa dị ka okpukpe ndị ọzọ bụ ihu arụsị ebibi n'oge nnupụisi. N'ihi ya, oge a na Moscow malitere na-etolite, nke dabeere na omenala nke gara aga ọtụtụ narị afọ.

The kasị dị ịrịba ama ọhụrụ ụkpụrụ ụlọ ụlọ isi obodo

Ebe ọ bụ na n'oge 2000s, ọtụtụ skyscrapers gbanwere ọdịdị nke obodo e wuru na Moscow. N'etiti ndị a ihe kwụpụta ụlọ nke International Business Center "Moscow City", nke na-emi odude na ókèala nke ngụkọta nke ebe banyere 100 hectare. Ke adianade do, ya e wuru na ndị ọzọ na skyscrapers zubere maka ụlọ na itieutom. N'ihi ya, oge a na Moscow na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ gbanwee n'ime obodo, ebe elu ụlọ, ụlọ nche nke iko na ihe na-aba na a ụkọ. Otú ọ dị, ndị dị otú ahụ akụkụ na-na-mgbe ụfọdụ "na-eto" na akụkọ ihe mere eme ebe na emebi ha dị, dị ka ndị na-ekwekọghị na gburugburu obodo mepere emepe odida obodo. Ọ dabara nke ọma, na 2008, a na-ewu usoro na-akpọ "infill mmepe", iwu.

New ncheta nke isi obodo

Ke akpatre iri afọ abụọ Piggy nkiri Moscow replenished ọtụtụ ọhụrụ ncheta na turobektov. Dị ka ihe atụ, ọ bụ na-akpali ọkpụkpụ "Children - tara nke okenye ọjọọ". Ọzọkwa ọbịa nke obodo bụ kwesịrị ịhụ sculptural osise nke dike nke akụkọ site Conan Dorothy, ncheta Nikulin, Iyi "Pushkin na Natalie", Luzhkov Bridge. Na, n'ezie, ọ bụghị banyere ibu ncheta Peter Ukwu ahụ, bụ onye, n'agbanyeghị na-emegiderịta echiche banyere ya nkà uru, na-otu n'ime ndị a kasị mara oge a na-adọrọ mmasị nke isi obodo. Ke adianade do, ị ga-hoo haa na-ahụ ncheta nke dike nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ, guzobere na 2014.

N'isiokwu a, ị wee ndị bụ isi nke Moscow, akụkọ banyere ya ọ na oge a na-adọrọ mmasị. Obodo a bụ mpako nke Russia. Ọ na onye ọ bụla kwesịrị ijide n'aka na-ahụ na ihe n'anya onwe ha.