Beskydy ọwara: nkọwa, nwughari na photos

Ukraine nwere ihe nile na-enwe ihe ịga nke ọma ike. The mma obodo ọnọdụ na-eme ka ya a n'ụzọ ebe nile di iche iche nke ngwaahịa na-abịa site Asia na Russia na Europe na azụ. The na-anọpụ iche ọnọdụ nke ruo ọtụtụ afọ nyeere mba irite isi obodo naanị site nyefe nke ibu, na-enweghị na-eme mgbalị ọ bụla. The n'okporo ụzọ awara awara na njikọ mepụtara mba Europe, ahia na nke a bara uru na ekwe, gabiga Carpathian Ugwu. N'ihi na a obodo dị oké mkpa inwe ndị a ngalaba nke okporo ụzọ na ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè e kasị mma na ọnọdụ na na elu throughput. Beskydy ọwara - otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị mkpa n'ọdụ ụgbọ okporo edoghi - ochie n'ụzọ omume, nyochawa na ndị nwere ọgụgụ isi ihe a ogologo oge. Ọnọdụ malitere idozi naanị na 2013.

Isi

Beskydy ọwara-agabiga Carpathian ugwu na ejikọ Beskid Station Skotarske. Ọ na-ezo aka Lviv ụgbọ okporo ígwè, na ogologo ya bụ 1750 mita. The mbụ ọwara e wuru na a oge mgbe n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke ugbu a Ukraine bụ Austria na Hungarian Alaeze Ukwu. Ime ugbu a ọwara - otu afọ dị ka Eze Ukwu Franz Josef.

Ya ewu na 1886 bụ nke dị oké mkpa, na ugbu a nke a na mpaghara bụ putara ighe mkpa maka Ukrainian aku na uba - karịrị 60% nke ibu transiting site Ukraine na Western Europe na-aga ebe a ọwara Beskydy. Old ọwara e mebiri site ihe mgbawa na ichighaazu nke Hungarian agha n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, wughachi ya agha nke USSR ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè na-emeghe ọrụ ke 1946. Dị ka nke taa - ọ bụ naanị European ụzọ, nke nwere otu-ije. Gabiga ọwara, ụgbọ okporo ígwè akara elu. A ụzọ ọhụrụ doziri nsogbu, na a ole na ole ndị ọzọ.

ego nke

Ná mmalite, ochie ọwara ga-achọ nweta nkwalite, mụbaa ma na-etinye ọhụrụ akụrụngwa. Agụta akwụ ụgwọ n'etiti ewu na ntaghari ohuru nke ochie okporo ụzọ gosiri na ibikwasị nke alaka ọhụrụ ga-abụ ihe kwesịrị ekwesị. The oru ngo na-ekpuchi ala na ụlọ ọrụ "Ukrzaliznytsia", na mkpokọta na-eri nke ọlu nile nke ihe karịrị 2 ijeri hryvnia, nke bụ ihe kasị nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ omume maka dum oge nke Ukrainian onwe.

Ego were "European Bank maka nwughari na Development" (EBRD) na 'European Investment Bank' (EIB). Ego ekenyela ka nzube mgbazinye ego n'okpuru ala di. Control nke disbursement bụ Austrian ize ụlọ ọrụ 2Consulting: na enweghị ikike nke ikike nnọchiteanya nke ọ bụla otu penny agaghị gaa. Dị ka oru ngo, dum ibu na-eburu a ọhụrụ ọwara, na agadi ụlọ ga-eji dị ka ihe ọzọ ụzọ na ihe omume nke ihe mberede.

ziri ezi na-ewu

The ọhụrụ ọwara Beskydy tọgbọrọ iri atọ mita site ugbu a. Ọ ga-ikwu na 100 ụzọ abụọ nke ụgbọ oloko n'oge ụbọchị, ie. E. Mmụba na arụmọrụ nke 47 ụfọdụ, ije ọsọ nke ndị mejupụtara bụ hà 60 km kwa awa. sectional ebe nke abụọ na-ụzọ ọwara, dị ka draft, bụ 115 square mita. The akwụkwọ ikike mgbe, dị ka ọkachamara kwuru, ga-abụ ihe 100 afọ.

The ochie okporo ụzọ bụ na disrepair, na mmezi nke ya arụmọrụ - mkpa dị ukwuu, ma ọ bụ mfịna. Speed na-eje ije site na agadi ọwara ụgbọ okporo ígwè bụ naanị 40 kilomita kwa hour, n'ọtụtụ ebe, n'ime lining mebiri emebi, mmiri penetrated n'ime ala, nke bụ ihe mere e nwere mgbe niile leaks, na oyi ụbọchị ọ bụla dị mkpa iji wepụ nke ọwara ruo 15 tọn ice freezes na arches.

amalite ọrụ

Emepe ohere ọhụrụ na-echere posts ma na Europe na na Russia dị ka ezigbo mkpa Beskydy ọwara maka mba aku mmekọahụ. Construction malite na ibe edokọbara akụrụngwa, a obere osisi n'ihi na mmepụta nke ihe electric netwọk e rụrụ, wuru, e mere na n'ezigbo driveways. N'ihi na ndị ọrụ wuru a mbikọ maka preparatory ọrụ a ruo otu afọ.

Ọwara gwupụtatụrụla a rụrụ n'ime 2 nkebi. The akpa ogbo agụnye elaboration elu akụkụ (kallota), ebe a set oge bụ ofu si metal bindings. The nzọụkwụ nke abụọ bụ ndokwa nke ala akụkụ na ihe ọzọ sample nke ala a omimi nke 3 mita. Bụrụ na ndị agadi ọwara, otu n'ime nsogbu bụ a gable ụzọ, elu ebe dara n'etiti ọwara, na-eme na akụkụ nke abụọ nke ụzọ ụgbọ okporo ígwè gafere na elu na-agba, ọhụrụ otu ga-amalite na n'elu ebe. Mee elu mee ala Beskydy ọwara ga nwere a obosara nke 10.5 mita. Elu nke ụlọ ga-8.5 mita.

penetration technology

Gasket ụzọ rụrụ na-agbawa agbawa usoro na-emezu ihe ndị e ji mara nke Carpathians ebe Beskydy ọwara-ewu. The ngo na-arụ iji - Construction Association "Interbudmontazh". 180 ọkachamara aku ọrụ ahụ. Daily penetration okirikiri mejupụtara ndị na-esonụ:

• Drilling oghere maka explosives.
• Bookmark bọmbụ na mgbawa.
• Ventilashion.
• Choice na tụgharịa azụ nkume na ala.
• Emesi nke njiko nke ígwè owuwu.
• Ígwè agbasara ihe.

Na njikọ na ọgbụgba ọkụ nso ẹdude, ma dilapidated ochie ọwara nke oké nkume ọgbụgba ọkụ na-eme na-rụrụ n'oge "window" mgbe e nweghị akụkụ ụgbọ oloko. Mgbe ọ bụla gbawara ochie ọwara ọnọdụ a na-enyocha.

ọganihu nke ọrụ

Beskydy maka owuwu nke a ụgbọ okporo ígwè ọwara na general ọnụ nke 81.000 cubic mita nke ihe a ga-eji, ihe karịrị 7000 ise metal fastenings. Ngo webatara na-ewu nke banyere 50 niches na 12 ese foto tinyere dum owuwu. N'ihi na kwesịrị ekwesị na ime ihe, mmezi anya, na o kwere omume esi kpọpụ mmadụ nile tunnels n'etiti abụọ tọrọ technical paseji. Nyochaa ala nke ya ọwara kwadebe elekere onyunyo usoro, wụnye ventilashion usoro, ga jide otu ebe na mberede ọkụ, ga-jikọọ sensọ chọpụta gas ịta ebe.

All ngo zubere nyefee ke 2016, ma ọ dị ka media akụkọ, naanị mbụ ogbo ewu na saịtị "Beskydy ọwara" e dechara na January 2016. Photos si idaha na-egosi na n'etiti ala nke usoro. Hapụ Ụbọchị kwagara ise ikpeazụ nke 2017. Nke a bụ n'ihi na-aga n'ihu ndị na na Ukraine (ATO), mgbe ndị na-ewu ruo oge ụfọdụ e oyi kpọnwụrụ n'ihi na nke mmachibido iwu ahụ zuo nke ụlọ explosives. Ekemende ịga nke ọma ọ natachara ikike ịzụta ná mba ọzọ, na-arụ ọrụ maliteghachiri.

Arụ ọrụ owuwu ma na-arụ ọrụ na ọnọdụ

Ọnọdụ na-ewu a ọwara Beskydy ugbu a nkịtị. Akụkụ nke mbụ na January 2016 e ọma ọrụ. Works na-rụrụ gburugburu elekere. Company "Interbudmontazh" Ndị ọkachamara na-arụ ọrụ na isiokwu ruo izu atọ, sochiri ụbọchị asaa bụ n'ụlọ. Ndị ọrụ na injinịa mkpara nke Lviv w / d ndị na-ewu nke 3-4 consecutive-arụ ọrụ ụbọchị, mgbe nke ha ga-abụ otu ego nke mmepụta.

Dị ka na-arụ Ọdịdị, n'okpuru nkwado nke European ọrụ mfe. Nke a na-ìhè site n'ugwu, nna ukwu ahụ na-ewu ụlọ ha. The obodo nwetara ọrụ: na iri ebe, nwee ume na arụzi, a Obere-factory, nke ọnọde ya ihe-ewu. Naanị 80 ọkachamara na-arụ ọrụ n'ime ọwara. A dum otu nke 180 ndị mmadụ.

ala ụlọ

Na mgbakwunye na ọwara, ọ na-achọrọ na-ewu na ịrụzi dum akụrụngwa, nke na ọ dịghị onye mere n'oge afọ nke Ukraine onwe. The isi mgba maka ego na-ewu ụlọ bụ n'okpuru ụzọ ebe ndị a ọrụ. Ke adianade do, ego, na European n'akụkụ esesịn emezu, na ekenyela ego achịkwa ojiji. Ma dị ka mba ụkpụrụ, na Bank nyere 75% nke ngụkọta ego ọrụ, na ike nke ego - n'ihi na Ukraine oru, ha na-enweghị ọsọ ọsọ nyefee ha, otú ẹkụre ụbọchị na 2017, ọ bụghị ihe niile iyi n'ezie.

Status Beskydy ọwara na oge bụ na mmalite-elu nke abụọ na-adọ nke ewu na elu na-enwe olileanya maka a ngwa ngwa ọgwụgwụ. The Ukrainian n'akụkụ na ihu nke a na-ewu ụlọ ọrụ n'ụzọ doro anya na-emezu ihe ndị a chọrọ prefers inye n'ọbụ aka na okwu na Ukraine isi na European mmekọ.