Bogdan Khmelnitsky

Bogdan Khmelnitsky bụ onye agha na ndị agha Ukraine. A mụrụ ya na 1595. N'ịkọ banyere Khmelnytsky, ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme na-emesi ya ike dị ka hetman, ọ na-adịkarịghị na-ekwu na mgbe ha jikọtara Ukraine na Russia, ọ bụ Eze Emperor Alexei Mikhailovich natara ya, na mgbakwunye na nkwanye ùgwù na onyinye ndị ọzọ, ọkwá nke Moscow.

Bogdan Khmelnitsky. Biography

Nna ya, Michael, bụ onye isi obodo Ukraine. Bogdan natara akwụkwọ ya na Kiev, Lviv na Yaroslavl-Galitsky, na kọleji ndị Jesuit. Tinyere nke a, onye hetman n'ọdịnihu nke Ukraine chebere okwukwe ndị Ọtọdọks.

Ya na nna ya Bogdan Khmelnitsky sonyere n'agha nke 1620-21 n'agbata Poles na Turks. N'oge agha ahụ, e gburu nna ya. Bogdan, mgbe ndị agha Turks meriri, ndị agha jidere ya ruo afọ abụọ. N'ịbụ ohu, ndị Cossacks zụrụ ya. Mgbe ọ laghachiri Bogdan Khmelnitsky ghọrọ onye odeakwụkwọ agha.

N'afọ 1637-38, onye ọhụụ na-aga n'ihu ga-ekere òkè na ọgba aghara ndị a na-ewu ewu. N'afọ 1638, Khmelnitsky ghọrọ onyeisi ndị agha Chigirinsky. Ịghọ mara na mbara èzí nke King of Poland, e zigara ya France maka okwu na òkè nke Cossacks na agha megide Habsburgs - a isi usoro ndị eze na na Europe.

N'afọ 1646, n'oge nnọkọ nke Khmelnytsky na Warsaw na Eze Wladyslaw Waze, ụlọ ọrụ Saịlịn (Khmelnytsky) nke ezinụlọ ndị Khmelnytsky na-ejikọta ike ya, na-egbucha nwa ya nke ọdụdụ. Nsogbu a mechara ghọọ ọganihu dị ukwuu.

Khmelnitsky gbalịrị inweta ikpe ziri ezi n'ụlọikpe eze. Ma ọchịchọ ya niile kpasuru Konetspolski (ndị Polish tycoon), bụ ndị kwadoro Chaplinsky. N'ihi ya, ịchọ eziokwu mere Bogdan Khmelnitsky na 1647 ka a jidere ya.

Ẹkeyakde n'ụlọ mkpọrọ, ya na ọtụtụ enyi rutere na sich. Ikebịghike Bohdan Khmelnitsky nwetara nkwado nke Cossacks, na 1848, n'ọnwa Jenụwarị, amalitere iwe megide ogwe ndị ahụ.

Mgbe nchụpụ nke Ogige ndị dị na Sich the Cossacks banye na mmekorita ya na Crimean Khan. N'oge na-adịghị anya ọgba aghara malitere ịlụ agha nke ntọhapụ. Na akụkọ ihe mere eme, a na-akpọ ya Khmelnitchina. N'oge ọrụ agha Khmelnytsky mere ka ọ bụrụ onye nnọchianya dị mma, onye ọchịagha, onye nhazi nke obodo na Ukraine.

Dị ka ndị ọkọ akụkọ ihe mere eme si kwuo, ọ bụ n'ihi ọrụ ndị hetman na steeti Ukraine na-enweta ike nke ike ya na ọtụtụ ọganihu agha. N'okpuru nduzi ya, ndị agha Cossack meriri ọtụtụ mmeri. Ke akpanikọ, Ukraine ama ọtọn̄ọde ke ifụre.

Otú ọ dị, mba ahụ pụta na mepụtara n'etiti nnukwu na ike ike: Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman, Russia na ndị Commonwealth. N'agbanyegh i agbanyeghi n'oru diplomatic, Khmelnitsky enweghi ihe ịga nke oma n'inweta nkwado nke nnwere onwe nke mba Ukraine.

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, Ogige ndị ahụ, n'emeghị ka echiche nke ịba ala nke Ukraine, na-akwadebe maka njem ahụ. Khmelnytsky ghọtara na ọ dị mkpa nkwado na mgba ọsọ. Dị ka omume nke agha, Crimea Tatars ndị na-apụghị ịdabere enyere Devid aka. N'ihi ya, Bogdan enweghị ihe ọ bụla ma rịọ maka enyemaka site na Russia.

Alexei Mikhailovich emeghị ọsọ ọsọ na-ahụ n'okpuru Cossack Ukraine ma were ọnọdụ ọhụụ. N'afọ 1652, e meriri Khmelnitsky, bụ nke a nabatara Treaty Belotserkovsky, bụ nke a kwadoro ikike ndị Ukraine n'ụzọ dị oke mkpa.

N'agha agha na-adịgide adịgide na ogologo, agha nke ndị iro ahụ gwụrụ. Na nke ugbu a, eze ukwu Russia kpebiri inye arịrịọ nke hetman ahụ. N'afọ 1653, a rụnyere Russia Russia (Ukraine) na Russia. N'ihi ya, a nyere Khmelnitsky enyemaka ndị agha, Russia n'onwe ya banyekwara agha Russian-Polish ogologo oge. Akpa mbu nke agha ahụ biri na 1656 na njide.

Ka ọ dị ugbu a, Khmelnitsky truce adaghị, ya na nzuzo wee malite mkparịta ụka na Sweden banyere ịga n'ihu agha na Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Otú ọ dị, a na-amanye ya icheta ndị nnọchianya ya - Muscovites mụtara banyere mkparịta ụka ahụ.

Khmelnitsky nwụrụ n'afọ 1657. Mgbe ọ nwụsịrị na Ukraine, afọ iri abụọ nke ọgba aghara aghara malitere.

N'afọ 1943, n'October 10, e guzobere Order nke Bogdan Khmelnitsky na aro nke onye nchịkọta akụkọ a ma ama bụ Dovzhenko.