Cervical plexus na alaka ya: Ọdịdị na ọrụ

O siri ike overestimate pụtara na uru nke cervical plexus. Alaka ya chụpụrụ akụkụ nke akụkụ okuku ume uru ma hụ na nnabata ya na akwụkwọ ọrụ nke uru ahụ nke n'olu. Ya mere, daa ọrịa nke cervical plexus nke dị oké mkpa na ọrụ nwere ike isi.

mmewere

Cervical plexus na-paired na a mgbagwoju kpụrụ n'ihu alaka nke elu cervical spinal akwara mgbọrọgwụ. Alaka ya complemented atọ arcuate loops interconnecting stubs akpụ plexus.

Ụfọdụ na isi mmalite ikpokọta ya a ubu esịnede a ala ọkara nke cervical akwara mgbọrọgwụ na abụọ elu thoracic. Na ndị a kwuru cervico-brachial plexus esịnede spinal akwara cervical spinal agba ya, ha abụọ elu thoracic spinal irighiri akwara.

ọdịdị ala

Ihe Ọmụma nke ọdịdị ala nke cervical plexus enyere aka ịghọta nke ọgwụ na ahụ ike na ọnọdụ na-eduga dysfunction nke ya mgbọrọgwụ. N'ihi ọkachamara, ozi a bara uru n'ihi na, ebe ọ maara na ntule nke plexus, ọ bụ mfe izere ezighị ezi mmetụta na ya n'oge dị iche iche ọgwụ na ahụ ike na usoro.

Cervical plexus emi odude ke larịị nke n'elu anọ vertebrae nke cervical spain. Na-ekpuchi na mpụta n'akụkụ na n'ihu sternocleidomastoid muscle, ọ dabeere na n'ihu na-n'akụkụ nke ìgwè nke oké olu uru.

Structure na Function

Ebe ọ bụ na cervical plexus alaka nwere ma afferent na efferent akwara ozi, ha na-arụ ọrụ dị ka a na-mwute na moto ọrụ.

Ntem, na mmeri nke owuwu nke cervical plexus ga-ata ahụhụ ma ebe ndị a.

moto alaka

Muscular ma ọ bụ moto irighiri akwara cervical plexus, branching dị nso n'olu mọzụlụ, ịkpata ha ije; na na mgbakwunye, isonye na guzobere na-akpọ n'olu loops esịnede ndakwasị alaka nke hypoglossal akwara , na akwara ozi, inyịme si mgbọrọgwụ nke akwara plexus. Ọrụ ya bụ innervation uru, nke na-emi odude na ala na-akwanyere ndị hyoid ọkpụkpụ.

Ọ kwesịkwara kwuru na, na trapezoidal, na sternocleidomastoid muscle na-innervated site akwara ozi, inyịme si moto mgbọrọgwụ nke cervical plexus.

ịmara na ngalaba

Mmetuta cervical plexus innervation na-nyere site na-akpọ akpụkpọ ya alaka, ya bụ a nnukwu ntị akwara, akwara obere occiput transverse cervical na supraclavicular irighiri akwara.

phrenic akwara

Nke a bụ ihe ọzọ na alaka nke cervical plexus, nke nwere ihe na-akpali atụmatụ: ka a akụkụ nke phrenic akwara nwere ma moto eriri, branching na diaphragm ma na-eme ya na-akpali, na mwute, na-enye innervation na pericardium, pleura na peritoneum.

Nke a akwara a ghọtara dị ka ndị kasị mkpa alaka nke ndị na-etolite na cervical plexus, dị ka-eduzi ndị diaphragm, na ya-apụghị izere ezere na-eduga ná ọnwụ paresis aperture mgbanwe ogo ma ọ bụ mkpọnwụ. Ndị dị otú ahụ a na ọnọdụ a na clinically gosipụtara akụkụ okuku ume na ọdịda, ruo ya oké.

N'oge ụfọdụ, mgbe otụk cervical plexus, na karịsịa, phrenic akwara daa ọrịa na-egosipụta clonic ọdịdọ na diaphragm, nke atugharị-egosi dị ka a mgbochiume.

ọbara esenyịn

The isi iyi nke ike owuwu nke elu nke cervical spain bụ obere alaka nke vertebral akwara, nke, na-ewere si malite si subclavian akwara, adahade tinyere ọkpụkpụ azụ elu, nke na-abanye cranial uji eze, ma na-enye ya dum ogologo Alaka maka inweta ọbara na anatomical owuwu nke cervical spain.

The daa ọrịa nke cervical plexus

Ịrịba ama nke cervical plexus apụta n'ụdị moto, sensory na trophic ọrịa. The mgbagwoju e mere site a zọpụta nke mgbaàmà na guzobere akwara ozi dị iche iche ọrụ. Imebi metụtara mmanye, nke na-enye alaka innervate cervical plexus. Anatomy bụ dị otú ahụ na na mmeri nke ọ bụla nke mgbọrọgwụ na-ata ahụhụ niile atọ ọrụ.

kwere omume mmerụ

1. Nsogbu, dị ka na eze ma ọ bụ subluxation nke cervical vertebrae, bruises ma ọ bụ neonatal ọmụmụ unan.
2. The mkpakọ syndrome na mkpakọ neoplasm, ọkpụkpụ rifọrọ, hematoma ma ọ bụ bandeeji (ma ọ bụrụ na oke mmasị N'ịdị Immobilization).
3. Infectious na mkpali ọnya na ike-ata cervical plexus nke ọkpụkpụ azụ akwara mgbe ọrịa (herpes ọrịa, flu-dị ka lesion, akpịrị akpịrị, syphilis).
4. Nsí Achọ etiology nke cervical plexitis. Dị otú ahụ n'onwe bụ omume na Ịhazi ọnya ịṅụbiga mmanya ókè, ma ọ bụ na ihe banyere arọ metal nsi.
5. Siri ike hypothermia (hypothermia) nwere ike ime ka mbufụt nke akwara Kporo.
6. Anabata ma ọ bụ autoimmune mmeri mgbe ike ike mmetụta nke dịghịzi usoro mkpụrụ ndụ na-ezighị zigara ya ụjọ anụ ahụ nke ahu.
7. Adịghị ala ala systemic ọrịa na-eduga erighị nke akwara Kporo.

ngosipụta

N'etiti ọnya na ọrịa nke cervical plexus nwere ike mata:

• Unilateral.
• Bilateral.

All otu ebe infestation na cervical plexus alaka, ji a moto, sensory na trophic ọrịa nke innervation na nwoke mpaghara. Pathology-aga na ya ọzọ ogbo nke mmepe:

• Neuralgic ogbo. Ngosipụta metụtara na iyatesịt nke akwara Kporo. A nnukwu mmalite nke oké ihe mgbu na ọdịdị nke ala n'akụkụ nke ihu radiating ka ntị na-occipital mpaghara, nakwa dị ka ejighị n'aka radiating ka ogwe-aka ruo fingertips. Orunótu nke mgbu kwekọrọ na otụk n'akụkụ. Rịara ọrịa na-abawanye budata na-arụsi ọrụ ike na n'ezinụlọ mmegharị; onodu nke udo nwere ike mee ka ụfọdụ efe, ma ihe mgbu na-ezu ike, na ọbụna n'abalị, adịghị akwụsị kpam kpam. Pain esonyere paresthesia, jụrụ nke akpụkpọ aghara na okpomọkụ uche na innervation mpaghara emetụta akwara mgbọrọgwụ.
• Kpọnwụrụ akpọnwụ ogbo. Nzọụkwụ paresis na mkpọnwụ (dabere na ogo ọnya) e ji ihe ịrịba ama nke cervical akwara dysfunctions emejupụta cervical plexus. N'ihi ọnya nke phrenic akwara na hụrụ hiccups, n'ihi enweghị nchikota nke uru ahụ, ihe isi ike na expectoration imebi; ọrịa nke olu, iku ume - ruo mgbe oké iku ume ọkụ ọkụ na n'oké ikpe, akụkụ okuku ume na ọrịa, ruo akụkụ okuku ume na ọdịda. Trophic ọrịa ime ka ọzịza na bluish coloration nke anụ ahụ, na-agbanwe ha turgor; Ke adianade do, isi ọsụsọ na-agba kwupụta ya ike. A ogologo oge nke ọrịa nwere ike isi mee ka atrophic mgbanwe nke uru ahụ nke ubu-ọkiké, nke utịp ke n'ihu guzobere bụ ejikarịkwa na eze nke ubu nkwonkwo; ma ọ bụ mkpọnwụ nke uru ahụ nke n'olu, oké ogo nke na-eduga ná ọnwụ nke cervical uru na-enwe ike na-arụrụ ha ọrụ: onye ọrịa isi n'oké ikpe nwere ike ịdabere ná n'ihu nke mere na agba bụ n'akụkụ aka sternum. Mgbe miri emi otú ahụ ọnya ifịk ije site na-emetụta uru ahụ bụ ekwe omume; n'adabereghị bulie isi ya nke ọrịa ike.
• Mbelata nzọụkwụ. Mgbe a na ogbo, ọrịa nke ụjọ ọrụ amalite nwayọọ nwayọọ gbakee. Mgbe ụfọdụ, mgbake chọpụtara ezughị ezu, na ihe mmapụta phenomena n'ụdị paresis ma ọ bụ mkpọnwụ nke elu-ụdị (umengwụ uwa), na atrophic mgbanwe nke uru ahụ (ihe ndị e dere na nchoputa nke mmapụta mmetụta n'ụdị elu paresis kwesịrị ịnwe ihe na-egosi nke emetụtara akwara mgbọrọgwụ).

Mmapụta mmetụta:

• Umengwụ (elu) paresis ma ọ bụ mkpọnwụ nke uru ahụ nke n'olu na ubu-ọkiké, ejikarịkwa na eze nke ubu nkwonkwo na ndị e ji mara isi postcho n'ihi adịghị ike n'olu uru.
• Aghara nke Akwara ụda; cramps na apịajighị apịaji na alaka nke cervical plexus innervated uru dị iche iche.
• Sensory disturbances n'ụdị paresthesias na ihe mgbu hypersensitivity nọ n'ógbè sensory innervation plexus.
• Trophic ọrịa nke anụ ahụ na adụ anụ ahụ na-emetụta ebe.

Nkụnwụ

Cervical plexus ná Nkụnwụ na-enye ohere ịwa ahụ na olu, thyroid, ọbara arịa brachiocephalic otu trauma, gunshot ọnyá, cancer.

Ebe n'ihu n'olu na etiti akara cervical plexus alaka anastomose, ná Nkụnwụ mwute mgbọrọgwụ n'azụ ihu sternocleidomastoid muscle ka na abụọ. Nke a enye gị ohere igosi ná Nkụnwụ tinyere nnukwu adọ na miri n'ígwé nke anụ ahụ nke n'olu (gụnyere laryngectomy, mwepụ nke cancer etuto ahụ).

Iji aka na mmetụta nke ná Nkụnwụ alaka nke cervical plexus, kwere ọzọ igbochi elu nke akwara alaka, n'ihu n'ihu nke n'olu.

Ime ihe niile ndị a manipulations ná Nkụnwụ rụrụ ihu obibia, ebe ọ bụ na ojiji nke mpụta ohere (ntụtụ anestetiiki ngwọta n'ime subdural ohere) jikọtara a elu puru nke a kama oké nsogbu, otú ahụ Usoro nke mpụta ohere,-eji ghara iji atụmatụ.