Chemical Njirimara nke salts na ụzọ maka ha nkwadebe

Salts - bekee nke klas nke inorganic ogige, nke iso nke anion (acid fọduru) na cation (metal atọm). N'ọnọdụ ka ukwuu a crystalline umi nke dị iche iche na agba na na dị iche iche mmiri solubility. The mfe nnọchiteanya nke a na klas nke ogige - sodium chloride (NaCl).

Salts na-ekewa n'ime acidic, isi na nkịtị.

Nkịtị (averages) ii mgbe acid niile hydrogen atọm na-dochie anya metal atọm, ma ọ bụ mgbe niile hydroxyl iche iche na-anọchi acid bases acid residues (e.g., MgSO4, mg (CH3COO) 2). Mgbe electrolytic dissociation, ha gbarie n'ime ghaghị ebubo metal anions na-ezighị ezi na ebubo anions.

The chemical Njirimara nke a ìgwè nke salts:

• amalite irekasị na okpomọkụ;

• ata hydrolysis (mmeghachi omume na mmiri);

• aba mgbanwe Jeremaya mere na asịd, ndọkwasi nile na ndị ọzọ salts. Ọ ga-eti ụfọdụ nke atụmatụ ndị a Jeremaya mere:

- a mmeghachi omume na ihe acid na-ewe ebe naanị mgbe a acid dị ike karịa na nke nnu emee;

- mmeghachi omume na ndị isi na-ẹkenịmde ke ikpe ebe unyi anaghị agbasa na okwu a kpụrụ;

- saline solution mkpatụ na metal, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ na-ekpe na electrochemical usoro nke metal nchegbu, nke bụ akụkụ nke nnu;

- nnu compound na ngwọta na-eme onye ọ bụla ọzọ, ma ọ bụrụ na a na-kpụrụ ihe unyi anaghị agbasa na ngwaahịa mgbanwe;

• redox na ike ga-ejikọta ya na Njirimara nke a cation ma ọ bụ anion.

The acid salts na-akwadebe na mgbe ebe naanị a òkè nke hydrogen atọm na acid a na-anọchi na metal atọm (e.g., NaHSO4, CaHPO4). Mgbe electrolytic dissociation ha na-etolite hydrogen na metal cations, nke acid fọduru anions, Otú ọ dị chemical Njirimara nke otu a na-agụnye salts nke ndị na-esonụ àgwà ndị dị ka nnu na acid ogige:

• na-doro thermal decomposition na-etolite a abụọ nnu;

• meghachi omume na alkali na-etolite a nkịtị nnu.

Basic salts na-nwetara ikpe ebe naanị a òkè nke hydroxyl iche iche dochie bases na anions nke asịd (e.g., Cu (OH) ma ọ bụ cl, Fe (OH) CO3). Ndị dị otú ahụ ogige na-dissociated n'ime metal cations na anions nke hydroxy na acid fọduru. The chemical Njirimara nke a ìgwè nke salts gụnyere mgbaàmà e ji mara chemical bekee na nnu, na bases n'otu oge:

• ji kwes decomposition;

• meghachi omume na acid.

E nwere echiche nke mgbagwoju na abụọ salts.

Mgbagwoju nwere mgbagwoju anion ma ọ bụ cation. The chemical Njirimara nke ụdị mmeghachi omume na-agụnye salts mbibi okụre, Bilie guzobe ufat soluble ogige. Ọzọkwa, ha na-enwe ike ịgbanwe ligands n'etiti n'ime na elu ebe.

Dual nwekwara nwere ihe abụọ dị iche iche cations na ike na-eme na alkaline ngwọta (Mbelata mmeghachi omume).

Ụzọ nke na-akwadebe salts

Ndị bekee pụrụ inweta ndị na-eso ụzọ:

• imeghachi omume na asịd na ọla, nke nwere ike ka ha chụpụ ndị hydrogen atọm;

• mmeghachi omume ndọkwasi nile na asịd, bases na hydroxyl otu nke e ji gbanwere ya na acidic acid residues;

• ihe nke asịd na amphoteric na isi oxides, salts ma ọ bụ ọla;

• ihe nke bases na acidic oxides;

• mmeghachi omume n'etiti acidic na isi oxides;

• salts site omume na onye ọ bụla ọzọ ma ọ bụ na ọla (nnọchi mmeghachi omume) ;

• nkwadebe nke metal salts n'oge Jeremaya mere na ndị na-abụghị ọla;

• acidic nnu compound nwetara site mmeghachi omume na-ajụ salts na acid nke otu aha;

• isi umi nnu na-akwadebe site na omume nnu na a obere ego nke alkali.

N'ihi ya, salts nwere ike kwadebere na ọtụtụ ụzọ, ebe ọ bụ na ha na-emepụta dị ka a n'ihi nke ọtụtụ chemical Jeremaya mere dị iche iche inorganic bekee na ogige.