Classicism na ndị nnọchiteanya classicism

Classicism - ntụziaka nke European omenala ke mbubreyo 17 - n'oge narị afọ nke 19. The aha na-abịa site Latin okwu classicus, nke pụtara "onye ọkà". Ihe e ji mara classicism atụle nditịm mepụtara usoro nka ụkpụrụ, nke na a chọrọ ka-hụrụ, mpụta ìhè nke okike pụrụ ichetụ n'echiche e weere adịghị anakwere. Classical echiche nọ na niile na ngalaba nke omenala ndụ. Classicism na art, akwụkwọ, sere, ije, music nwere iji gosi na a eluigwe na ala kwekọrọ.

Ụkpụrụ ndị bụ isi nke classicism e chepụtara na a inem Nikolya Bualo (France 1674). N'ime ya, o kwenye substantiated a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke chọrọ nke nkà ọdịdị na-emetụta edemede ọrụ. Dị Ịrịba Ama ọrụ kwesŽrŽ-nọ na echesinụ ọchịchị nke atọ unities. Ịdị n'Otu pụtara a ofu ebe nke ohere ebe eme, ịdị n'otu nke oge - a kpọmkwem, obere oge mgbe, ịdị n'otu nke edinam - otu Central storyline.

Ọzọkwa, dị ka F. Fenelon na M. V. Lomonosovu, nnọchiteanya nke classicism na akwụkwọ ga-edebe a echesinụ hierarchy nke Genres na ekwekọghị. "High style" - a dị elu okwu, Genres: na ode, a dike uri. "Nkezi nwayọọ" - Elegy, satirical ọrụ, ejije. "Low nwayọọ" - nkeonwe na-adị kwa ụbọchị ndụ, Genres: akuko ifo, ntochi ide. ọ A machibidoro mix ekwekọghị. Erule mmalite narị afọ nke 19 classicism wee dochie anya ya site pedestal dị otú ahụ ekwekọghị dị ka sentimentalism na romanticism. Ịchụso rigor ma doo anya na a kwụsị.

The Russian classicism pụtara naanị ná mmalite narị afọ nke 18. The kwalitere ya mmepe na- mgbanwe nke Peter m , na ozizi nke "atọ na uwe" University mgbanwe Trediakovsky. The kasị ama nnọchianya nke classicism na Russia: Denis Ivanovich Fonvizin (ntochi), Antioh Dmitrievich Kantemir (Satire), Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin Mikhail Vasilyevich Lomonosov (ode), Ivan Ivanovich Chemnitzer na Aleksandr Petrovich Sumarokov (akuko ifo). The Central nsogbu nke ọha mmadụ n'oge ahụ a ike nsogbu, ya mere, Russian classicism nwere a peculiar n'akụkụ dị iche na Western classicism. Ebe ọ bụ na mgbe Peter Ukwu abughi eze ukwu ma ọ bịara na ike n'ụzọ iwu kwadoro, na nsogbu bụ aghụghọ, n'obí coups, na mismatch nke eze na ndị mmadụ na-atụ anya nke ikpe. Ọ bụ nsogbu ndị a na-ekere ke Russian classicism.

nnọchiteanya nke classicism na music, n'ihi na ihe atụ, Yozef Gaydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Ludwig van Beethoven, ruo mgbe ebighị ebi banyere akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụwa. Ọrụ ha ígwè ndu n'ihu mmepe nke musical mejupụtara. Musical ọrụ aghọwo ihe ahaziri, n'akụkụ nile nke a ngwaahịa ndị ziri ezi.

Classicism ike-enwe mmetụta na omenala nke ụlọ ọrụ ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka ije. Eji oge ochie iche-iche, anya Greek, Roman motifs. Pastel shades. Na Russia ọ dị nnọọ a ngwakọta nke Byzantine omenala na Russian Baroque. Anọchitekwa anya nke Russian classicism na ije: Kazakov, Eropkin, Zemtsov, Korobov, Rossi, Stasov, Montferrand.

Classicism na sere, na-emekarị na-emesi ire ụtọ iche-iche, na isi ndị na-na-na udi ma na akara nke ìhè na ndo. Otu n'ime ihe ndị kacha mma ese ghọtara N. Poussin na C. Lorrain. Poussin kere masterpieces, ebe ndị dike na-eme, akpa nkata na akụkọ ihe mere eme style e sere. Lorraine, n'aka nke ya, na-emekwa ụfọdụ na ebe ndị mara mma, nke bụ kwesiri ngosi njikọ dị n'etiti nwoke na uwa, na kwekọrọ nke ha na mmekọrịta. Anọchitekwa anya nke classicism na Russian sere: enweghị atụ nwe osise nke akụkọ ihe mere eme na-achị AP Losenko,-eso ụzọ ya (I. A. Akimov, P. I. Sokolov na ndị ọzọ).