Dike Ọnọdụ nke USSR: aha nke ọrụ akụkọ ihe mere eme

Ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na ọdịda nke ebe e wusiri ike, ha na-akpata ga-adị ndị mmadụ ma ha ga-adabere na-eme n'ọdịnihu nke obodo, obodo na ndi mmadu. Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, ka a hurricane, kpochapụ Europe. Na a okwu nke ọnwa, Hitler meriri bukwanu ọtụtụ mba, ma na ọ gafere ókè nke Soviet Union na mụtara ihe a n'ezie agha. Ebe ndị ọzọ mbà, Soviet agha emeghị ọbụna na-eche banyere lanahụrụ. Ha lụrụ agha nke ọ bụla na mita nke ya na obodo ya, ndị obodo ahụ bụ n'okpuru mgbochi maka ọnwa, ma emeghị ka ọcha flags. Nke a na-etinye ike nsogbu na-ebido. Mgbe mmeri na Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya, ndị ọchịchị kpebiri award aha "dike City" ebe, na ndi bi na nke na-eme magburu onwe ya, na-alụ ọgụ na agha. Dike Ọnọdụ nke USSR - dike bastion, iji chebe mba ha.

Banyere ụkpụrụ

Na May, na 45th, e nyere iwu ka o nweta ọnọdụ nke "dike City" ebe, nke na-akwanyere ya ùgwù onwe ya na agha na ndị mwakpo. Dị ka nke a iji, akpa obodo-dike nke Soviet Union bụ:

• Stalingrad;
• Odessa;
• Sevastopol;
• Leningrad.

Na 1961 aha e nyere Kiev. 1965 Presidency obi sie ọnọdụ nke ọnọdụ nke "dike City". Fọrọ nke nta ozugbo nyere iwu 7. Dị ka ụkpụrụ, ihe nile nke obodo-dike nke Soviet Union natara nrite "Gold Star". Na mgbakwunye na nrite Odessa, Sevastopol na Stalingrad e nyere n'ihu Order of Lenin. Ọzọkwa, dị ka nke iwu, adịghị anwụ anwụ aha "Heroes" e ọdịda nke Moscow na Brest Ebe e wusiri ike.

Na 1980 ọnọdụ nke ọnọdụ nke "dike City" a obere gbazie, ọ bụ ugbu a - adịghị mfe aha, na kasị elu ogo ude. Dị ka ebe nchekwa nke heroism nke gara aga na obodo ndị a ka e mere a usoro nke ihe oyiyi na a local emblem. Na agha afọ, ya agaa leta ebe, natara kasị elu award, ọ dịghị onye laghachi n'ụlọ na-enweghị icon "dike City" nke USSR.

Dike Ọnọdụ ya n'usoro abiidii

Ọnọdụ nke "dike City" - bụ ihe kasị nējide onwe-na elu ụgwọ ọrụ maka ọtụtụ, na-elekọta mmadụ heroism. The agha emewo ka a otutu weere, ma kpugheere àgwà ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka obi ike na omeka agu nke onye ọ bụla bi na ha. Otu nwere naanị icheta nọchibidoro Leningrad. 900 ogologo ụbọchị ebe nọgidere na onye iro cordon, ma ọ dịghị onye na-aga na-enye elu. Dị nnọọ a ndepụta "obodo-dike" nke USSR mejupụtara 12 oche:

• Volgograd;
• Kerch;
• Kiev;
• Leningrad;
• Minsk;
• Moscow;
• Murmansk;
• Novorossiysk;
• Odessa;
• Sevastopol;
• Smolensk;
• Tula.

Iji ndepụta a anyị nwere ike tinye on ọzọ, na Brest Ebe e wusiri ike, nke e ọdịda nke-adịghị anwụ anwụ aha "Ebe e wusiri ike-dike". Onye ọ bụla obodo mara maka oké feat, nke na a echefu.

Leningrad

Nke a obodo-dike nke bụbu Soviet Union, n'ihi na n'aka, a ga-echeta ruo ogologo oge. The hijackers n'obi ibibi, n'ozuzu bi. Kpụ ọkụ agha ahụ malitere na obibia nke obodo 07.10.1941. The iro nwere a space uru, ma okwu nke na ngwá agha, na na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị agha. 09/08/1941 German agha malitere ịchịkwa Neva, na Leningrad ama iche-adịdebeghị mmiri.

The mgbochi nke obodo kere ruo January 1944. N'oge ndị a 900 ụbọchị nke na-arụ, na-egbu mmadụ karịa ha na-efu agha na US na UK jikọtara. Agụụ 800 puku. People nwụrụ. Kama ụbọchị ọkara nde mmadụ na-arụ ọrụ na ndị na-ewu ihe iji chebe onwe mgbochi. Barricades 35 km, 40 km mgbochi owuwu n'elu 4 nke. Bunkers. Ke adianade do, Leningrad rụziri na-emepụta ngwá agha. N'ihi ya, n'ihu-akara mpaghara 1.9 puku. Tankị e zijere, 225,2 puku. Automata 10 nde mines na-emeghasị projectiles 12.1 puku. Ogbunigwe. More karịrị ọkara nde ndị mmadụ natara agha Ọla.

Stalingrad (Volgograd)

Dike City Stalingrad Soviet Union lanarị kasị zuru ebe nile na-emegide World War II, we rida na akụkọ ihe mere eme dị ka ndị agha agha nke Stalingrad agha. 17/07/1942 First mwakpo bịara n'ebe a na-ụbọchị Volgograd na ebumnuche merie ngwa ngwa. Ma nke a agha dọkpụụrụ na maka 200 ụbọchị, ọ na a gụnyere ma ndị agha na ndị nkịtị Soviet ụmụ amaala.

August 23, 1942 mbụ e nwere na mbụ agha na ndị obodo, na na 25.08 nke mberede e kwuru mara iwu. sonyeere 50 puku. Iji ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo nke Soviet agha. N'agbanyeghị mgbe nile ọgụ, obodo osisi wee na-na-arụ ọrụ, na-enweghị mbenata ọsọ-ezitekwara n'ihu mkpa agha mgbọ. Mechie Germany bịara September 12. 2 ọnwa nke di ọku agha mere ka ịrịba mmebi nke onye iro agha. 19/11/1942 Leningrad malitere counterattack. Mgbe 2.5 ọnwa, na onye iro e bibiri.

Odessa na Sevastopol

Nazi agha bụ 5 ugboro ọgụ ike nke na-agbachitere Odessa, ma-agbachitere nke obodo ahụ were ụbọchị 73. Mgbe oge a Soviet Army agha na ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo si Ndị mmadụ agha nwere ike ime ka ịrịba mmebi nke onye mbusoagha agha. Otú ọ dị, obodo ka bụ ndị nọ n'okpuru nlekọta nke ndị Nazi.

Soviet obodo-dike na Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya egwuri ya isi ọrụ, ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na ha na-precipitated, ha otu ihe atụ nke ntachi obi, ike, na-adịghị ada ada obi ike. Sebastopol nzere tactic mara ke peeji nke agha akụkọ ihe mere eme na kenkwucha omume, dị ka a ọkọlọtọ nke a ogologo na-arụsi ọrụ ike iji chebe onwe arụmọrụ n'azụ iro e. Nchedo nke ala gbara osimiri okirikiri obodo dịgidere ruo ihe karịrị 8 ọnwa, malite 10.30.1941. Naanị a 4 nke anwa Germany jisiri ẹkemụm ya.

Brest ebe e wusiri ike

Na Brest ghọrọ obodo mbụ na-eche ihu na ihu na onye iro agha. N'ụtụtụ June 22 n'okpuru iro ọkụ ọkụ bụ ndị Brest Ebe e wusiri ike, ebe n'oge ahụ e odude banyere 7,000 Soviet agha. Fascist mwakpo na-eme atụmatụ ẹkemụm akara nke a ebe siri ike na a awa ole na ole, ma ọkọdọ rapaara n'ihi na a dum ọnwa. The German agha ya tara ahụhụ a ịrịba ọnwụ nke na-achịkwa ebe ewusiri ike e weere na a izu, ma a n'ọnwa ndị Nazi efịk onye-eri ego nke na-eguzogide. Oge nweela Brest, chịkọtara ndị agha nke Union ma kwadebe ka ichughachiazu agha.

Moscow na Kiev

Ha dị iche onwe-ha agha na-iro na ndị isi obodo nke abụọ uku otua. The mmalite nke agha ya akara maka Kiev ikuku etiwapụ. The obodo bịara n'okpuru agha mwakpo na n'oge awa nke agha, ma mgbe izu abụọ e dabeere Kọmitii maka Protection nke obodo. Malitere 72 ụbọchị na-echebe ọrụ. N'ohu ahụ Soviet agha sonyeere 33 puku. Kiev. Ha bụ akụkụ nke wakpo battalions ma nye a ezigbo agha na onye-iro.

The iro agha nọ na-akwụsị ke akpa akara nke obodo e wusiri ike. Jidere Kiev ịkwaga onye iro dara, ma, 30/07/1941 e mere ọzọ mgbalị wakpo. Mgbe 10 ụbọchị, onye iro bụ ike agbaji agbachitere ndịda-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ, ma na-agbachitere na-enwe ike iji guzogide a. Mgbe 5 ụbọchị, ndị mwakpo ahụ agha gbaghachi azụ ha na mbụ ọnọdụ. Direct wakpo Kiev agaghịkwa iri. 17 onye fasizim iche ogologo oge abuana ke agha nke Kiev. Ya mere, onye iro a manyere ịdọrọ akụkụ nke na-akpasu iwe agha ahụ nke gara Moscow, na-eduzi ha kwupụta Kiev. N'ihi nke a, ndị Soviet agha wezuga on 19 September.

Ma Moscow, agha n'ihi na ọ bụ na abụọ na ụdị azụmahịa: nzere na-akpasu iwe. Fascist iwu kpebiri ịga Moscow. Ya kpọọ ga-a gbawara maka Union agha, otú isi firepower e ẹsịn na isi obodo. N'aka nke ya, ndị Soviet agha agaghị ya mfe mbà. 5 December ndị Germany na-kewapụrụ azụ Moscow, na-akwado ya na nke Defense ulo oru a counterattack, ihe omume bụ njedebe nke mbịne na agha.

njedebe

Nkwanye ùgwù e kwesịrị Kerch, Tula, Novorossiysk, Murmansk, Smolensk, ndị mere a kwesịrị onyinye agha megide fascists. The Soviet agha agha na ndị ikpeazụ, na ha agha na obodo. The iji chebe onwe na-akpasu iwe agha nile nke ụmụ mmadụ na ego na-aka. Murmansk, Novorossiisk, Leningrad, Stalingrad - ekele Herculean mgbalị ndị ike ịkwụsị ụzọ nke onye iro, na-adịghị e weghaara. The obi ọjọọ nnọchibido na Kerch-awa nkume na-ekwe ka oge na onye fasizim agha, ma ndị bi na tara oké losses. Ọ bụ na Kerch Peninsula Soviet ọrụ malitere-ikpọ Nazi mpụ.

Iri na abụọ, nke ahụ bụ otú ihe ndị dike obodo na USSR. Ha bụ ndị ekwe ekwe spirit na-anọgide mgbe ọdịda nke e wusiri ike.