Dawes Plan dị ka ụzọ nke akụ na ụba iji tụtee mmadụ nke Germany ke ufọt ufọt 1920

Mgbe mmeri nke German Alaeze Ukwu ahụ Treaty nke Versailles e banyere mbụ Agha Ụwa nke 1914-1918. Site ya okwu, Germany aghaghị ịkwụ ụgwọ reparations ka mba nke Entente. The size na ụgwọ oge na-abụghị kpọmkwem usoro udo nkwekorita. Na 2-3 afọ, Germany chere ihu akụ na ụba isi ike. Na 1924, ndị Dawes Plan e mere iji weghachi nke itule nke ịkwụ ụgwọ nke German aku na uba.

Franco-German see ke Ruhr ebe

Otu n'ime mba na-adabere kpam, bụ France. Mgbe Germany mgbe mmalite nke a dị oké njọ aku nsogbu, nsogbu malitere na ugwo nke reparations, President Poincare kpebiri itinye French agha na Ruhr ebe. Dị ka ị maara, ndị Ruhr - kacha akụ-ọgaranya n'ógbè Germany. E nwere dị iche iche akara ule nke coal mined, nke nọ na ọtụtụ-eji ụlọ ọrụ, na na ụgbọ okporo ígwè. French mbuso agha nke German n'ókèala ọtụtụ ebumnobi:

• hụ mgbe nile ọkọnọ nke reparation ịkwụ ụgwọ France;
• ohere ka German eke ego maka French industrialists;
• idem emem mmetụta nke England na US na European ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị.

German eguzogide kere 8 ọnwa. N'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke 1923, ndị ọchịchị Germany biri ego maka agha megide French mgbasa. France gbalịrị nọrọ n'okpuru Germany onwe ya, nke na-adịghị gụnyere atụmatụ nke ndị ọzọ ndị ndú ụwa.

Ọrụ ọrụ ndị ọkachamara na-amụ ọnọdụ ego nke Germany

Na November 1923, mba obodo guzobere a ọrụ, nke e mechara mepụtara Dawes Plan. The eme nke ọrụ gara ọkachamara economists si Europe, dị ka nke ọma dị ka onye ọkachamara nke si United States. The ahu Ọdịdị e kere abụọ kọmitii. The mbụ na-arụ ọrụ mweghachi nke German ego. The akporo n'ìgwè nke abụọ gụnyere search gbara ajụjụ laghachi ohere na mba isi obodo, ewepụtara mba ọzọ. Nke a ego nwere ike isi na iji tụtee mmadụ nke aku na uba, n'ihi na naanị ihe ịga nke ọma n'ụzọ akụ na ụba na mmepe nke Germany pụrụ inye reparations.

Development na mkporo nke Entente atụmatụ

January 14, 1924 na London, meghere a nzukọ nke kọmitii ndị ọkachamara. Ọ na-aga na-ọkachamara obodo American ọkàiwu Charles Dawes. Tupu n'isonyere Committee a ụbọchị ole na ole a otu nke ndị nwere ahụmahụ financiers ẹkenịmde ke Germany iji na-amụ n'ezie na foto nke larịị nke aku na uba. Na ndabere nke data nwetara ya e mepụtara a akụkọ nke e mere n'ihu ọha na a nzukọ London.

Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-ekwu banyere Dawes Plan Na nkenke, ọ na-edozi nsogbu nke iweghachi ndị solvency nke German aku na uba maka ugwo nke reparations. Structure nke akụkọ e kewara n'akụkụ atọ. Na mbụ echiche bụ na idozi - ọ bụ naanị mpụga ụgwọ nke Germany si Western mmekọ, bụghị a ụzọ ntaramahụhụ n'ihi na ihe isi ike na Entente mba njọ n'oge agha.

Dawes plan-akpọ maka ndokwa nke n'aka na German aku mgbake na ego nke 800 nde akara. Isi ihe dị iche n'etiti a n'aka site ugbu a mmemme co-agbaziri mba na IMF bụ na Germany gafere a pụrụ iche tax Commissioners ike ijide onwe mmefu ego. Ke adianade do, Company kere a pụrụ iche, nke aired na management nke ụgbọ okporo ígwè na usoro ke Germany ruo afọ 40. N'ezie, ịchịkwa n'elu-emeri na saịtị ebe n'ime onwe aka. Control n'elu ego ndị ọchịchị na-efu n'ihi na ikike ibipụta akwụkwọ ego natara a pụrụ iche ike akụ, nke bụ n'okpuru Allied akara. Dawes Plan tụkọtakwara a nnukwu tax on ndị bi na. Ndị bụ isi e guzobere reparative ego ndị onwe ụlọ ọrụ ụtụ na mmefu ego steeti.

The esi nke na-Allied iwu

Doo nke Dawes Plan nwere ma nke oma ma na-ezighị ezi pụta n'ihi na ndị na mba Europe. Rụzuworo:

• akawanye ọnọdụ akụ na ụba na Germany;
• ịmaliteghachi reparation ịkwụ ụgwọ.

Na-adịghị mma isi:

• impoverishment nke ndị bi;
• iwebata arọ ụtụ isi maka ndị bi dugara a ịrị elu larịị nke mkpesa ọnọdụ uche na otu;
• abịa na 1933, ndị ọzọ nke ndị Nazi na Adolf Hitler.