Desert osisi na otú ha imeghari ka efekarị na ihu igwe

Osisi nke desert emeghị chọpụta ọdịdị nke na mpaghara na-akọrọ idụhe. Agba odida obodo na desert adabere ọzọ na ala karịa si ahịhịa. A pụrụ iche mma bụ oké ekpuchi ya thinning. The isi uka nke osisi - a oké ọkọchị na-eguzogide umu (oké xerophytes).

Ụzọ na-mmiri na-ekpo ọkụ desert idụhe osisi

Ịnagide a nkọ enweghị mmiri osisi aka ụfọdụ ngwaọrụ, evaporation inhibitors: ukwuu belata akwukwo ebe na pubescence, fim n'elu epupụta nnukwu ọkpụrụkpụ. Nke a film a na-akpọ cuticle; ọ bụ kpam kpam waterproof. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ndị desert osisi na ọmụmụ akabeghị aka epupụta n'ụdị obere flakes. akwukwo na ọrụ na-rụrụ site green ị ga, ọgaranya chlorophyll.

Iji merie ogologo n'oge okpomọkụ okochi, osisi ẹduọk ha epupụta na desert na mmalite nke okpomọkụ. Nke a na onu bụ nnọọ nkịtị na ala kpọrọ nkụ climates.

Naani iji nagide oké ọkọchị na uru succulent desert osisi (na-akpọ ha succulents). Ha thickened ị ga ma ọ bụ epupụta. Onwem na a pụrụ iche mmiri na-ebu anụ ahụ, na osisi, na-achịkọta mmiri na efe n'elu akụkụ. N'èzí na-ekpuchi akwa na a na ok film, na cuticle na-echebe ha si ike evaporation. Ndị dị otú ahụ osisi na desert ndị na-emekarị nnọọ ole na ole stomata, nke na-ebelata mmiri ọnwụ.

N'ọzara e nwere umu, ọ bụghị ike nkịtị oké ọkọchị. Ndị a gụnyere ephemeroids na ephemera. Ha na-eto naanị n'oge opupu ihe ubi, mgbe desert ka iru mmiri na-adịghị ọkụ nke ukwuu, ma na mmalite nke oge okpomọkụ ikpo ha dọbara n'elu akụkụ-anwụ anwụ.

E nwere ihe ọzọ ụdị desert osisi - osisi nfuli, nke na-akpọ phreatophytes. Ọbụna ndị kasị oké okpomọkụ adịghị emetụta na-egbuke egbuke green agba nke epupụta na-emeghe okooko osisi. Nke a na-kọwara site na eziokwu na phreatophytes mgbọrọgwụ mmasị miri banye n'ime n'ime ala (ruo 30 m) na iru ala. Kamel ogwu - ihe atụ nke a.

Na-eduga ọrụ bụ nke desert Original Mix osisi. Ndị a gụnyere ndị bushes, osisi na ọbụna obere osisi (eg saxaul).

Family nke osisi nke desert na na nduzi nke ụdị ahịhịa na ala ụdị

Desert ahịhịa dịịrị Compositae, legumes, cruciferous na ọka. E nwere ọbụna sedge desert osisi. Otú ọ dị, ihe ndị kasị n'ime ha bụ ndị nke ezinụlọ Chenopodiaceae. Ọ na-eto nke ọma na nke igwe a ka wormwood.

Dị ka ihe ndị mejupụtara nke desert e nwere aja, nkume, saline na ụrọ. Ala ọnọdụ budata emetụta uma nke ahịhịa. N'ihi na desert osisi dị ezigbo mkpa n'ibu mejupụtara nke ala, nke a na-egosi na mmiri. The ụrọ nke desert osisi nanị ego nke mmiri na-abịa site ikuku na precipitates.

Osisi okpomọkụ desert

Ebe okpomọkụ na subtropical desat nke Arabia na Africa na-adịkwaghị perennial grasses na xerophytic osisi, ma ị na-ekiri na succulents. Kpamkpam nke na-enweghị ahịhịa na ájá dunes kpuchie a nnu jikọrọ ọnụ ebe.

The okpomọkụ desat n'akụkụ oké osimiri (Western Sahara, Atacama, Mexico, California), osisi na-eto eto, na-akọrọ ụdị succulent.

Saltmarshes okpomọkụ osisi kpuchie dị ka halophilic na succulent osisi na osisi (e.g., Tamarix, Nitraria) na-enwe kwa afọ Salsola (e.g., Salsola, sweda).

Osisi okpomọkụ desert metụtara phytocenoses oases, nnukwu osimiri ndagwurugwu na deltas, ndị budata dị iche iche na ndị ọzọ na umu. N'ihi na ndagwurugwu nke osimiri nke ebe okpomọkụ na mpaghara e ji nkwụ, oleanders.

mmiri mpe - a oké nsogbu niile osisi nke desert, otú ke N'ezie evolushọn, ha amụtala na imeghari ka oge okochi.