Estuary - a obere warara n'ọnụ mmiri

N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-elekwasị anya na estuaries. Gịnị ka ọ bụ? Gịnị ka ihe nke estuary? Ugwu ugwu teren nke oké osimiri mgbe ọ bụghị ezigbo, na ukwuu jupụtara na nkume, na-akpata guzobere nnukwu na obere bays, dị ka laguunu na estuary. Nke a na okwu a sụgharịrị na Grik ka a ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri ma ọ bụ n'ọnụ mmiri. Otú ọ dị, bays, nke na-akpọ n'ụzọ dị otú a, nwere ụfọdụ pụrụ iche atụmatụ. Ya mere, ihe ndị ha bụ?

Gịnị bụ ihe estuary?

Na ọdịdị mbara ala, a okwu na-ezo aka a warara, elongated na-emighị emi n'ọnụ mmiri. Ọ na-guzobere n'ihi nke ẹsụhọde nke foreshore. Mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị, ndị estuary amalite ikewapụ si n'oké osimiri nke ájá, ma ọ bụ gbuo asu. N'etiti isi mmiri, na a obere n'ọnụ mmiri nwekwara ike kpụrụ na-emighị emi mmiri mpaghara, na na ikpe nke zuru ezu nkewa si n'oké osimiri estuary ọdọ na-egosi na n'ebe-ya. Ndị a bays na ahụkarị ke edere edere na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na nsotu nile nke Azov na Black n'oké osimiri. Ha nwere ike na-emeghe, nke a na-akpọ "egbugbere ọnụ" na-emechi na igbuasu.

Otú ọ dị, ọ bụghị ihe niile dị warara na-emighị emi bays na-akpọ estuaries. N'ebe niile si malite na bays estuary na mbụ mere ndokwa estuaries nke osimiri, nke na-ugbu a idei mmiri n'akụkụ oké osimiri. Ọ bụrụ na ị na-map, mnozhno kwuru na niile estuaries nwere serpentine udi. Nke a nwere ya nkọwa. Ọ bụrụ na ndị asọfe osimiri ndagwurugwu, estuary ewe n'otu ụdị ahụ, dị ka nke ọma dị ka na-amịkọrọ na ndagwurugwu nke ya tributaries. Ogo salinity nke estuary bụ onye n'etiti, midway n'etiti ọhụrụ mmiri osimiri na mmiri nnu nke oké osimiri. Otú ọ dị, n'ihi na anọghị ma ọ bụ ezughi oke ibu nke osimiri mmiri ọdịda nwere ike ezughi oke, na estuary ngwa ngwa site na evaporation-aghọ nnọọ nnu.

Si n'elu anyị nwere ike iru nkwubi okwu banyere si malite na ike nke ndị a estestestvennyh bays, nakwa dị ka kọwaa ha. N'ihi ya, estuary - ọ kpụrụ a warara na elongated ke ala esịmde nke Gulf. A, ha N'ala ọgaranya na-agwọ ọrịa apịtị eji na nkà mmụta ọgwụ maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọrịa dị iche iche nke nweekwa na ụjọ usoro.

Olee uru apịtị kpụrụ na ala nke estuary?

The mmiri emechi estuaries, ntụgharị na estuary ọdọ mmiri, ihe karịrị oge, na-amalite ịzụlite kpọmkwem microorganisms. A saline na ala na ala nke na-esite brine na-edebe ájá black mmanu mmanu fọduru esịnede residues ndị a microorganisms. Ọ mejupụtara ígwè sulfide na colloidal ígwè oxides. Ndị a estuary apịtị nwere ọgwụ Njirimara, otú ha na-ọtụtụ-eji nkà mmụta ọgwụ maka ọgwụgwọ nke dị iche iche ọrịa. Ha na-edebe Magnesia, sọlfọ na ndị ọzọ na salts formations. Nke a mere dị ka a N'ihi nke fluctuations na salinity na estuaries emechi. Ájá nnu ego nwere ike a ọkpụrụkpụ nke ọtụtụ iri puku kwuru iri mita. Ndị a lagoons pụrụ ịchọta ụsọ oké osimiri nke peninshula nke Crimea (na Saki, Sasykskom na n'ebe ndị ọzọ) na Dnipropetrovsk, ụsọ oké osimiri nke Odessa.

Lyman ọdọ

Mgbe Black Sea n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Crimea nso obodo Olenovka bụ a ọdọ na a ji mara na-akpọ Liman. Ọ bụghị ike maa na ọ bụ na mbido nke estuary, na e guzobere n'ihi nke idei mmiri nke osimiri ndagwurugwu nke oké osimiri. Nke a na-esite nwere ebe 0.4 km². Ogologo ya dị 1.6 m, obosara - 1.2 km. Lyman Lake bụ iche malite n'ọnụ mmiri Karadzhin warara igbuasu. N'oge, ọ dịghị onye osimiri, nke ga-asọpụta na asọpụta nke ọdọ. Eri ya sediments na mmiri nke oké osimiri, ya mere, dabere na oge nke afọ, ya omimi àmà site 40 cm na 1 mita. The oyi akwa nke sludge, nke dabeere na ala nke ọdọ nwere nnukwu ọnụọgụ nke mineralization. N'oge okpomọkụ oge e nwere windsurfing asọmpi. E wezụga Crimea ọdọ Liman, aha bear na ndị ọzọ na obere ọdọ mmiri. Dị ka ihe atụ, e nwere a ọdọ nke otu aha na Kharkiv na Kherson mpaghara.

Aha estuaries

• Dniester estuary (Odessa mpaghara). Guzobere ọnụ nke osimiri Dniester na confluence nke Black Sea. Site n'ụzọ, mbụ ya aha - Ovid ọdọ.
• Anadyr estuary. Nke a bụ aha nke Gulf of Anadyr na ndị Bering Sea.
• Khadzhibei estuary. Ọ na-emi odude ke edem edere-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Oké Osimiri Ojii nso Odessa. Obosara ya bụ banyere 5 km.
• Akọrọ estuary. Ọ na-emi odude na Black Sea n'ụsọ oké osimiri, dị ka nke ọma dị ka Dnestrovsky, nso Odessa. On ya n'ikpere mmiri dị na mmiri n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Ilyichevsk. Site n'ụzọ, na nke ikpeazụ na-anwụ anwụ autobiographical ọrụ nwa afọ nke dike-obodo nke Odessa Soviet dere Valentin Kataev bụ akụkọ "akọrọ estuary."

Settlements, kpọkwasịrị aha Lyman

Nke a aha na Russian, na-akpọ ndị dị iche iche gburugburu ụwa. Ka ihe atụ, na Republic of Azerbaijan (Lankaran mpaghara) na Wyoming (USA) bụ obodo a kpọkwasịrị aha Lyman. Settlements na otu aha adị Astrakhan, Voronezh na Rostov n'ógbè, na Stavropol region (Russian Federation), nakwa dị ka na Ukraine: Kharkov, Kherson na n'ebe ndị ọzọ.

ọgwụgwụ

Ya mere, site n'elu, ọ bịara doo anya na estuary - a-emighị emi nnu Cove ma ọ bụ n'ọnụ mmiri, nke e guzobere na ndagwurugwu nke osimiri downstream (na saịtị nke ọnụ) dị ka a n'ihi nke idei mmiri nke osimiri ndagwurugwu nke oké osimiri. A eke n'ọnụ mmiri nwere ike ịbụ na-emeghe, kpọmkwem ohere oké osimiri ma ọ bụ nwere ike iche iche site interspersing oké osimiri. Ọ bụrụ na ndị estuary kpamkpam kewapụrụ n'ebe ndị oké osimiri, ọ na-enyo n'ime a ọdọ estuary malite. Ihe kasị akụ na ụba nke mmiri a na-agwọ apịtị na-amịpụtara si ha ala, otú ahụ n'ụsọ oké osimiri estuary ọdọ mmiri dị sanatoriums na clinics na-enye a dịgasị iche iche nke ma curative na mgbochi ọrụ maka onye ọ bụla. Year-gburugburu na ndị a ike emmepe na-emeso ndị mmadụ dị iche iche na ahụ ike problemai. Site n'ụzọ, otu n'ime ndị na-egosi bụ infertility. Ha na-ekwu na Crimea apịtị nwere ike na-arụ ọrụ ebube, na ọtụtụ ndị inyom, na-enwe a ọgwụgwọ na iji estuary apịtị, n'ikpeazụ ighota ọṅụ nke nne.