Gịnị bụ nuclear anọ na?

The ite mmeghachi omume - a nuclear mmeghachi omume n'etiti ìhè nuclei eru na nnọọ elu okpomọkụ (ukwuu karịa 108 K). N'ihi ya a nnukwu ego nke ike n'ụdị nke elu ike neutrons na photons egosi - ìhè ahụ.

High okpomọkụ, na N'ihi nnukwu ume nuclei nke ikukota mkpa iji merie electrostatic mgbochi. Nke a na ihe mgbochi na-kpatara ibe repulsion nke nuclei (dị ka dị ka-ebubo ahụ). Ma ọ bụghị na ha ga-enwe ike iji nweta nso a anya zuru ezu maka nuclear ike (nke bụ ihe 10-12 cm).

The ite mmeghachi omume bụ guzobe nuclei nke na-ike-tinyere onye ọ bụla ọzọ, nke looser. Fọrọ nke nta niile ndị a Jeremaya mere bụ Jeremaya mere, nke anọ na (anọ na) Mkpa ọkụ nuclei na arọ.

The kinetic ike a chọrọ iji merie ibe repulsion na-amụba na-abawanye na nuclear ụgwọ. Ya mere kacha aga anọ na nke ìhè nuclei enwe obere eletriki ụgwọ.

Na ọdịdị, na anọ na mmeghachi omume nwere ike ime naanị na interiors nke kpakpando. N'ihi ya, mmejuputa iwu n'okpuru terrestrial ọnọdụ a ga-ewe iwe dị ọkụ umi na otu nke na o kwere omume ụzọ:

• a nuclear mgbawa;
• ufiop doo nke bombardment ahụ;
• ike laser usu ma ọ bụ na-gas agbapụta n'ahụ.

Ite mmeghachi omume, nke bụ n'ime ime nke kpakpando, na arụ orụ a paramount ọrụ na na mmalite nke eluigwe na ala. Firstly, si hydrogen nuclei na kpakpando na-guzobere n'ọdịnihu chemical ọcha, na abuo, onye ike isi iyi kpakpando.

The ite mmeghachi omume na Sun

Na anyanwụ dị ka isi ike iyi protrude proton-proton mmeghachi omume okirikiri mgbe anọ protons mụrụ otu ntọala nke helium. The ike nke a na-tọhapụrụ n'oge njikọ, a na-ebu pụọ site na-akpụ nuclei, neutron, neutrinos na quanta nke akpa radieshon. Im neutrinos abịa site anyanwụ iyi, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị nwere ike ikpebi na ọdịdị na intesnivnost nuclear Jeremaya mere na-erukwa ya center.

The nkezi ike nke ume nke anyanwụ site n'ụwa ụkpụrụ bụ negligible - na 2 erg / s * g (1 gram nke anyanwụ uka). Nke a bara uru dị nnọọ obere karịa ndị na-agba electrowinning na vivo n'oge ọkọlọtọ metabolism. Naanị n'ihi na nnukwu ibu nke Sun (1033 g 2) The ngụkọta ike nwetara site na ha bụ a ezigbo uru dị ka 4 * 1028 watts.

N'ihi na nnukwu size na uka nke anyanwụ na ndị ọzọ na kpakpando, na plasma njigide nsogbu ya na ihe kwes mkpuchi bụ kwesịrị: Jeremaya mere eme na-ekpo ọkụ isi, na okpomọkụ nyefe emee na a oyi n'elu. Dị nnọọ otú ahụ kpakpando nwere ike ike dị ka rụọ ọrụ nke ọma na ndị dị otú a adịghị ewe usoro, dị ka ndị proton-proton okirikiri. Na terrestrial ọnọdụ, ndị dị otú ahụ Jeremaya mere adịghị apụtakarị.

Fusion ike - ndabere nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu

On mbara ala anyị, ọ na-eme uche na-etinye na-eji nanị ndị kasị dị irè anọ na Jeremaya mere - karịsịa njikọ nke helium na tritium nuclei Leiter. Omume dị otú ahụ na a dịtụ ukwuu na-apụtakarị ihe otú anya naanị na ule ntiwapụ nke hydrogen bombs. Otú ọ dị, mgbe niile na-eduzi niile ọhụrụ tolite iji ihe n'ụzọ dị irè na-emepụta a udo ike. Ot nuklia ike utilizes na ire ere mmeghachi omume, dị ka ọ na a ite ume aka njikọ. Na ngwakọta okpukpe a mmeghachi omume nwere ọtụtụ uru n'elu mmeghachi omume nke nuclear fission.

1. Mgbe anọ na Jeremaya mere na ọ na-pụrụ izere ikpughe radieshon dị ka onye ike ngwaahịa na nke a bụ a "dị ọcha" ike nke ìhè.

2. Site na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke natara ike ite Filiks anya outperform ot nuclear mmeghachi omume, nke na-eji oge a na ngwa agha.

3. Iji nọgide na-enwe mmeghachi omume nke nuclear fission, na-achọ mgbe nile na nlekota nke neutron agbanwe oge, ma ọ bụ ike ga-esochi na-achịkwaghị achịkwa ihe mkpalite, egwu ndi mmadu. N'ihi na anọ na ike ndị e ji kama nke elu okpomọkụ neutron agbanwe oge, Otú ọ dị otú ahụ dị ize ndụ na-apụ n'anya.

4. The mmanụ ụgbọala maka ite Jeremaya mere harmlessly, dị ka megide decomposition ngwaahịa mmanụ ụgbọala nke nuclear ngwa agha.

Ọ bụghị otú ahụ ogologo oge gara aga, American ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na-enwe ike ike a na-arụ ọrụ ihe nlereanya nke a ite mmeghachi omume nke na-ike mmepụta nke a narị ugboro ume. Ọ bụ a ọma ngwa n'ihi na n'ihu ọma "n'ịchịkwa" nke anọ na ike.