Gịnị bụ okooko osisi? The aha nke ubi okooko osisi. Biology: okooko osisi (Ọdịdị)

okooko ngalaba bụ a nnukwu klas nke osisi na-etolite nile ndụ ya nkpirikpi pụrụ iche gbanwetụrụ Ome - okooko osisi. N'ụzọ dị iche na vegetative akụkụ (mgbọrọgwụ, epupụta na Ome), ha, tinyere osisi na mkpụrụ osisi, ịrụ oké mkpa ịmụ ọmụmụ ọrụ. N'isiokwu a, anyị ga-ele anya na a ole na ole dị oké njọ isiokwu, gụnyere Ọdịdị nke ifuru na ya isi akụkụ nke ọrụ. Anyị ga-atụle ihe ndị okooko osisi, ha na-nkewa na si dị iche na onye ọ bụla ọzọ.

Biology: okooko osisi. The Ọdịdị na ọrụ nke azuokokoosisi

Na ọdịdị, e nwere oké dịgasị iche iche nke agba, dị iche iche onye ọ bụla ọzọ Ọdịdị, na agba na size. Onye ọ bụla n'ime ha bụ mma na mgbe ya onwe ya. Ọkà tụlee ifuru dị ka a mgbagwoju ngwa dị mkpa maka mkpụrụ amụba. Ke ofụri ofụri okwu, ọ mejupụtara atọ akụkụ:

• azuokokoosisi (awụnye pedicel);
• efere (petals, sepals);
• ịmụ ọmụmụ (pistil (s), stamens).

Ifuru bụ mmasị na n'elu nke ụzọ mgbapụ na-enyemaka nke ndị peduncle - pụrụ iche elongated organelle, n'ihu nke azuokokoosisi.

Na okooko osisi nke ụfọdụ osisi ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka sunflower, ọka, willow, plantain, klova ifuru stalk na o siri ike kwesiri ngosi ruru ha ike shortening. The awụnye saịtị - elu, wider akụkụ nke ifuru stalk - ndokwa calyx, stamens pistils na corolla (onye ma ọ bụ ọtụtụ). Awụnye nwere ike dị iche iche nha na nwere a dị iche iche udi - convex (utu), ewepụghị (camomile), concave (rosehips, cherị) ma ọ bụ elongated (avens).

Mpempe akwụkwọ nke ifuru

Calyx bụ a aru esịnede kpụgharịa epupụta (sepals). Ya isi ọrụ bụ iji chebe esịtidem akụkụ nke a ifuru tupu blooming buds. Calyx razdelnolistnoy nwere ike ma (ma ọ bụrụ na ndị sepals kewara) ma ọ bụ gamophyllous (ma ọ bụrụ na ha na-gwakọtara). Corolla bụ ihe kasị doro anya, a ma ama na akụkụ nke ifuru. Ọ mejupụtara petals si okooko osisi na dị iche iche osisi nwere ike ịdị iche na nke na udi (tubular, mgbịrịgba ekara, bugharia, na itinyekwu al.) Ndien agba?. Isi ọrụ nke ulo-ǹdò-- nchedo pistil na stamens si oghom gburugburu ebe obibi na ọnọdụ na-adọta ụmụ ahụhụ na pollinators. Corolla na calyx nke ifuru elu mkpuchite, nke na-akpọ perianth. Ọ nwere ike ịdị mfe, esịnede a yiri free intergrows ma ọ bụ epupụta, ma ọ bụ mgbagwoju, n'ụzọ doro anya ọdịiche dị na corolla na calyx, nke dị iche budata onye ọ bụla ọzọ na-aba na na agba. Simple perianth dị maka lily nke ndagwurugwu na tulips, na mgbagwoju - mgbịrịgba, carnations, petunias na cherị. E okooko osisi na kpamkpam nke na-enweghị kwuru mmewere, na-akpọ ha gba ọtọ (willow, ash). Ugbu a na ị maara ihe bụ okooko osisi si ele ihe anya nke Ọdịdị nke ahụ corolla na calyx. Ọzọ, anyị ga-agwa banyere akụkụ nke ifuru, ndị na-ebu omumu ọrụ.

Ịmụ ọmụmụ akụkụ nke ifuru

Stamens na pistils - kasị mkpa akụkụ nke a ifuru. Ha na-na center. Stamens mere ndokwa na otu ma ọ bụ karịa okirikiri nso n'ime onu perianth na iso nke filaments na anther nke pollen na-emepụta. Pistil mejupụtara 3 akụkụ: kọlụm, ihere na ovary. Nke ikpeazụ nwere na ovules, nke na-egosi mgbe njikọta mkpụrụ ahụ. Ọtụtụ osisi nwere a pistil na stamens nwere ọtụtụ - si atọ ka a na ọgu iri. Ha na-akpọ bisexual. Ụfọdụ na agba, dị ka Cannes, e nwere naanị otu stamen. E nwere osisi na-bụ ugbu ma stamens ma ọ bụ pistils. Ndị a na-akpọ otu nwoke na nwanyị - staminate ma ọ bụ pistillate. Ụfọdụ na agba ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka cornflower na sunflower n'ozuzu na e nweghị onye ọ bụ nke ọzọ ahụ. Ya mere, ha na-akpọ asexual. Gịnị bụ ndị na agba na nke a? The osisi na n'out oge nwere ma staminate na pistillate okooko osisi na-akpọ monoecious. Anọchitekwa anya nke otu a na-ugu, akpu, kukumba, ọka. Ọ bụrụ na nwoke na nwanyị okooko osisi na-na dị iche iche ndị mmadụ n'otu n'otu (ufodu), osisi na-akpọ dioecious. Ihe Nlereanya nke ndị dị otú ahụ bụ willow, poplar, oké osimiri-buckthorn.

The dịgasị iche iche nke agba

N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na dị iche iche nke osisi gbanwetụrụ Ome, igosi na ịmụ ọmụmụ ọrụ, nwere a yiri Ọdịdị, o doro anya na ha nwere ike ịdị iche iche nke ukwuu. Ha size nwere ike ịdị iche iche site a millimeter (y duckweeds) na ruo otu mita n'obosara. Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị akpali ụdị osisi bụ ebe okpomọkụ Rafflesia. Ọ bụ ya kasị okooko osisi na ụwa, nke emit a na-asọ oyi isi nke rere ere anụ. Osisi ndị ọzọ, dị ka ubi Jasmine, rose, lily nke ndagwurugwu, exude a obi ụtọ okpukpo. Nke a nwayọọ, na-atọ ụtọ e mere site akpan akpan mkpa mmanụ, nke na-guzobere na mkpụrụ ndụ nke epidermal oyi akwa nke petals na perianth. Okooko osisi nke ọtụtụ osisi na-nyere na pụrụ iche mara mma na-enye ndị mmadụ aesthetic ụtọ. Otu n'ime ndị kasị mara mma okooko osisi na e weere biliri orchid.

agba? ndị petals

Ka anyị lee ihe na-ifuru na agba. Ndò nke ha petals ime ka ọ bụghị nanị na chromoplasts, kamakwa pụrụ iche e ji esiji ákwà - pigments cell sap. Ka ihe atụ, anthocyanin ekpebi pink, red, acha anụnụ anụnụ ma ọ bụ violet na agba corolla antofein - aja aja, carotenoids - odo, red na oroma, wdg-akpali mmasị, petal agba nwere ike ịgbanwe n'oge ụbọchị -., Dabere na acidity nke cell sap. Dị ka ihe atụ, okooko nke osisi Victoria amazonica mgbanwe na agba site na anya-na-acha ọcha na Pink na mgbe ahụ ka red.
White petal agba (n'ihi na ihe atụ, udara, okooko lili, apple) kpebisiri ike site na-anọghị nke pigments na echiche nke ìhè ụzarị. Enwere nwa? Ọ dịghị, nke a abụghị a ink na petals. Ọchịchịrị na agba bụ ọchịchịrị-acha odo odo jupụta ma ọ bụ condensed maroon shades.

OKOOKO ọhịa

E nwere ihe dị ọkara nde dị iche iche nke oké ọhịa na ubi osisi. Ma naanị 290 n'ime ha na e kọwara, na nwetara aha ya. Kemgbe oge ochie, ọhịa okooko osisi (foto na-egosi ha di iche iche) e ji mee ihe maka mmepụta nke ọgwụgwọ. Ihe ijuanya, ebe ọ bụ na ọtụtụ n'ime ha nwere agwọ Njirimara. The kasị pụta ìhè nnochite anya bụ: cornflower, daisy, poppy, hey, dandelions, Violets, ichefu-m. Cornflowers - nke a bụ nnọọ mara mma okooko osisi na-egbuke egbuke-acha anụnụ anụnụ. Ha na-eto eto na ọka wit n'ubi. Field poppies kwụpụta maka ha bara ọgaranya red, "ọkụ" petals. Hụrụ tinyere roadsides, ohere iputa nza, ma karịsịa nkịtị ke steppes. Field chamomile nwere a mara mma ifuru na a odo isi na-acha ọcha petals. Chamomile ọtụtụ-eji na ọgwụgwọ nke ọtụtụ ọrịa, gụnyere ọgwụgwọ nke eriri afọ, imeju, na akpịrị na-edeghị ede oghere.

Forest okooko osisi. Gịnị na agba na-snowdrops?

The kasị ama okooko osisi na-eto eto n'ime oké ọhịa, bụ anemone, St. Jọn wort, okooko lili, snowdrops, nkịtị sọrel na ndị ọzọ. Ha mma doo onye na-enweghị mmasị. Ma ndị kasị siri nile di iche iche nke oké ọhịa ifuru alaeze a snowdrop. Ọ na mbụ na-egosi na thawed, ogologo-agbaze snow, na-anọchi anya ọbịbịa nke opupu ihe ubi. Ị maara ihe na agba na-snowdrops?

Ọtụtụ mgbe, ndị a nwayọọ primroses nwere ọcha mgbịrịgba ekara petals. Ma, e nwere a acha anụnụ anụnụ, na ọbụna-acha anụnụ anụnụ. Genus snowdrops agụnye banyere abụọ na iri na abuo umu, ndị kasị mara n'etiti ha na-atụle Galanthus nivalis, snowdrop naa, Kọkeshịan na ndị ọzọ. Ha na-eto dị ka na penumbra, n'okpuru kanopi nke osisi na osisi.

Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị oké ọnụ ahịa ọhịa osisi na-atụle ga St. Jọn wort. Mụta na ọ pụrụ ịbụ na branched gị kwuo na ovate-oblong mpempe akwụkwọ na-enwe a eji ire ụtọ elu. Nke a herbaceous perennial okooko osisi na-egbuke egbuke-acha odo odo. St. Jọn wort na-eji na nkà mmụta ọgwụ dị ka ihe mgbochi mkpali, antimicrobial na hemostatic n'ụlọnga.

N'ogige mara mma okooko osisi

Garden okooko osisi - a nnukwu ìgwè ornamental osisi, nke na-iji icho mma anyị na ndụ anyị ennoble Ala ubi. Ha nwere ike nkewa dị ka ụfọdụ kwa. Ka ihe atụ, n'ogige okooko osisi na-na-ekewa atọ subgroups - annuals, biennials na perennials. Site na-adịghị okomoko na n'otu oge na-egbuke egbuke ma mara mma annuals na-ahụta ka a pansy, marigold (Calendula), alyssum, nasturtium. Perennials - a ji achọ okooko osisi na-ejigide ha magburu onwe Njirimara maka ọtụtụ afọ. Ha bụ ezigbo maka ọ bụla ubi, ọ dịghị achọ kwa afọ transplantation na oké njọ na-elekọta. Gịnị bụ okooko osisi? The aha nke a kacha mara amara perennials ndị dị ka ndị :. Astilbe, bilie, peony, saxifrage, daylily, campion, crocus, daffodil, tulip, wdg The kasị mma-mara perennial ọkụkụ na-ahụta ka daisies, Viola, Turkish ariara, foxglove, hollyhock, etc ..