Hypothyroidism: ịrịba ama

Hypothyroidism - a ọnọdụ ebe thyroid gland bụghị a zuru ezu ego nke homonụ emepụta. Ayodiin erughi na-aha dị ka ndị kasị akpata hypothyroidism, ma nke a ọnọdụ nwere ike mere site na ọtụtụ ihe ndị ọzọ. Siri ike hypothyroidism na ụmụaka na-eduga ná cretinism, okenye - ọrịa myxedema (hụrụ ọzịza nke akụkụ na anụ ahụ). N'ihi na oge mbụ ọrịa a na-a ọnọdụ a kọwara na 1873. Taa, ọ na-adịghị-atụle ga-ọrịa kpọmkwem ọnọdụ nke ahụ, na-enwe aha hypothyroidism. Mgbaàmà-emekarị-akwụsị mgbe ya chefuo efu homonụ.

Ebe ọ bụ na mgbaàmà nke hypothyroidism bụ nonspecific na kara nká, ndị dọkịta na-adịghị mgbe niile setịpụrụ n'ụzọ ziri ezi chọpụtara, na-ekwu na nsogbu ndị na ọrịa ndị ọzọ na ike ọgwụgwụ. Ha na-adịghị gwara a ọbara ule iji chọpụta larịị nke homonụ thyroid, n'ihi na ha adịghị ịchọpụta hypothyroidism. Mgbaàmà n'ebe a na selata nke niile metabolic n'ibu.

E nwere atọ ụdị nke na hypothyroidism. Primary hypothyroidism - kasị nkịtị ụdị, bụ ihe autoimmune uwa, ọ na-ebilite n'ihi nke ọgwụgwọ na redioaktivu ayodiin maka hyperthyroidism. Secondary - pituitary (n'ihi mmerụ, etuto ahụ, radieshon ma ọ bụ ịwa ahụ) anaghị ike zuru ezu larịị thyroid na-akpali akpali hormone, thyroid mmepụta nke wetere achọrọ nọmba nke thyroxine na triiodothyronine. Tertiary - hypothalamus ghara emepụta zuru ezu thyrotropin-atọhapụ hormone, hypothalamic-pituitary ebilite hypothyroidism.

Ná mmalite nkebi mgbaàmà ma ọ bụ na ha anọghị a obere mara na hypothyroidism. Mgbaàmà nke ọnọdụ ga-ekewa 4 iche iche: n'oge, mbubreyo, ọhụrụ na ihe e ji mara subclinical hypothyroidism. Early ogbo na-esonyere ụba uche oyi, afọ ntachi, ibu ibu, ọmụmụ njigide, bradycardia, ike ọgwụgwụ, na-ebelata ọsụsọ na-agba, muscle cramps na nkwonkwo mgbu, akọrọ akpụkpọ oko, na mkpa kenkuwa mbọ, ngwa ngwa echiche nlereanya, ịda mbà n'obi, hypotension, muscle, nne na infertility, ịhụ nsọ nsogbu, hyperprolactinemia na galactorrhea, mụbara larịị nke cholesterol ke iyịp.

Ozizi nke anụ ahụ na akụkụ bụ ugbua na ihe dị elu ogbo ji hypothyroidism. Mgbaàmà na-eso a na ogbo: abawanye na thyroid gland (goiter), onye na-adịghị ekwu okwu ma a keolu mgbaka, na-agbasa olu (ụda olu na-na-agbanwe agbanwe n'ihi na edema Reinke - ọzịza nke akwara ụda olu ruru ka ìgwè ọmụmụ). Ọzọkwa e ji mara edematous akọrọ akpụkpọ (karịsịa ihu), Hertoghe ịrịba ama (thinning ma ọ bụ ọnwụ nke elu atọ nke iku anya), ndiiche ịhụ nsọ okirikiri, ala basal ahu okpomọkụ ịda mbà n'obi.

Hypothyroidism bụkwa ihe ọhụrụ mgbaàmà. Nke a na ebe nchekwa impairment, cognitive ọrụ nke ụbụrụ na inattention. Ngwa ngwa usu, ECG mgbanwe, a ọnụ ke gbasara obi mmepụta na-ebelata contractility nke obi muscle. Mere hypoglycemia, umengwụ na-aghọ nkọ, ọnwụ nke ntutu isi. Anaemia e mere site mebiri haemoglobin njikọ, ihe isi ike ilo dyspnoea, hypersomnia, ogwe na ọnọdụ mgbanwe, gbasara akụrụ odida na a ọnụ ke glomerular filtration ọnụego, yellowing nke anụ n'ihi imebi n'ịtụgharị beta-carotene, nnukwu psychosis, ọnwụ nke libido na ndị ikom na na njikọ na mebiri nke testosterone njikọ, anosmia, gynecomastia, ntị ochichi, asụsụ extensions. Na elu kasịnụ nke thyroid hormone na nkịtị ịta nke thyroxine na triiodothyronine emee subclinical hypothyroidism. Diagnosis nke a ọnọdụ site na iji ukwuu mwute ụzọ.

Ndị na-ogbenye thyroid ọrụ na-ekwesịghị-gụnyere ihe oriri gị goitrogens (goitrogenic bekee). Nke a eke umi dị na ụfọdụ ngwaahịa na gbochie mmepụta nke thyroid homonụ. Ha na-emekarị iwesa oriri: brọkọlị, kabeeji, kọlịflawa, akwụkwọ nri, radishes, soybeans, ahụekere, pine mkpụrụ, peach na millet. Ọtụtụ ndị ọkachamara ahụ ike kwere na-esi nri nwere ike inactivate goitrogens. Ọ bụ ezie na ndị a na ngwaahịa na-enye ọtụtụ uru n'ihi na a mma oriri, ma zobogenny nwere ga eme ndị mmadụ nọ n'ihe ize ndụ. Ndị a bụ ndị nwere a akụkọ ezinụlọ nke hypothyroidism, ma ọ bụ ndị na-ama na e kwuru na ọ bụ ihe mgbaàmà, nakwa dị ka ndị inyom na-eru nso menopause. Na-eri nri na hypothyroidism ga-ahọ: zere goitrogens pụrụ ibelata ihe mgbaàmà nke hypothyroidism.