Ike kacha ike roket na ụwa. Ballistic agha "Satan". agụ nkwọ Arọ

Na nkera nke abụọ nke April 2000, Russia ratified nkwekọrịta bụ onye zuru ban na ụdị ule nke ngwá agha nuklia. N'ụwa taa nke Agha Nzuzo na ọ bụghị a nnukwu ihe, ya mere na ọnụnọ nke usoro-agha nwere kpọmkwem mkpa. O sina dị, ha na-agaghị hapụrụ kpamkpam, na burugodị na Russia nwere ike kacha ike na ụwa-klas "n'elu-to-ikuku" agha R-36M, nke na West nyere a egwu aha "Satan".

Description ballistic agha

Ike kacha ike roket R-36M na ụwa e tinyere n'ime ọrụ na 1975. Na 1983 ọ nọ na-etinye n'ime mmepe nke ihe kwalite version nke agha - R-36M2, nke a na-akpọ "Voivod". New nlereanya R-36M2 a na-ewere ihe ndị kasị ike n'ụwa. Arọ ya esịmde abụọ na narị abụọ tọn, na ya nwere ike tụnyere naanị na ihe oyiyi nke Liberty. The agha nwere ihe ịrịba ike ibibi: mwepụta nke a agha nkewa ga-enwe otu mmetụta dị ka iri na atọ na puku bọmbụ atọm yiri ndị na Hiroshima. Ke adianade do, ndị kasị dị ike nuclear agha ga-adị njikere ịmalite na a ole na ole sekọnd, ọbụna mgbe ọtụtụ afọ nke umu ihe nche mgbagwoju.

Njirimara P-36M2

Rọketi R-36M2 nwere ngụkọta nke iri warheads na homing ọrụ, ike nke ọ bụla nke bụ 750 KT. Iji mee ka ọ ghọtakwuo otú ike na-ebibi ihe ike nke ngwá agha ndị a, ị ga-eji tụnyere ya na bọmbụ na Hiroshima. Ya ike bụ naanị 13-18 kilotons. Ike kacha ike Russian agha nwere a nso nke 11,000 kilomita. R-36M2 - a rọketi, dabere na nke m, na ọ bụ ugbu a na Russian ngwá.

Ike kacha ike ballistic agha

Intercontinental agha "Satan" nwere a arọ nke 211 tọn. Ọ na-agba ngwa agha mmalite na nwere a abụọ na-ogbo mgbanye. Solid mmanụ ụgbọala na mbụ ogbo mmiri mmiri-manu na - na abụọ. Nyere nke a karịsịa rọketi emepụta mere mgbanwe ụfọdụ, n'ihi na a rọketi igba egbe ibu nọgidere otu, vibratory ibu a na-enwe ná mmalite, na-ebelata, na ike nwere na-abawanye. Ballistic agha "Satan" nwere ndị na-esonụ akụkụ: ogologo - 34,6 mita n'obosara - 3 mita. Nke a bụ nnọọ ngwá agha dị ike, ọgụ agha ibu sitere na site 8.8 10 tọn, na o obubata nwere a nso nke ruo 16 puku kilomita.

Nke a bụ zuru okè set nke agha na-azara ọnụ, nke e nwere na onwe ha onye ọ bụla ọzọ onwe targetable warheads na decoys usoro. "Satan" P-36M dị ka ụwa kasị dị ike rọketi, metụtara ndị klas "n'elu-to-ikuku", e depụtara na Guinness Book of Records. Onye Okike bụ a ngwá agha dị ike M. Yangel. Isi nzube nke imewe Bureau n'okpuru idu ndú ya bụ mmepe nke iche iche agha nke ga-enwe ike ịrụ a nọmba nke ọrụ ma na-enwe oké ike ibibi. Ikpe ikpe site àgwà nke akụ ụta, ha nagide ha ọrụ.

Gịnị mere "Satan"

Agha usoro, kere site Soviet-emepụta na na-na-ebu Russia, "Satan" a na-akpọ ndị America. Na 1973, n'oge nke mbụ ule, ndị agha aghọwo ike kacha ike ballistic usoro, na-enweghị atụ na ihe ọ bụla ngwá agha nuklia n'oge. Mgbe e kere eke nke "Setan" Soviet Union ike agaghịkwa iche banyere ngwá agha. The mbụ version nke agha e kpọrọ SS-18, a gbanwetụrụ version nke R-36M2 "Voivod" e mepụtara na na 80s. Against a ngwá agha nwere ike ime ihe ọ bụla ọbụna n'oge a American agha agbachitere usoro. Na 1991, tupu ida nke USSR, CB "Southern" ise-emana agha usoro oru ngo e mere "Icarus" R-36M3, ma ọ dịghị e.

Ugbu a arọ ise-emana akụ ụta nọ na Russia. Na nke a ngwá agha ga-nyekwara ndị kasị ọhụrụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na nkà na ụzụ rụzuru. Ma gị mkpa nwere oge ruo mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke 2014, n'ihi na oge ga-eru nso kagbuo ọzọ pụrụ ịtụkwasị obi, ma ihe mgbe ochie "Governor". Kenkwucha na teknuzu chọrọ, achikota site Ministry of Defense na emeputa nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu Intercontinental ballistic agba, ọhụrụ mgbagwoju ga-etinye n'ime ọrụ na 2018. Ihe e kere eke nke rọketi ga-aku na Kaiser Center Makeyev na Chelyabinsk mpaghara. Ndị ọkachamara na-ekwu na ihe ndị ọhụrụ agha usoro bụ ike-ekwe nkwa iji merie ọ bụla agha na-azara ọnụ, gụnyere ohere ujo echelon.

Booster agụ nkwọ Arọ

Ilọn Musk (Ilọn Musk), onye-isi mmebe na CEO nke Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX), ẹkenam on April 6 Ịrụcha nkọwa na igba egbe ụbọchị aha ya bụ ike kacha ike igba egbe ụgbọala agụ nkwọ Arọ na ụwa. Nke a media ga-abụ ihe kasị dị ike ohere rọketi na ụwa, na-adọkpụrụ naanị na-oru ọnwa rọketi Saturn V. The ọhụrụ igba egbe ụgbọala - bụ a kpam kpam ọhụrụ ohere ọchịchị na azụmahịa na-ebupụta. The mbụ igba egbe nke agụ nkwọ Arọ na-zubere maka 2014 na a ga-emejuputa atumatu si spaceport na Cape Canaveral.

Ebumnobi bụ isi nke abụọ na-ogbo rọketi agụ nkwọ Arọ bụ na ndọrọ ego nke Satellites na orbit na interplanetary ugboelu erikpu n'elu 53 tọn. Nke ahụ bụ n'ezie na-ajụ nwere ike ịkpọlite ndị orbit nke ụwa bụ n'ụzọ zuru ezu loaded liner "Boeing" na-arụ ọrụ, akpa, njem na zuru tankị nke manu. Akpa ogbo nke rọketi mejupụtara atọ blocks, ọ bụla nke nwere itoolu Motors. Na US Congress-arụrịta ụka banyere na yiri ka ike ọbụna ndị ọzọ dị ike akụ ụta nke ga-enwe ike malite na 70-130 tọn payload. SpaceX ụlọ ọrụ na-anọchite anya kwetara na ọ dị mkpa na-chepụta ma wuo a roket na-enwe ike ịrụ a ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ọzọ na Mars manned akara.

ọgwụgwụ

-Ekwu banyere oge a ngwá agha nuklia, ọ pụrụ ikwu n'ụzọ ziri ezi na-akpọ ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu nke usoro-agha. Gbanwetụrụ nuclear ụlọ ọrụ, akpan akpan ike kacha ike agha na ụwa, ike nke na-egbu zaa na a oké anya, mgbe agha na-azara ọnụ na-apụghị kpọrọ emetụta n'ezie ihe omume. Ọ bụrụ na ndị United States ma ọ bụ Russia kpebie iji ya ngwá agha nuklia nke maka ya bipụta ya, nzube, ọ ga-eduga ndị zuru mbibi nke mba ndị a, ma ọ bụ ikekwe ọbụna dum mepere anya ụwa.