Iliac akwara: Ọdịdị na ọrụ

Iliac akwara - otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu ahu arịa. Ha na-paired agbanye ogologo nke 7 cm na a dayameta nke 13 mm. Malite akwara dị na mpaghara nke 4th lumbar vertebra na bụ a n'ihu nke abdominal aorta (ya bifurcation). Ebe nkwonkwo bụ sacrum na iliac ọkpụkpụ, a arịa na-ekewa n'ime mpụga na esịtidem iliac akwara.

Iliac akwara nkịtị

Ọ ga-abụ na mpụta na n'ala na obere pelvis. Na mpaghara nke iliac-sacral nkwonkwo nkịtị iliac akwara kewara esịtidem na mpụga akwara nke otu aha, na-esote na hip na pelvis.

A. iliaca interna

Esịtidem iliac akwara (2) na-azụ ozu na pelvic mgbidi. Ọ dara na n'ime nke lumbar (nnukwu) uru. Na elu nke nnukwu oghere nke sciatic awụnye branched parietal na visceral akwara.

parietal alaka

• Lumbar-iliac alaka (3). Ọ bụ mpụta na n'azụ onye ahụ na lumbar nnukwu uru, na-enye alaka na iliac muscle na ọkpụkpụ nke otu aha, nakwa dị ka a nnukwu square na lumbar uru. Ọzọkwa, ha na-enye ọbara ka ụbụrụ membranes na spinal irighiri akwara.
• Mpụta sacral akwara (4). Zụọ miri uru nke azụ, sacrum, ọgidigi azụ (akwara mgbọrọgwụ na shei), coccyx na sacrum ọgọdọ, na piriformis muscle, na muscle na lifts ike.
• Akwara obturator (6). Ọ ga-abụ na n'ihu n'akụkụ nke pelvis. Alaka nke arịa bụ: pubic, n'ihu, n'azụ akwara kpọbata anụ ahụ nke Genital akụkụ, ndị obturator ma na-eme uru apata, hip nkwonkwo, apata ọkpụkpụ (isi ya), na pubic symphysis, ọkpụkpụ iliac, na mkpa mbo, lumbar-iliac, square muscle, obturator (mpụga, esịtidem) muscle na muscle nke na-akpọlite ndị ike.
• Lower gluteal akwara (7). Of pelvic aga site Subpiriforme onu. Nourishes ikpa na ike, hip, square, semimembranous, gluteus Maximus, ube ekara, semitendinosus, dapụtara na (nnukwu) mọzụlụ, ejima (ala, elu), na obturator (esịtidem, mpụga) uru na biceps femoral muscle (ya ogologo isi).
• Upper gluteal akwara (5). Ọ nadgrushevidnoe mpụta na site oghere gbatịrị aka n'uru na akpụkpọ ahụ nke gluteal region dị ka miri emi ma elu elu alaka. Ndia nile zụọ obere, ọkara gluteal mọzụlụ, hip nkwonkwo, anụ ahụ nke ike.

visceral alaka

• Alọ akwara (13, 14). Ọ na-agba tinyere n'azụ elu nke abdominal mgbidi, na-ebili na otube. Na antenatal arịa na-arụ ọrụ n'ụzọ zuru ezu n'ọrụ. Mgbe ọmụmụ nke nnukwu ya zapustevaet na-aghọ alọ ọgọdọ. Otú ọ dị, a obere akụkụ nke arịa ka na-arụ ọrụ na-enye elu vesical akwara na akwara semyavyvodnogo duct udia mgbidi nke ikpeazụ, nakwa dị ka eriri afo na urethra mgbidi.
• Eriri akpa nwa akwara. Ọ kwesịrị n'etiti Ibé akwụkwọ nke a sara mbara eriri akpa nwa ọgọdọ na akpanwa, ụzọ na cross na ureter ma na-enye tube, ovarian na mmamiri alaka. R.tubarius azụ fallopian akpa, r. ovaricus site ọkpụrụkpụ nke mesentery ruru eru ka ndị ovary na Nleta ihe anastomosis na ovarian akwara alaka. Rr. vaginales soro ala mmamiri mgbidi (n'akụkụ).
• Rectal (nkezi) akwara (9). Ọ bụ ikensi (mpụta mgbidi ya ampoules), udia muscle na lifts ike, ndị ureter, na ala na n'etiti rectal ngalaba, inyom - ikpu, na ndị ikom - prostate na agbapụ vesicles.
• Cirrus (esịtidem) akwara (10) - ikpeazụ alaka nke esịtidem iliac akwara. Doo arịa esonyere ala gluteal akwara Subpiriforme site oghere skirting sciatic spain ọzọ penetrates obere efere (na rectal-ischial fossa) site sciatic (obere) onu. Nke a na-enye fossa akwara proctal ala akwara (11) na mgbe ahụ na alaka n'ime: dorsal akwara nke amụ (nwanyi ji anyu mmamiri), perineal akwara, urethral, miri clitoral akwara (amụ) arịa kpọbata ndị bọlbụ nke amụ na akwara kpọbata ndị bọlbụ nke ihe owuwu ụzọ mbata. All nke n'elu akwara zụọ kwesịrị ekwesị ọchịchị (esịtidem obturator muscle, na ala akụkụ nke ikensi, mpụga Genital akụkụ, urethra, prostate bulbourethral, ikpu, perineal uru na akpụkpọ).

A.Iliaca externa

Mpụga iliac akwara-amalite mgbe ndị iliac-sacral nkwonkwo na bụ ndọtị ndị nkịtị iliac akwara.

Ọ ileal akwara (akara akụ) nsoroụzọ ala ma ihu lumbar n'ime elu nke nnukwu uru na inguinal ọgọdọ agabiga vasculature n'okpuru nke lacuna converted n'ime apata akwara. Alaka nke na-enye mpụga iliac akwara na zụọ labia pubis, scrotum, iliac muscle na afo mọzụlụ.

Mpụga iliac akwara alaka

• Lower epigastric akwara (1). Ọ dakapụrụ adakapụ n'etiti, na mgbe ahụ ka rectus muscle (n'azụ òkè). The arịa-enye ọtụtụ alaka: na pubic akwara na-azụ ndị periosteum na pubic ọkpụkpụ; cremasteric akwara (alaka nọ n'ógbè ndị inguinal mgbanaka miri emi na ndị ikom), na ndepụta akpụkpọ ahụ testicular spermatic udo na muscle na lifts egg ma ọ bụ akwara eriri akpa nwa gburugburu ọgọdọ (nwanyi), na-zigara anụ ahụ nke kenwe.
• Deep akwara, iliac ọkpụkpụ na gburugburu (2). Ọ na-esite si inguinal ọgọdọ na seduet outwards na elu ẹbiet na crest nke ilium akpụ anastomosis na alaka nke lumbar-iliac akwara. Deep akwara azụ mgbidi (n'ihu) abdominal mọzụlụ na ya constituent: iliac, mpụta, eduzikwa, oblique, na ehulata fascia lata na ụkwụ.

Occlusion nke iliac akwara

Na-akpata occlusion / stenosis nke akwara bụ ọnụnọ data aortoarteritis, thromboangiitis obliterans, musculo-fibrous dysplasia na atherosclerosis.

The omume nke a na ọrịa na-akpata anụ ahụ hypoxia na anụ ahụ metabolism ọrịa na, dị ka a na ya pụta, na mmepe nke metabolic acidosis na metabolic ìgwè oxidized ngwaahịa. Gbanwee Njirimara nke platelet, mụbara ọbara viscosity na Ya mere multiple thrombi kpụrụ.

E nwere ọtụtụ ụdị nke occlusion (dị ka etiology):

• Posttraumatic.
• Postembolic.
• Iatrogenic.
• Aortitis nonspecific.
• Mixed iche nke atherosclerosis, aortitis na arteritis.

Dị na ọdịdị nke mmebi nke iliac akwara hapụ:

• Adịghị ala ala usoro.
• Stenosis.
• Nnukwu thrombosis.

Nke a daa ọrịa e ji ọtụtụ ọrịamkpokọta:

• Ischemia nke ala ụkwụ (ụkwụ ọdịdị coldness, intermittent claudication, nkụnwụ, ike ọgwụgwụ na paresthesias).
• Enweghi ike (ischemia akụkụ ke pelvis, ọbara ọrịa nke ọgidigi azụ (ya ala nkewa)).

Occlusion ọgwụ a rụrụ dị ka mgbanwe ma ọ bụ ịwa ahụ ụzọ.

Conservative ọgwụgwọ a na-iji na optimizing ọbara clotting, na-ewepụ ihe mgbu na spasm nke ọbara arịa. Iji mezuo nke a họpụtara ganglioplegic, antispasmodics, na na.

Bụrụ na nke oké claudication, ihe mgbu na-ezu ike, anụ ahụ necrosis, embolism eji n'ịwa ahụ. Mgbe a na-rụrụ wepụ mebiri emebi òkè nke iliac akwara, ịwa ahụ iji wepụ ihe e dere ede, sympathectomy ma ọ bụ a Nchikota dị iche iche usoro.

Iliac akwara aneurysm

Ná mmalite asymptomatic, na nanị mgbe a dị ịrịba ama mmụba na-amalite na-egosipụta onwe clinically.

An aneurysm - a meshochkopodobnoe protrusion nke arịa mgbidi, adịru ekwedo nke anụ ahụ na-ukwu belata na-anọchi site na connective anụ ahụ growths.

aneurysm akpata pụrụ ịgụnye: atherosclerosis nke iliac akwara, ọjọọ, GB.

Nke a daa ọrịa ize ndụ nke na-emepe emepe oké nsogbu - agbawa nke aneurysm, nke na-esonyere oke ọbara ọgbụgba, ẹsụhọde ọbara mgbali, obi ọnụego na ida.

Bụrụ na nke mebiri nke inweta ọbara na hip thrombosis pụrụ ịzụlite na ebe nke aneurysm, adị ka okporo ụkwụ na pelvis, nke na-esonyere n'oké ihe mgbu na dysuria.

Nke a daa ọrịa na-chọpụtara site ultrasound, CT ma ọ bụ MRI, angiography na duplex ịgụ isiokwu.