Mgbapụta-nozulu: nhazi ọkwa na idozi

Kwa afọ ina a dizel engine dị ka ibiere ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka ike, gburugburu na aku na uba na-na-eto eto. Na naanị a zuru okè guzobere a flammable ngwakọta pụrụ imeju ndị a chọrọ. Ya mere, dum fuel injection usoro bụ na-arụ ọrụ rụọ ọrụ nke ọma, na-enye nkeji sprayed n'okpuru elu nsogbu.

Ndị dị otú ahụ a usoro, nke na-agwakọta na otu unit mmanụ ụgbọala injector na a mgbapụta, a mgbapụta-atomizer. N'otu aka ahụ, elu nsogbu na mgbapụta, ihe mgbapụta-injector injects a ụfọdụ ego nke ngwakọta na oge kwesịrị ekwesị. N'ihi na eziokwu na nke ọ bụla nke cylinders nke engine e nwere otu unit injector, dị otú ahụ a usoro e nweghị mmanụ ụgbọala injection mgbapụta.

Ngwa nozzles agụnye a cylinder isi ewekarị dizel unit injector. Ime ka ha ike na camshaft 4 nwere ihe pụrụ iche cam. The ike na plungers unit injectors na-ebute site ná site rocker. N'ihi na pụrụ iche na profaịlụ nke unit injector rocker cam ịkwọ ụgbọala mbụ sharply adahade, na mgbe ahụ dara nwayọọ.

N'oge mgbe a na-a nkọ ịrị elu nke rocker ogwe aka, na plunger-enwe na oké ọsọ ala. Ya mere, e ọbara mgbali elu. Mgbe rocker ogwe aka na-amalite ịda nwayọọ nwayọọ, dị ka plunger amalite ibelata na edo ije elu. Ndị dị otú ahụ a na-ewu na-enye ohere mmanụ ụgbọala ịbanye elu nsogbu ulo were were, na-enweghị guzobe ikuku egosipụta. The oge na injection akara solenoid valvụ akara unit injector. N'ihi nke a, site na electronic akara unit ọnọ na voltaji. Ọbụna obere deviations na osisi kwa ime na ịgba mmanụ ụgbọala oriri, na engine amalite "mkpọtụ."

Dizel injector mgbapụta nwere ike ịbụ nke atọ ụdị: piezoelectric, akpa, electrohydraulic. Na solenoid valvụ nozulu setịpụrụ dị ka mmanụ ụgbọala na dizel engines, na nwere a dị mfe ndokwa: na nozulu na solenoid valvụ na a ịgba agịga. The electro-injector bụ naanị arụnyere na dizel engines, nke na-yikarịrị ka na-arụ ọrụ na usoro Caumont Ryle. Piezoelectric ihe kasị elu dizel engines. Ndị dị otú ahụ a unit injector na-triggered 4 ugboro ngwa ngwa karịa a solenoid, na doses agbara mmanụ ụgbọala na kacha ziri ezi.

Mmezi nke injectors kwesịrị mere mgbe e nwere ndị na-esonụ mgbaàmà: ụba mmanụ ụgbọala oriri budata, ida mgbe ị na-enweta na gas pedal, mmanụ leakage ma ọ bụ popping na iyuzucha usoro. Singles ụgbọala ọsọ ejighị n'aka: na tachometer agịga bụ mgbe niile "na-awụlikwa elu" na-enweghị ihe o mere. Inyocha nozzles na ha ndozi a rụrụ na pụrụ iche ila, ya mere, ọ bụ ike ịrụzi ha onwe ha: mwube a nsogbu naanị 10% n'elu elu ọnụ na-akpata ọdịda na engine. Na ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na ọrụ nke mmanụ ụgbọala usoro adịghị enye akpata nchegbu, injector nchọpụta nsogbu - a usoro na-atụ aro mgbe ọ bụla 60 000-70 000 km nke na-agba ọsọ ụgbọala.