Mgbe bụ agha Crecy?

Onye ama ama nke Agha nke Crécy ada itie ke 1346. Ọ bụ a agha nke mbụ oge nke ogologo Narị Afọ Agha n'etiti France na England.

prerequisites

Na 1337, Eze Edward III kwuru ya na-azọrọ na French ocheeze. Ọ kwadebere n'ụzọ a nnukwu njem ma gbalịa weghara Paris. Ya mbụ mkpọsa ada itie ke Flanders - a region nke dị na Belgium. British Army okpu wakporo France. Ọ ejikọrọ na ihe isi ike ego nke eze, na ya kụrụ afọ n'ala diplomacy.

A afọ ole na ole mgbe e mesịrị, Edward III kpebiri ime ka ọzọ mgbalị. Nke a oge, ndị agha ya rutere n'ebe Normandy. Army edu eze na diọkpara ya, Edward na Black Prince, onye mụrụ aha Prince of Wales. Na isi nke ndị agha France bụ French eze Philip VI nke Valois. Ọ bụ ndị a-isi usu chere ihu ọ bụla ọzọ na Normandy. The njedebe nke mkpọsa bụ agha Crecy.

British ọdịda na Normandy

All okpomọkụ 1346 Eduard gbalịrị akpasu a mara agha. Philip dị iche ekpebi na gbaghachi azụ ọtụtụ ugboro na ndị dị mkpa. N'ihi nke a atụmatụ, na British ama nwere dum Normandy na egwu dị n'ebe ugwu France, tinyere Paris.

N'ikpeazụ, na August 26, Edward III wee ọnọdụ na a riiji nso obodo nke Crecy na Picardy. British ọgụgụ isi na-ewute na-isi. Scout kọrọ na French edidem bụ bụchaghị ihe agha na British efufe. Na onye ọ bụla ọhụrụ ọnwa nke agha na France bụ esiwanye kwesiri ngosi aku nsogbu. Ke adianade do, nke dị n'ebe ugwu anāchi achi na n'agha site onye iro agha, nke a nri na-efu nke ndị obodo.

Kemgbe ahụ, dị ka Edward rutere n'ebe Normandy, ọ tụfuru ihe a ụzọ n'ụzọ iri nke ya agha. Na eve nke agha n'okpuru idu ndú ya, ọ bụ banyere 12 puku ndị agha. Ọ bụ a egwu ike. Na British Army nke sample dere ọtụtụ Alfred Bern. "Agha nke Crécy" - otu n'ime ya kasị ama na nkà mmụta sayensị na-ewu ewu akwụkwọ ewepụtara ka Middle Ages.

Construction nke agha

English Vanguard edu onye-nketa na Crown - Black Prince. Ọ bụ mgbe hụrụ n'aka nri nku. Nke a na-ewu a omenala maka ochie agha. Ọ na-aka site ahụmahụ ndi-isi usu - Earl nke Oxford na Earl nke Warwick. Nri iyi tojubigara ókè, bụ na a obere mkpọmkpọ, towering n'elu ike nke British Army.

Ke ofụri ofụri, ndị agha niile bụ na mkpọda, inyefe na osimiri ndagwurugwu. The n'azụ bụ na n'aka ekpe ka iyi tojubigara ókè. Ha na-ada site ama ọchịagha Earl nke Northampton. Ke ufọt azụ nke nzere akara bụ a idobere ndi agha. A nkeji nọ n'okpuru achịkwa kpọmkwem nke King Edward III. Mill guzo nso, bụ bara uru dị ka ihe chọpụtara post.

Edward agha

-Akpali mmasị, English eze kpebiri na agha nke Crécy kwesịrị a agha na ụkwụ. On na Iv nke British agha zitere niile ịnyịnya ya na convoy. Ọ bụ ndị nọ n'azụ ma jiri nlezianya na-eche nche site a mapụtara unit. Edward mere ka mkpebi na ndụmọdụ nke Earl nke Northampton. Nke a ọchịagha enyewo iji mbụ ya ihe ịga nke ọma na ahụmahụ nke na-eje ije agha na Agha nke Morlaix, nke mere a afọ ole na ole tupu.

Ọrụ dị mkpa ndị agha nke Edward egwuri-uta. Ha na-eji kpọmkwem ọnọdụ ndị na-gwuru pụrụ iche recesses maka adaba nchekwa nke na-agbapụ akụ na ụta fanye. N'oge agha, onye ọ bụla shooter wepụtara site akụ 30-40 nkeji. Ebe ọ bụ na British mbụ wee na ọnọdụ ha, ha jisiri ike ijide ọgụ nyochaa ma kwadebe a atụmatụ maka ikpe nke French obibia.

French ọgụgụ isi ọdịda

Mkpa Agha nke Crecy bụ maka French ọgụgụ isi dị ka a zuru ezu na mberede. Na 1346, ọ bụ otú ahụ na-adịchaghị mma na English na-emegide, ndị bụ mgbe niile a ole na ole nzọụkwụ n'ihu. First, Filip gara ịchụkwudo onye iro agha na-na-ezighị ezi ntụziaka. Mgbe Scout akpatre ghọtara ha mehiere ihe, na French nkwurịta okwu na-ama agbatị ruo ọtụtụ kilomita. King anya jisiri weghachi ịdọ aka ná ntị na na ụzọ nke ziri ezi, ma na-ezighị ezi nghogbu-eri ya dị oké ọnụ ahịa oge na mgbe e mesịrị na-emetụta na ịdị njikere maka agha.

Agha nke Crécy na 1346 aghọwo ihe eru ndị na-abụghị edo nke French agha, nke nwere ike kere atọ akụkụ. Ke akpa bụ ndị Genoa mercenaries na onye nche nke eze. The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke otu a dịrị 6000 mmadụ. Na eve nke agha, ọ na-gbochiri oge ọgụ nke British n'oge ibe eduzi, nke ukwuu e rojiwere.

mba ọzọ allies

Ọnụnọ nke ndị Genoa bụghị ihe ijuanya - ọtụtụ ndị mba ọzọ agha Philip IV. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha bụ ndị eze. Ka ihe atụ, Bohemian King Ioann Lyuksemburgsky. Ọ bụ otu agadi nwoke (dị ka ochie ụkpụrụ) na onye kpuru ìsì, ma ka gbatara ọsọ enyemaka nke ya ogologo oge mmekorita, nke nwere obibi na British aka. Ke adianade do, na aga na afọ, John nọrọ a otutu oge na French ikpe. Ọzọkwa na Philip agha ọtụtụ German mercenaries na obere detachments nke German isi na ndị ọzọ na obere isi.

French agha

N'ikpeazụ, nke-atọ nke French agha bụ nwoke onye oru ugbo agha. Obodo atụsi meghachi omume oku nke ndị ọchịchị na-alụ ọgụ megide mba ọzọ ịchọ okwu. Ọ bụ ezie na ochie agha mgbe yi a akpọ mba agwa, nke a na-adịghị ma e wezụga. Farmers agụghị oké chere agha atụmatụ. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha ọbụna biri na ndị agha na nke mbụ.

N'ihi na ahuzi isi mmalite oge ahụ, na-eme nnyocha ka na-enweghị ike ikpebi kpọmkwem akụkụ nke ndị agha Philip. Ka ihe atụ, English chroniclers ọbụna zoro aka na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke 100 puku ndị mmadụ. Otú ọ dị, ndị dị otú ahụ data na-ike kwere. The emeri n'akụkụ ugboro ugboro overstated nke kpọkwara. Ma, otu ihe doro anya: na French agha bụ dịkarịa ala, ugboro abụọ ka ukwuu English (dịghị ihe na-erughị 30 na puku ndị mmadụ). Nke a dị iche nyere Philip obi ike na ha onwe ha ikike. Ma, ọ dịghị aga dị ka atụmatụ eze, agha jedebere Crecy. The eto eto nọ na-echere ya na a nlezianya kwadebe ọnọdụ ...

Ihe dị iche ná nzukọ

August 26, 1346 na 16 elekere, na French agha ruru na ndagwurugwu a obere osimiri Meillet. The agha hụrụ nche na ndị na nkume igwe nri. About agbasa ozi ọma ozugbo kọọrọ Edward III. British agha ozugbo were na ọnọdụ ha. Knights, ndị ikom na ogwe aka,-uta - ha gbasochiri ụkpụrụ na-abụghị anyanwụ nke ndagwurugwu. N'ebe ahụ, ọ agbakọta na French agha.

Ọbụna tupu agha ahụ malitere na Crecy (1346), na British ghọtara na ha nwere a doro anya uru. Ọ ẹkewetde na ịdọ aka ná ntị. Zụrụ nke ọma English agha ahọrọ maka a ogologo oge tupu na-na mmiri gawa Normandy. All iwu na Edward na Black Prince e jupụta dị ka ngwa ngwa dị ka ọ bụ ndị na-ekwe omume.

N'otu oge ahụ, na-French agha nwere ike ghara ịnya isi nke ndị dị otú ahụ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, ịdọ aka ná ntị. Nsogbu bụ na ndị agha, eze ndị agha na mba ọzọ na mercenaries agụghị oké aghọta onye ọ bụla ọzọ. N'ohu na ịpị ndị agbata obi ha. Na French n'ohu tupu mmalite nke agha e mgbagwoju anya na ọgba aghara, na-anya ka British.

The mberede mmalite nke agha

Ke adianade do, Philip ọzọ chịkọtara ọgụgụ isi. Ọ na-gwara banyere ugbu ọnọdụ nke onye iro agha. Eze, ịbụ nso Crecy, agaghị enye agha na otu ụbọchị. Mgbe ọ chọpụtara na ndị iro squad dị nnọọ ole na ole kilomita pụọ, ọ na-akpọ ihe mberede kansul nke agha, nke e tinyere ajụjụ kpọmkwem: na-aga ma ọ bụ na-aga na-akpasu iwe na otu ụbọchị?

Kasị elu-ogo French ọrụ nche ahụ na ihu ọma nke ya, na-eyigharị agha ruo mgbe ọzọ ụtụtụ. Nke a dị mkpebi ezi uche dị na - na nke a ụbọchị dum agha ahụ bụ na ụzọ na iji ike gwụrụ. Agha dị mkpa ike. Philip na-agaghị adọwa. O kwetara na kansul na iwu ka ha kwụsị.

Otú ọ dị, ebe a tụụrụ ime ebe ahụ mmadụ na-akpata, n'ihi na nke agha ahụ malitere na Crecy. Na nkenke, juru afọ French knight, na ịhụ na ha space elu, ha kpebiri ọgụ onye iro ke otu mgbede. Ha bụ ndị mbụ bugara ndị agha. Army Building bụ ndị dị otú ahụ tupu Knights ndị Genoa mercenaries. Ha na-na-aga n'ihu, ka ha wee ghara ịda n'okpuru mmetụta nke ha onwe ha aghara ibe ya. Ya mere, ndị agha ahụ malitere na Crecy. Iro na-eto eto kpebiri, na ọ ga-ebe naanị-ututu, ma frivolous omume nke French agha ngwa ngwa denouement.

French imeri

The mbụ njọ agha weere ahụhụ mgbe a n'ọgụ n'etiti English-uta na crossbowmen Italian ndị jere ozi Philip. Ya pụta bụ ihe ezi uche. The British chụọ n'ọrụ irè karị onye iro n'ihi na elu nke ogologo ụta. Ke adianade do, tupu agha bụ mmiri ozuzo, na Genoa crossbows kpamkpam tinye, mere ya njọ.

Agha nke Crécy ada itie ke mmalite ụbọchị nke ogbunigwe. English egbe ala mere a ole na ole volleys na ntụziaka nke French. Cores enwebeghị - egbe ebubo buckshot. Na nke ọ bụla, ọbụna nke a oge ochie na Usoro egwu nke French agha.

Ịgbaso arbaletchikami wee na-akpasu iwe agha. Knights Philip nwere iji merie a ọtụtụ nke eke ihe mgbochi, gụnyere a nkpoda ọrịrị on top of nke di British. The French were ihe karịrị 16 ọbara ọgụ. Ọ dịghị onye n'ime ha emeghị.

The weere ndị buru ibu. Ha nwere ọtụtụ puku mmadụ. Philip onwe ya unan. Ya mere biri unsuccessfully na 1346 maka ya. Battle Crecy enen uru English. Ugbu a Edward pụrụ ịnọgide na ya mkpọsa na n'ebe ugwu nke France. Ọ na-aga n'ebe dị mkpa ala gbara osimiri okirikiri ebe e wusiri ike ọzọ.

Ihe mere British mmeri

The N'ihi nke agha mesịrị bụrụ-awụ akpata oyi maka French. Ya mere, gịnị ka ndị British merie? Ọ bụ ike ichepụta a ọtụtụ ihe, nke n'ikpeazụ ga-ịsụgharị n'ime otu. N'etiti abụọ iro ụsụụ ndị agha a na nnukwu nzukọ abyss. The British e zụọ, na njikere na amaghị ihe ha na-aga. Ha lụrụ agha ná mba ọzọ, ha na-akpata bụ naanị oké osimiri, nke pụtara na ha nwere ihe ọ bụla na-atụfu.

The French agha gụnyere sonso agha a zụrụ azụ na mercenaries esi n'obodo dị iche iche ná mba. Nke a na nnukwu mmadụ tangle jupụtara emegiderịta na-alụ ọgụ. The Knights-emeghị obi na Genoa, ndị nkịtị nọ na enyo nke ukwu. All nke a bụ ihe kpatara nke enweghị enyemaka nke King Philip IV.

mmetụta

Ọtụtụ ndụ apụnara Agha nke Crécy. The ụbọchị nke agha bụ ụbọchị uju dum France. The agha furu efu na ihe mmekorita Filippa Korol nke Bohemia Ioann Lyuksemburgsky. The agha gosiri irè nke ogologo ụta, bụ nke e ji site British. Nke a ọhụrụ ụdị ngwá agha ka kpamkpam gbanwere kenkwucha sayensị nke Middle Ages. Okwu Mbido nke niile mgbanwe ndị a, ọ ghọrọ na 1346. Agha nke Crécy na ya bụ onye mbụ agha nke ogbunigwe e ji nnukwu quantities.

Ịga nke Ọma n'ọgbọ agha kpamkpam kwere Eduardo na-n'ebe ugwu France nile. Ikebịghike enye nọchibidoro ma were mkpa mmiri n'ọdụ ụgbọ mmiri nke Calais. Mgbe nkwụsị mere site ọrịa nke otiti, British agha ugboro ugboro kụrisịa French. Na 1360 mbụ na-adọ nke Narị Afọ War biri. Dị ka ihe nke English okpueze nweela Normandy, Calais, Brittany na Aquitaine - ihe karịrị ọkara nke France. Ma nke a emeghị ka ndị Narị Afọ War. Agha nke Crécy bụ nanị otu n'ime ọtụtụ ji nke ruo ogologo oge na-awụfu ọbara na ochie Europe.