Museum nke Russian akara ngosi dị na Moscow

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Russian iconography nwere narị afọ asaa. Names of nka onye ọrụ nwere anwụghị, ebube nke Russian art, dị ka ha kere oyiyi nke Orthodox nsọ. Ole na ole na ngosi ihe mgbe ochie nwere ike ịbụ mpako na ha expositions na ngosi scripts Oyiyi XII-XIX ọtụtụ narị afọ, mgbe ihe ndị kasị na ike masterpieces nke Russian icon sere. Private Museum nke Russian Oyiyi Taganka dabeere entrepreneur na philanthropist Mihailom Abramovym, taa nwere a pụtara ọtụtụ ikpughe - karịrị puku mmadụ anọ mbipụta n'ihu ọha na eze na ya showrooms, gụnyere 600 oyiyi, ndị ọzọ bụ - crucifix na antiques metụtara iconography na Chọọchị Ọtọdọks.

Russian icon sere dị ka a echiche nke omenala

Na ihe obodo nke Russian obodo nwere mbụ ya onwe ngosi nka nke Russian oyiyi, n'ihi na n'aka ga-agaghị anwa anwa na-ekwu enweghị - o nwere ike dị, ma amaghị n'èzí. Historians dee banyere ọtụtụ onwe ngosi ihe mgbe ochie, ọ pụta ìhè nke kasị mkpa, ndị na onye nnabata kasị ezi - a moot uche.

N'ụzọ ziri ezi karị anyị nwere ike ikwu banyere onwe ha icon ese, na afọ nke ha kere Wụnye jisiri ziri nnọọ ezi - by Feofana Greka ka Fedora Zubova. Ha na-ese ihe ndị kasị ama Russian ụka, odide ha - kasị dị oké ọnụ ahịa Orthodox oyiyi. Russian Museum - onye ọ bụla nwere ike ịnya isi nke nwere n'etiti ya ngosi urughuru ọrụ nke oké ese - pụrụ iwere dị egwu ọgaranya. Extant masterpieces - a ezi ihe nweta nke ma mba na ụwa omenala.

Museum nke Russian Oyiyi, guzosie ike site Mihailom Abramovym, e mepere Moscow ke efak ọkpụite n'azụ Tinkers skyscrapers na Taganka district, ọ bụghị otú ahụ ogologo oge gara aga - na 2006, ma taa, ọ bụ ndị kasị ibu onwe collection of akara ngosi dị na Russia. Na mbụ dị na a ollektsiya "Vereyskaya Plaza" azụmahịa center, nke bụ Slavic Boulevard, na enyene naanị a obere ebe. Nweta a tour pụrụ ịbụ naanị site tupu ndokwa. Naanị mgbe oghere nke ọhụrụ ụlọ na Taganka ka onwe collection of oyiyi anyị nwetara ohere ọ bụla.

The mbụ onwe collections nke akara ngosi dị na Russia

The kasị baa uru curiosities ngosi nka Taganka: Icon Anyị Lady Odigitria Simon Ushakov - naanị na ndenye aha icon nwe; onyinyo nke St. Nikolaya Mirlikiyskogo; a pụrụ iche collection of Pskov icon ese nke XVI narị afọ.

The mbụ onwe Drevlekhranilishche iconography nke ncheta malitere ịpụta na Russia ke akpa ọkara nke XIX narị afọ. The kasị ama nke ha na-anakọtara site M. Pogodin na P. Korobanov. Ma ezigbo nkà egosipụta ihe ngosi malitere tụlee naanị na nke iri abụọ na narị afọ. Mgbe ahụ a mkpoko Likhachev, bụ onye nwere ihe ndị kasị ọtụtụ collection of ọrụ site obodo ese na St. Petersburg meghere nke mbụ n'ihu ọha inweta onwe ngosi nka nke Russian oyiyi. Na Moscow, ndị a veranda meghere ibo ụzọ ha na ụlọ, ndị nwe nke e mere site artist I. Ostroukhov na ahịa S. Ryabushinsky. Ọ bụ ogologo oge tupu mgbanwe.

Modern onwe ngosi nke oge ochie oyiyi

Anyị nwere ike n'enweghị ekwu na mbụ nchoputa nke oge a na onwe ihe ngosi nka nke Russian oyiyi bụ a mkpoko E. Roizman si Yekaterinburg. Ya collection of mbubreyo Old kwere ekwe ihe oyiyi, na-atụgharị uche na omenala nke XVIII-XIX ọtụtụ narị afọ, ọha na eze wee dị na 1999, mgbe ma were a ịrịba oghere nke ihe ngosi nka "Nevyansk icon."

Na Moscow, maka connoisseurs nke Orthodox art meghere ibo ụzọ nke abụọ onwe collections nke akara ngosi. E wezụga collection Mihaila Abramova, ọtụtụ afọ na Moscow ọma na-arụ ọrụ na ihe ngosi nka "House nke na akara ngosi na aha nke sere SP Ryabushinsky "on Spiridonovka. N'etiti ya ngosi na e nwere ezigbo masterpieces. Ha na-agụnye akara ngosi nke Virgin Hodegetria Georgian ọrụ nke XV narị afọ, icon Nikolaya Chudotvortsa, dere ke akpa ọkara nke XVI narị afọ, na a iri na abuo ọrụ nke Russian icon ese nke mbubreyo oge, nke mejupụtara ezi ebube nke Russian sere. Ugbu a, Museum nke Russian Oyiyi na Spiridonovka nwere ikpughe, nke nwere ihe karịrị abụọ na ọkara puku oyiyi.

Nkebi nke ihe ngosi nka nke a tọrọ ntọala na Taganka

Ancient oyiyi gị collection Mikhail Abramov, enwetara ma na Russian na mba ọzọ na onwe veranda. Na ụzọ ya ofufe niile na ike-eguzo na ochie ụlọ ahịa. Otú ọ dị, ndị nnukwu nke ngosi si ọtụtụ onwe collections, ọtụtụ nke dị na Moscow na St. Petersburg. N'ihi ya, Museum nke Russian Oyiyi kwukwara masterpieces echekwara na onwe collections nke atọ nke Moscow nka - S. Vorobiev V. Momot na A. Kokorin.

N'afọ 2007, ekesa Mikhail Abramov eze enwetara na iwu dị n'ime Russia 10 oyiyi zuru na 1984 site Veliky State Historical na Architectural Museum-Reserve (Dmitriya Solunskogo Dymkovo obodo temple). N'ezie, na asịwo enweghị echiche banyere ihe siri ike akara aka nke ihe oyiyi na-ese na XVI-na Asaa ọtụtụ narị afọ na Kostroma ala. Ha na-adịghị depụtara na search, dị ka e nwere ha foto oyiyi. Nanị mgbe ule nke State Research Institute of NYEGHACHI ike ịmụta n'akụkọ ndị a oyiyi. N'ezie, Mikhail Abramov bufee ha na steeti repository. Na 2008, ndị a oyiyi e gosiputara ka ọbịa na ihe ngosi "Nlaghachi nke onwunwe" na Tretyakov Gallery.

Ma ndị ọkachamara na Abramova ngosi nka ugboro hụrụ zuru otu ugboro na Rostov okpukpe Shinto n'etiti enwetara arịa - pịrị cross. Ọ na-ese laghachi steeti. Mikhail Abramov onwe ya consciously aku zuo nke Russian oyiyi ná mba ọzọ, na-etinye mgbalị nile iji eme n'ụlọ bara uru ngosi ya oké akụkọ ihe mere.

Enweghị Atụ ngosi nke ihe ngosi nka on Taganka

Rublev oyiyi larịị ma ọ bụ Daịọnisiọs, N'ezie, ọ bụghị ebe a - eme ka nnukwu ọrụ nke XVI - mmalite nke XX narị afọ. Ọfọn na-anọchi anya ndị nna ukwu nke Ụlọ Ngwá Agha. Ụfọdụ ihe oyiyi na-emetụ ya provincialism ka obi ṅuria: Rostov, Vologda, Obonezhie, Tver, Kargopol, Solikamsk, na Volga region - ndị a bụ nanị ụfọdụ n'ime ebe ndị a arịa ime. Ndị hụrụ dozie iconography ka mbadamba XVIII-XIX ọtụtụ narị afọ: isi ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na-na-eleghara anya dị ka "mbubreyo" image, na eziokwu na ha bụ oké ọchịchọ ịmata ihe.

Nnweta Abramov na 2007 collection of oyiyi, na n'oge gara aga ekesịpde site ama Leningrad mkpoko Vladimir Samsonov, bụ ihe dị mkpa mere maka nchebe. Museum nke Russian Oyiyi na Goncharnaya replenished ezi masterpieces nke Russian icon sere - onyinyo nke anyị Lady of Odigidrii dere Simon Ushakov, na ọtụtụ ihe oyiyi nke e mesịrị oge nke ahịhịa na-erughị maara nke ọma nka, ma na-agaghị atụfu ya ndị mere eme na na omenala uru. Ọbụna nnweta nke collection bụ na-akpali akpali agwa.

Samsonov rọrọ n'oge ndụ ya na-emeghe na n'obodo ngosi nka iconography, ezi pearl nke nke ga-aghọ onwe ya collection, ma ndị na nrọ na-emezu. Mgbe ọnwụ nke mkpoko nke ngosi mgbagwoju anya ya na-erughị eru nketa, na foduru e ẹka otu n'ime ụlọ nsọ, nke na-echekwara na zuru ezu ileghara. Ọ ma zụta Mikhail Abramov, si otú ọ bụghị nanị na-agbakwụnye na ikpughe onwe ya ihe ngosi nka, ma ịrara ya gọziri agọzi ebe nchekwa nke mbụ nwe.

Dị ka a kọwara na ezigbo uru nke ngosi nka ngosi

Mmụọ nsọ site nzukọ nke ihe oyiyi, na Abramov gburu a n'ezigbo mma ọkachamara nke oge ochie art, ndị ọkachamara si Tretyakov Gallery na Russian Museum. Ma ngosi anaghị gaa gara aga nnyocha, ọ na-enyere ịnọgide na-akụkọ ihe mere eme na omenala larịị nke nzukọ ahụ. Ke adianade do, ma ọ bụrụ na ị pụrụ ịzụta a bara uru ibe, ọ na-enyocha dịkarịa ala ugboro abụọ iji gosi ndị na-abụghị mpụ n'oge gara aga. Database nke zuru onwunwe nwere Ministry of Culture, nke ọ gabiga Rosohrankultury - oge ochie nile ihe na-enyocha megide a nchekwa data.

Iji hụ na ọ dịghị nnweta ike imebi ezi mmalite nke ozi, na-eduga philanthropist Abramov, nditịm Monitors na director nke Museum nke Russian Oyiyi Nicholas Zadorozhnyj. N'okpuru idu ndú ya, ihe ngosi nka kpaliri na-onwem na a pụrụ iche Old kwere ekwe Ekpere House nke XIX na narị afọ, ndị dị n'oké ọhịa nke Tver mpaghara a fọrọ ebibi. Uka nke ọma disassembled n'ụzọ nkịtị na a log, e weere na ihe ngosi nka ụlọ ahịa na-ịmepụtagharịa fọrọ nke nta ke akpasarade ụdị, na ebe oyiyi nke ihe oyiyi na-mere ndokwa na a n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị, na ememe okpukpe akwụkwọ meghere, dị ka ma ọ bụrụ na maka ekpere, na a kandụl mụnye ọkụ dum ụlọ. Ọbịa nwere ike na-eje ije site na ya, ma kpebisiri.

A bit banyere exposures

N'oge okpomọkụ nke 2014 meghere a ọhụrụ ngosi na Museum nke Abramov, n'okpuru nke ọ ama dum anọ n'ala ụlọ ahụ. Ọ na-raara nye iconography XIX-XX ọtụtụ narị afọ. All iche iche nke Russian sere si mbubreyo krasnushek chromolithographs na elu monumental temple oyiyi na-n'ihu ọha na eze. I nwekwara ike na-enwe mmasị na iwu siri ike canonicity Old kwere ekwe ihe oyiyi, na e dere a na-akpọ "ebe a na-oge ochie piety", nke nọ Tver alaka ụlọ ọrụ, Moscow, na Moscow region na Urals. Ọtụtụ akụkụ nke ihe ngosi e debeere iwebata na nkà nke akwụkwọ ede ihe ndị afọ.

Na ngụkọta, ihe ngosi nka anọ ngosi ala, ọnụ ụzọ na-simulated n'okpuru mma ụzọ. Behind otu onye n'ime ha na-reconstructed Old kwere ekwe 'banye n'Ụlọ Ekpere nke XIX narị afọ na nkedo na pịrị Old kwere ekwe obe, oyiyi na Gospel. The n'ọnụ ụlọ ogologo gosipụtawo foduru otu agadi iconostasis. Ọbụna nkuru n'onwe awade antiques - mgbidi ya na-mma na ochie Russian ese spinning wheel. Otu nke ngosi Ụlọ Nzukọ Alaeze na-onwem site Etiopia Orthodox Church.

Nkuzi, demonstrations na-ede akwụkwọ tours

Ofu tours na-enwe ụbọchị isii a izu na ihe ngosi nka, na wezụga nke Wednesday. The na-achị ndị a njem mmụta bụ nnọọ dị iche iche si na-emebu ihe ngosi nka. Na mgbakwunye na review maara collection of oyiyi, ị nwere ike ịga na ya, dị ka "Russian iconography XIV-XVI narị afọ" na "Russian icon sere XIX-XX ọtụtụ narị afọ. Isi iyi na-eduga emmepe na nna-ukwu. " Ma uche pụrụ iche na kwesịrị na-ede akwụkwọ tours, nke otu n'ime - "World Russian obibi ndị mọnk: omenala nke Old kwere ekwe", mepụtara EB Solodovnikova - bụ ndị kasị ewu ewu na ndị ọbịa.

Ọtụtụ mgbe, ihe ngosi nka na akwado okwu ihu ọha ma themed mgbede. Hazie concerts - n'ọnụ ụlọ ogologo n'ihi nzube a na-etinye piano. Ka onye ọ bụla nwere ike ọ bụghị nanị na-ahụ magburu ngosi, ma na-ege ntị a usoro nke na nkuzi banyere omenala omenala oge ochie Russia, ihe ngosi nka na-onwem na a ogbako ụlọ, na-aga ka a pụrụ iche n'ọbá akwụkwọ ego, na nke i nwere ike ịhụ ihe niile banyere ihe mere eme nke chọọchị Ọtọdọks na akara ngosi. Abramova Russian Museum-a maara na ná mba ọzọ, ekele ya ọgaranya ikpughe na mmesapụ aka - ngosi nka ọbịa nwere ike na-enwe mmasị ya ngosi n'efu - niile kwụrụ ya guzobere Mikhail Abramov. Nke a bu eziokwu gosiri ọdịiche onwe ngosi nka nke Russian oyiyi si n'ihu ọha veranda.

State Museums na kpụkwasịrị

The isi ncheta nke ezi nkà nke Russian ala-nọ na-na Tretyakov Gallery na hermitage. Ma abụọ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie nke Moscow na Saint Petersburg, anyị kwesịrị icheta, dị ka oké nketa nke Russian icon sere, ha nwere a kpọmkwem mmekọrịta, na n'etiti ha ngosi - ama akara ngosi nke oge ochie nke nna ukwu. Otu n'ime ha - na State Russian Museum. Oyiyi n'etiti ya ngosi bụ ndị a ma ama, ma ọ bụghị isi. Ọ bụ a ngosi nka nke dị n'ebe ugwu isi obodo.

Dokwara mkpa ka mba iconography nwere a Museum of Ancient Russian Culture na Art aha mgbe Andrei Rublev, emi odude ke Moscow. Tọrọ ntọala na 1947, ọ nwere a ọgaranya ịkọwa bụ isi repository nke oké mba nketa nke ezi art. The ngosi nka nwere otu nke kasị asọpụrụ Christian icon of "Anyị Lady nke Vladimir," dere na 1409 Rublev.

Chọọchị Ọtọdọks - ndụ ngosi nka nke iconography

Olee otú ọtụtụ ndị chọọchị Ọtọdọks gafee mba - niile ndị imerime, ma ọ bụla na akara ngosi. N'ezie, a akụkụ buru ibu na ụlọ nsọ, na ihu arụsị dị na ha nwere naanị a ikwu uru, ukwuu n'ihi na ịgagharị nka, bụghị akụkọ ihe mere eme. Ndị ụka nwere a masterpiece n'ụzọ ọ bụla chebe gị ọnụ ole na ole iri puku kwuru iri nke mgbe parish, ma ga-ekweta na-nyefee ha ihe ngosi nka, ebe ha nwere ike ịhụ ọtụtụ puku ndị hụrụ nkà oge ochie. Akọcha ndị nchụàjà n'ihi enweghị ịhụ mba n'anya anaghị - n'okpuru ha n'ụlọ nsọ ndị a oyiyi. Russian Museum, ọbụna n'onye kasị nta, nwere ọtụtụ oké ọnụ ahịa arịa, ma ọ bụghị ọ bụla na chọọchị nwere ike ịnya isi nke ọbụna otu icon, bụ nke bara oké akụkọ ihe mere eme na omenala pụtara. Ọ bụ ezie na, ọ bụrụ na ezi ikpe n'ihi ihe ha na e dere, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị ka na-eje ozi dị ka onye mmụọ nsọ na ọgbakọ ekpere?

Mkpa nke oge ochie oyiyi nke oge a Orthodox kwere ekwe

N'ezie, ihe ngosi nka ngosi, ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na ha bụ ndị Ọtọdọks oyiyi, a obere ịkpọte ke obi nke ezi okwukwe. Dị ka ọ bụ ihe ihere na-ekweta, ma ka ha nwere ihe ngosi nka àgwà - ikuku nke ngosi onwe ya erects a mgbidi n'agbata nkà nke nsọpụrụ, na-atọ ụtọ nke mmetụta ọnụnọ nke Mmụọ Nsọ. Kere Museum nke Russian Oyiyi Abramov nwere ike inwere a na-emekarị, ma otú anya ya oru ngo na-emeghị zere nke a akpata akara aka, ọ bụ ezie na ụfọdụ n'ime ime ụlọ dị ka nso temple. Otú ọ dị, ịhụ nsọ oyiyi tupu nke gburu ikpere nna nna anyị hà - obi ụtọ kasị ukwuu nke ọ bụla Orthodox Christian. Ọ na-enye ndị mmadụ obi ụtọ nke Museum nke Russian Oyiyi. Moscow e mma site ọzọ ncheta nke oge ochie omenala.

Ụtọ na eziokwu na nchoputa nke ihe ngosi nka nọ na-agbalị ime ka ndị chọọchị na-abụghị nanị ime nke ogige, ma jiri nlezianya na-arụ ọrụ na-abụghị nke mgbagwoju ensemble - n'ihu Museum nke Russian Oyiyi bụ Holy Mount Athos Russian mọnk Panteleimonov. Oke nke ebe bụ ezigbo.

The ọrụ nke patrons na ichebe Ọtọdọks nketa

Kere Museum nke Russian Oyiyi Taganka Abramov kwesịrị bụghị nanị na-akwanyere ya dịkọrọ ndụ. Egosi achọghị ọdịmma onwe ịhụnanya maka omenala nwa afọ nna aka irighiri recreate akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Russian Chọọchị Ọtọdọks. Ike na ego nọrọ na ya a otutu.

Business na nketa Tretyakov ụmụnna ka dị ndụ, a na-egosi ezi philanthropist Mikhail Abramov. Museum nke Russian Oyiyi, kere ha - kacha mma na-egosi. Ọzọkwa, nchoputa nke ihe ngosi nka - a nwoke ezi-eto eto na ike eme ihe maka ọganihu nke ndị na motherland ebube. Karịsịa na search maka arịa dị iche iche maka ụmụ ha, na ya na-aga n'ihu nke a ụbọchị, na onye maara ihe obere akara ngosi ka na-echekwawo na obodo nta na obodo nta nke ndị buru ibu mba maka ákwà-nkwuba na blinds, onye na -acha uhie uhie na nkuku nke ụlọ na-udo ìhè kandụl.