Naa na choreographer Marta Grem: A Biography. School na Marty Grem egwu Usoro

Na nke ọ bụla akwụkwọ nkà ihe ọmụma nke oge a balet egwú Marty Grem aha ga-eguzo n'ebe nke nsọpụrụ. Ọ nwere ike na-akpọ a revolutionary na a na-ebukọrọ nke ntọala. Graham Dance School na ya Usoro ghọrọ ihe ndabere maka oge a na choreography metụtara mmepe nke balet na ụwa.

mbido nke ụzọ

May 11, 1894 na a obere American obodo a mụrụ Marta Grem. Ma na gburugburu ebe obibi ma ọ bụ ndị ezinụlọ ya, ma ọ bụ oge, o yiri ka amụma banyere ọdịnihu nke oké girl, ma akara aka nyere iwu ma ọ bụghị. Graham ezinụlọ e sitere ndị mbụ biri na America bụ onye bịara site na Scotland. n'ọdịnihu egwú nna ya bụ onye ọrịa uche, ndị nne na nna sị na Presbyterianism na ẹkenịmde nnọọ mgbanwe echiche na ndụ. The ezinụlọ nnọọ ọgaranya, obere Martha ama gbara ya gburugburu a Catholic Nanny na ndị ohu na ụlọ na-arụ ọrụ Chinese na Japanese. N'ihi ya, a girl site na nwata nwere ike matakwuo na dị iche iche omenala.

Ma na-ete egwú na ndị ezinụlọ ahụ nọ na-ewere dị ka na-erughị eru na ndị mmehie. Ya mere, na March maka oge mbụ chere ihu na nkà nke choreography fọrọ nke nta ka afọ 20. Ọ bụ ike gaa na ama okwu site Ruth St. Denis, nke gbanwere ụwa nke ndị inyom. Ọ na-ewe a definitive mkpebi ịbanye okwu nke School, na mgbe e mesịrị wee na ya ọmụmụ ke ọwọrọetop akwụkwọ Denishoun nke na-eduzi onwe ya na Saint-Denis, tinyere pụtara ìhè choreographer Ted Shawn. Mgbe afọ ole na ole ọ ga-aga n'ime ụlọ ọrụ "Denishoun" na ga mpụta mbụ na ya arụmọrụ na nnukwu ogbo.

Dance nke Victorian oge

Mgbe uzo nke narị afọ, e nwere otu ebe echiche ọha na eze echiche na-agba egwú - ọ bụghị a oké njọ na-arụ. Ọ bụ akụkụ nke ntụrụndụ na-egosi: vaudeville, Cabaret. Ke United States, oge gboo balet n'oge anataghị a ịrịba mgbasa, e na e guzobere a mba akwụkwọ. Ọ bụ a otutu stereotypes banyere agba egwú. Men iwu ò, n'ụzọ kwụ ọtọ jog ije, ndị inyom na-na-embody ire ụtọ e. Emeli akp na-agba egwu Mpaghara, họọrọ bụ oge gboo, antic achị. Ọ dị mkpa ka mejuputa lyric ọrụ na adụ plastic imewe.

ịghọta nke ohere

Marta Grem choreography bịara ke mbubreyo, ọbụna site ụkpụrụ nke oge - n'ime afọ 20, otú ahụ oge gboo na-agba egwú ọ nwere ike oge, kama o mere, na ya enweghị mmasị. Na ụlọ ọrụ "Denishoun" e jua ya lyricism, nke bụ ahụkarị ya. Ted Shawn - ghọtara dị ka nna nke American agba egwú - hụrụ Graham pụrụ iche na ume na ike, ya charisma na omiiko agwa mere Xochitl ese maka ya. Ọ nwere ike na-egosipụta a akpan akpan style of Martha, "ka ọgba aghara nke nwa akukonta" na ya mma. Ọ passionately hụrụ n'anya art nouveau, nke dị na akụ na ọ bụghị naanị na afọ, ma ya echiche na okike. Kemgbe ọ bụ nwata, Mata nụrụ nna ya okwu na okporo ụzọ nwere ike gafee esịtidem, nke mmetụta uche na steeti. Nke a echiche mere ka e nke ya technology.

Igafe ókè nke na o kwere omume

Search plastic, ohere a na-emekarị nke oge, sokwa n'ụzọ dị otú a na Martha Graham Usoro nke bụ a itunanya na-agba egwú n'oge a. Ọ na-achọ iwepu okike inequality na-agba egwú, na-enye ndị inyom nri na-egosipụta ike mmetụta na-enyemaka nke nkọ, jagged mmegharị. Graham chọrọ ike a na Usoro nke ga-enyere dancers ghọọ azọrọ-iwu, embodying mmetụta uche na echiche. Ọ choro na ịdọ aka ná ntị na akwa ịta nke dancers, mgbe ike mfe na ndị oge gboo omenala plastik maka mfe nghọta nke echiche nke na-ege ntị na dancers nyere ọzọ ohere gosipụta mmetụta nke uche. Na-eche echiche na ihe nchụso Graham aka ịghọta na-agba egwú na-adabere ihe atọ: oge, ike na ohere. The ike metụtara na mmetụta ndị na-eme ka ije, ọ bụ na mbụ ọnọdụ nke ya technology. Lessons ke klas Martha malitere na a yinye mfe mmegharị na-nwere njikọ chiri anya na mgbagwoju ikwọ. Equipment na-wuru na ụkpụrụ abụọ: kontrakshn (mkpakọ) na ntọhapụ (ndọtị). O mere ka ndị egwú-etinye uche na obi na-erube isi n'iwu nke anatomical plasticity. The search maka onwe-okwu na-agba egwú kwere Graham ike a pụrụ iche na Usoro nke ọrụ dị mkpa na-egwuri site ume na ịta. Ọ bụ ike ịghọta na iji maka aesthetic ohere nke ahụ mmadụ. Ya Usoro ka bụ isi n'ihi na oge a na-agba egwú na a gụnyere na niile ọzụzụ omume maka ọkachamara dancers.

March maara na a onye kacha enyi ụwa oyiyi, akụkọ ọdịbendị, archetypes, ma na-eji ya na ha nwetara. Marta Grem chọrọ ka na-etinye na-abụghị oge gboo na-agba egwú Mpaghara. Ọ gbalịrị inye dancers kasị ukwuu nnwere onwe na uche nke okwu.

Marty Grem troupe

Na 1926, Martha doo nke "Denishoun" troupe, nke ọ na-iyi ike ịghọta echiche ha. Mgbe niile, ndị troupe nwere a queen - Saint-Denis, na ebe Graham e bụ nnọọ dịghị oke. Ọ na-anakọta ya ụlọ ọrụ na 1927, nke bụ na mbụ nwanyị, ọ gụnyere ndị kasị lara-eso ụzọ. March nọ nso na Feminist echiche, ọ bụ a otutu na-eche banyere ọrụ ndị inyom na ọha mmadụ na-agbalị na-enye ya ihe na ikike na ohere. Ọ ọbụna ewepụtara a isiokwu ọtụtụ nwetara: "The Onye Jụrụ Okwukwe", "ókè" na ama "ákwá." Na ndị a nwetara Graham dunyere ya echiche na Nchoputa, bewitching na-ege ntị a ọhụrụ plastic.

Na 1938, ndị troupe egosi nwoke mbụ - Erik Houkins, onye na-akpali ka ime nke ugbua Martha egwu Usoro, ya na enriched na oge gboo ọcha. A obere ka e mesịrị, ndị troupe abịa Merce Cunningham, onye ghọrọ ama dị ka a na-ebukọrọ nke omenala agba egwú nke n'ụkpụrụ iwu.

Ụwa na-ama troupe nke Martha nwetara mgbe a njem nke Europe na Middle East. Choreographer emepụta n'ụlọ akwụkwọ ọzọ, nke, ya na ụlọ ọrụ na-enweta a ofu ebe orunótu na New York. Otu a dị taa. Ma ọ bụghị dị ka ihe ncheta nke oké Graham, ma dị ka a dị ndụ, ihe otu. The olu nke troupe chebere ọtụtụ nwetara Martha, ya arụmọrụ dere maka ụmụ.

Home ikpo

N'oge ọ na-okike ndụ Marta Grem esịnede 180 arụmọrụ. Ya ketara na-egbu di iche iche na richness, ọ na-esi ike ịmata ihe dị iche ihe dị ka otu-ihe. Ma ndị kasị kwesiri ngosi arụmọrụ Graham na-"Idetu ụwa", "The n'ọgba nke obi", "Clytemnestra," "Phaedra," "lucid pụrụ ichetụ n'echiche, iro ụra," "Ọrụ nke Ìhè". Ya arụmọrụ agba bụghị nanị ndị dị ebube choreography, ma chere na-esi kasị nta nju. Ọ họọrọ ndị ekike, na music, na-ewere gbasara ohere ngwọta, abuana ke e kere eke nke mma. Ya arụmọrụ taa bụ a kpochapụwo ngwá ọrụ dancers na choreographers.

oké mmekọ

Na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke balet a ọtụtụ pụtara ìhè ndị mmadụ, ma ibi ndụ dị ka a na-agba egwú - a obere. Great egwú nke narị afọ nke 20, jisiri ike weta niile ahuhu na-agba egwú na ya mere eme - bụ Marta Grem. Photo Ballerina egbu ike na okwu, ọ miri dị ka ikpeazụ zuru ezu na image, ọ na-eche n'elu choreography na ekike. Na a otutu anya ugwo oke nke a na onye òtù ọlụlụ na-agba egwú. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ na ọtụtụ dịkọrọ ndụ (Nureyev, Pol Teylor, Mers Kanningem, Robert Wilson). Special akara na ya biography jikọtara ihe e kere eke nke oge a na-agba egwú, na ebe a tandem Jose Limon na Marta Grem si-agaghị ekwe omume na-echeta. Abụọ ndị a innovator, onye kasị ukwuu revolutionary, eke ihe fascinates na-ege ntị dị.

Mmetụta na ụwa balet

Ọ bụrụ na e a onye, radically mmetụta omenala nke narị afọ nke 20, nke a bụ Marta Grem. Quotes si ya okwu n'ụzọ doro anya mara na-agba egwú na ya àgwà nke ndụ ya. O kwuru, sị: "Movement adịghị agha ụgha, ahụ na-eziga na ọnọdụ okpomọkụ nke mkpụrụ obi." March mere uche nke isi echiche nke na-agba egwú, na ọ ghọrọ ya isi uru. Ọ na-enwe ike ịzụlite a visual asụsụ na-egosipụta mmetụta uche, nke ghọrọ a pụrụ iche na Usoro nke Marty Grem. Ọ na-atụle ga nchoputa nke oge a na-agba egwú na America, na mkpa ya maka ihe e kere eke nke a na mba choreographic akwụkwọ nwere nnọọ njikọ.

Ọ bụghị nanị na kere a pụrụ iche troupe, ma haziri egwú ọtụtụ eme ihe nkiri, ebe na-ege ntị nwee ike ịhụ ndị dị otú ahụ oké dancers ka Rudolf Nureyev, Margot Fonteyn, Maya Plisetskaya, Mikhail Baryshnikov, Natalia Makarova.

Personal ndụ

Marta Grem, onye biography na kpamkpam nyere balet, ike-emezucha dị ka nwanyị. Di-ya, a na onye òtù ọlụlụ na -agba egwú, mma nwoke - Erik Houkins. Ha bi ọnụ maka 6 afọ, na ọdịiche bụ nnukwu ujo maka Martha, ma ọ bụ ike ime ka nke ya onye obi ahụmahụ, nke ghọọ a isi iyi nke mmụọ nsọ na-agba egwú. Ọ hapụrụ ogbo 76 afọ, nwere banyere ya nnọọ mbà n'obi, ma nwee ike iji merie ọrịa ma laghachi na-arụ ọrụ nke choreographer, ede ọzọ 10 ballets. Ọ nwụrụ na March na 96 afọ.