National Technology Initiative (NTI). State support mmemme

The ọdịmma nke ndị bi na bụ kpọmkwem dabere na ala nke akụ na ụba mba. The Russian nsogbu nke na-adịbeghị anya, nke bilie n'ihi na ọnụ ke hydrocarbon ahịa, otu ugboro ọzọ gosiri na ọ dị mkpa ka isi mgbanwe. National Technology igba e mere ka a mata ihe ndị kasị ekwe ndi nke aku na uba na-akpali ha. Mmepe ha ga-abuana mmepe nke dum aku na uba na ihe ga-enyere iji merie na nduzi na hydrocarbon ahịa. N'ihi na ndị mmadụ, nke a pụtara prolonging ndụ na rụọ ọrụ ya mma.

omume Content

National Technology Initiative (STI) dị ka ntụziaka e mbụ na eze mara ọkwa na December 2014. Ọ bụ n'oge a na oge nke Russian President V. V. Putin ka ọ pụta ìhè ya na ya ozi na Federal Assembly na kwuru na ndị isi na-ahụ maka mmejuputa ihe omume a. Ihe kachasi mkpa n'ime STI bụ ịchọpụta ekwe ndi nke aku na uba na iru Russian ụlọ ọrụ. Na kwesịrị ekwesị na-ahọrọ dị otú ahụ a atụmatụ nwere ike mee ka ọtụtụ ijeri dollar na ntụgharị na-eme n'ọdịnihu. Russia ga-enwe ike na-asọrịta mpi na kasị mba ndị mepere emepe na a na inweta na ụwa ahịa. Ihe kasị anya na-akwụ ụgwọ ọrụ metụtara elu teknụzụ. Otu n'ime ebe na nkà mmụta ọgwụ, akpan akpan, bụ ndọtị nke ndụ. Otú ọ dị, ịga nke ọma nke STI adabere ọ bụghị nanị na ọchịchị. The ala omume nke support bụ na-mkpa, ma ihe kasị kwesịrị ilebara ya anya ka ihe e kere eke nke na-irè usoro, na njehie na-arụ ọrụ na-mata ngwa ngwa ma gbazie. Dị ka director ntụziaka nke "Young ọkachamara" Dmitry Peskov, STI kwesịrị ịbụ ihe mbụ usoro, akara matriks. National Technology Initiative ga-atụle dị ka ihe ndabere maka ihe e kere eke nke a nnukwu obodo Ọdịdị.

akụkọ ihe mere eme na-ekwu okwu

Echiche nke "mba nkà na ụzụ igba" e ji akụkọ nke Minista Education na Science Dmitry Livanov ná nzukọ nke presidium nke aku na uba modernization na otutu mmepe na September 2014. Ọ bụ ihe na mmepe nke a oru ngo metụtara ọhụrụ mmepụta teknụzụ (NTP). Nzube ya bụ iji mee ngwangwa mmepe nke ọrụ. Ngo natara ọnọdụ nke National Technology Initiative (STI - STP). Otú ọ dị, anyị na-ekwu okwu banyere ya naanị na December 2014. Nke a anya nke mmasị bụ n'ihi eziokwu ahụ bụ na STI e nyere uche pụrụ iche na na Message nke President nke Russian Federation na Federal Assembly. Dị ka zubere, na National Technology Initiative kwesịrị ngwá site nke Russia ga-enwe ike a na-eduga itie ke ngwaahịa na ọrụ ahịa. Ọ na-abịa pụta ìhè mkpa ime ihe ziri usoro nhọrọ.

Iji a ajụjụ banyere atụmanya

Ọ dị mkpa iji chọpụta ihe ga-ekpebi na aku na uba na-eme n'ọdịnihu. Ka ihe atụ, taa otu n'ime ndị kasị ekwe ebe na-atụle nwere ọgụgụ isi iga na usoro. Ha ịrụ ọrụ na-na-ejikọta ya na data nnyefe. Ya mere, otu ụlọ ọrụ akwusila nke ọzọ. Ọzọ na-elekwasị anya bụ na mmepe nke ikuku iga, nke ga-eme ka a dị ịrịba ama Mbelata ke oge a chọrọ iji ibufe ngwongwo na njem. Otú ọ dị, ma nke ọma nwere ike na-egosi na oge. Dị ka ihe atụ, ná mmalite 2000s, e kweere na n'ọdịnihu dị nso ga-a mgbanwe ke Russia, jikọtara nanotechnology. Na 2006, a tụrụ anya na ọnụego nke uto nke a ahịa na 40% kwa afọ. Ma nke a adịghị eme. Mmejuputa iwu nke oru ngo nke mmepe nke nanotechnologies na Russia adịghị ada ka re-ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta nke mba, ma ọ bụ tufuo na nduzi na ngwaọrụ, ọ bụghị ka a kwesiri ngosi abawanye na larịị nke aku n'uba.

na-ebute ụzọ

STI e na-emepe emepe echiche nke Russia ọchịchị mejuputa iji nke President nke Russian Federation. a na-akpọ ọhụrụ ulo oru teknụzụ na aghọwo ndị engine nke mmepe na-mata. Ọ na-azọrọ na iji ha ka ha ike a mba usoro imewe, ịme ngosi uwe na akpaaka nke ihe ọmụma dabeere na ọrụ. The nkeji nke Presidium nzukọ September 2014 ẹdude a ndepụta teknụzụ iji na-akwado n'okpuru STI. N'etiti ha:

• Mmako technology.
• N'aka robotics na akpaaka, ọgụgụ isi na usoro ime njem.
• Technology imewe nke ihe na owuwu.
• N'aka digital mmepụta.
• Technology nke ụlọ software na-mkpa ka ike a ngwaahịa.

Yiri ntụziaka chọrọ na Ministry of Industry nke Russian Federation. Na-adịbeghị anya, nkà na ụzụ omume na-emejuputa atumatu niile mepere emepe na ọhụrụ mba ndị mepere emepe. World ahụmahụ na-egosi na ha, mmejuputa iwu-enye ịrịba socio-aku mmetụta na-enye ohere ka ike competitiveness nke akụ na ụba mba.

The ibiere oke nke ahịa

Ọ dị mkpa ọ bụghị nanị na dịrị n'otu mgbalị nke azụmahịa, nkà mmụta sayensị na ọchịchị, ma na-iji chọta ezi uche nke ha ngwa. Ya mere, STI ga-dabere na ogologo oge ịkọ, site na nke dị mkpa ka ị chọpụta na ihe ịma aka ga-eche ihu Russia ke 10-15 afọ. Na obi nke National Technology Initiative dabeere na ndị na-esonụ hypotheses:

• The amalite - ọ chọrọ ndị na-agbanwe oge na-aga.
• The ahịa nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu - a netwọk nke ya ewu.
• Planning oge - 2018-2035 afọ.

STI ahịa na-ekenyela na ndabere nke ndị na-esonụ ibiere:

• Volume ụwa site 2035 - karịrị 100 ijeri US dollar.
• N'oge, ọ dịghị ahịa ma ọ bụ na ọ dịghị ọtụtụ ndị nakweere na nkà na ụzụ na ụkpụrụ.
• Usoro ndị dị ka ọgwụgwụ onye ọrụ.
• Network ewu ahịa nke intermediaries na-dochie anya software.
• Mkpa nke akporo maka Russia iji hụ na mkpa nke ndị mmadụ na mba nche.
• Ọnụnọ ke RF gburugburu ebe obibi iji nweta mpi uru.
• Ịdị adị nke oru buu igba n'ulo-agbalịsi ike ọhụrụ elu-tech ụlọ ọrụ na nke a ahịa.

Evaluation nke nwere nke Russia

Dị ka akụkụ nke STI anya ike itoolu ọhụrụ elu-tech ahịa:

• EnergyNet.
• FoodNet.
• SafeNet.
• HealthNet.
• AeroNet.
• MariNet.
• AutoNet.
• FinNet.
• NeuroNet.

Otu n'ime ihe ndị na-egosi na a pụrụ iji chọpụta nwere nke ala-edu ndú na mmepe nke mmepụta technology, bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke patent akwụkwọ bipụtara ya. The zuru n'ọkwá a na-egosi bụ nke China. Fọrọ nke nta ọkara nke ndị nile nchọpụta Kemịkalụ nyere dị ka nke 2015 guru nke China. Russia na-adịghị gụnyere n'elu 10 na nke a na-egosi. Na Russian Federation akụkọ naanị 0,18% nke uwa nọmba nke akwụkwọ na-eche ọhụrụ na nkà na ụzụ ngwọta. Foreign technology ụlọ ọrụ aha na Russia bụ 4 ugboro ọzọ nchọpụta Kemịkalụ karịa bi.

Ize Ndụ na nnyocha nke oru ngo

Mmejuputa STI na Russia jikọtara ndị na-esonụ nsogbu:

• Pọtụfoliyo Russian bi nchọpụta Kemịkalụ na ọtụtụ narị ugboro na-erughị-eduga ná mba ọhụrụ mmepụta teknụzụ. N'etiti ha bụ ndị mba ndị dị ka China, na US, Japan na South Korea.
• Ruo 60-95% nke Russian Federation nchọpụta Kemịkalụ nyere ndị na-abụghị ndị bi na Russia.
• Na ụwa na ubi nke ọhụrụ ulo oru teknụzụ nke na-eduga ụlọ ọrụ. Na Russia, na patentees n'ozuzu ịrụ nnyocha na agụmakwụkwọ njikọ.

Eme ugbu a

N'otu nzukọ nke na-arụ ọrụ otu "STI", bụ nke e guzobere site Agency for Strategic Initiatives, nke e mere na June 22, 2016, tụlere atụmanya maka iwebata na Russia nke teleportation (ala ozi), kwantum nkwurịta okwu ma na-ekewapụ ndị Russian asụsụ. Nzube nke ndị dị otú ahụ a oru ngo bụ iji belata losses si cybercrime na 2035. Ọ na-atụ anya na ndị a jikoro ga-enyere na-0,1% nke GDP. SafeNet oru ngo na-agụnye nyefe nke a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke entities na nkwurịta okwu ọkọlọtọ 5G, eke a na netwọk nke emmepe nke bi nchedo site cyber egwu, mmepe nke ọgụgụ isi home management usoro, sistem, kwurula ugbo ala na weere asụsụ. akụrụngwa mmepe nke kwantum nkwurịta okwu na-zubere maka 2035 na Russian Federation, nke ga-enye a n'ụzọ zuru ezu ala njikọ. N'ihi na ịhụ mmezu nke a ngo chọrọ banyere 10 ijeri rubles. Na kasị nke ala ga-enweta ego, gụnyere site na ịmalite isi obodo ego na mmepe oru.

Nchoputa

Ọbọ Russian na-edu ndú na bu n'obi direction nke STI achọ pụrụ iche mgbalị. New mmepụta technology, doro anya na nwere oké nwere maka mmepe, ma e nwere ịrịba nsogbu na mmejuputa iwu-nke zubere mmemme. Ngwọta ha na-achọ a na-elekwasị anya na ogologo okwu. Otú ọ dị, mba ahụmahụ na-egosi na ihe nweta nke na nkà na ụzụ na-edu ndú na o kwere omume na nnọọ obere oge. Ka ihe atụ, China were naanị afọ asaa. Ndabere nke a pụta bụ na e guzobere staffing, augmenting ntọala ẹdude, mmekọrịta dị n'etiti mahadum na azụmahịa.