Neva Bay Gulf nke Finland nkọwa

Neva egbugbere ọnụ na-akpọ mmiri, emi odude ke n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Gulf nke Finland. Iji n'elu egbugbere ọnụ ofu ogwe aka nke Neva River. Ha na-eri nri na-emighị emi n'ọnụ mmiri, mmiri desalinating ya. Neva Bay e ji kpọmkwem atụmatụ, nke na-akpata a pụrụ iche hydrochemical na hydrobiological ọchịchị.

Nke abụọ aha nke Neva Bay

Ná mmalite nke XIX narị afọ-akwọ ụgbọ mmiri na-eje ozi na Baltic Fleet, eleezie akpọ Gulf Markizova ndoro mmiri na uro. Marine Ministry nke Russian Alaeze Ukwu, mgbe ahụ, gbara Marquis de agazu II. O nyekwara iwu a machibidoro na ogologo oké osimiri na njem ụgbọ mmiri. Fleet cruising, ahapụghị ókè nke Kronstadt. Baltic ọfịsa ji okwu mkparị-akwa emo iwu ukara, mee ya na aha na Bay of nicknames.

obodo ọnọdụ

Site n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ n'ọnụ mmiri Neva egbugbere ọnụ depụtara fringes ájá mmanya kpụrụ Neva. Na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ, ọ ókè nke ngwe akara nke Lisy Nos - Kronstadt - Lomonosov. North n'akụkụ nke mmiri n'akụkụ aka Nature Reserve 'North n'ụsọ Neva Bay. "

Na ndi fọduru nke ndi Gulf nke Finland (bụghị ma hụ chebe onwe) egbugbere ọnụ ejikọrọ isi ike nọ n'ógbè nke Kotlin agwaetiti , mua aha nke North na South Gate. Ma Gulf nke Finland si egbugbere ọnụ ekewapụ (ndepụta nke Mountain - Kronstadt - Bronk) monolithic mgbagwoju, kpụrụ dams, e mere iji chebe St. Petersburg si idei mmiri. Na nke ugbu a ala nke Neva Bay bụ dịpụrụ adịpụ mmiri oruru.

Description nke Neva Bay

Tupu ndị na-ewu dams mmiri ọnụ mirror-ekpuchi ebe ndị 329 km ^2. Ugbu a, nyere na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke na-esite na-aga site na-echebe mgbagwoju kpụrụ dams, egbugbere ọnụ na nso ebe nke 380 km ^2. Waters na aja ewepụghị ike mmiri uka jupụtara n'ime a olu nke 1.2 cubic kilomita.

Neva Bay nke Gulf nke Finland si n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na-esetị 21 kilomita - nke a bụ karịa n'ogologo esite. The kacha obosara nke mmiri ebe bụ banyere 15 kilomita na omimi àmà site atọ ruo ise mita.

Abịaru nso ka nche mgbagwoju na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nakwa n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ n'akụkụ na-gosikwa site hedges eke na wuru si malite. N'ihi ihe mgbochi na Monolithic mmiri mgbanwe n'etiti nnu mmiri, na-ejuputa Gulf nke Finland, na desalinated mmiri ebe nke ọnụ siri ike. Mgbochi anaghị ekwe ka wakpo ifufe mmiri na ebili mmiri, na-aga n'ọnụ mmiri, na egbugbere ọnụ.

The n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ akara Lomonosov shoal, nke obụk nche mgbagwoju, abuts na South Gate. Site na nke a ọwa a igodo na-ekwurịta okwu n'etiti onwe ha ma Gulf Neva egbugbere ọnụ. South Gate ebe adịghị kwa mbara, a ngụkọta nke 200 mita. The nkezi omimi nke mmiri bụ 16 mita.

Neva n'Ọnụ na egbugbere ọnụ ejikọrọ Marine navigable ọwa. The Nevsky n'ụsọ oké osimiri, enyene ọwụwa anyanwụ mmiri nke egbugbere ọnụ kpụrụ a dum usoro si shallows na fairways interspersed na longitudinal n'oghere. Fairways anọchi anya ọwa: Elaginsky, Petrovsky, Galerny, ụgbọ mmiri, ridges na Oké Osimiri. The kacha nta omimi nke 1.5 mita shallows. mmanya ogologo si n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ ruo n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ - 3-5 km, malite n'ebe ndịda ruo n'ebe ugwu - 12-15 km.

Njirimara na nsotu na ọnọdụ ihu igwe

Coast, nke a na-gosikwa Neva egbugbere ọnụ Gulf ugwu, ala, elu ma ọ bụ Wetland o tinyere n'oru saịtị alluvium. N'ikperé bụ tojuru sikrob na woodland. South Coast, ndinyanade mbịne si Strelna ka ọnụ ọnụ nke Neva, ala nke ukwuu. Shore inyịme ọdịda anyanwụ Strelny, elu na kpuchie oké ọhịa. Coast na surf zones dotted na boulders.

Neva egbugbere ọnụ jupụtara na mmiri. Naanị na n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke mmiri brackish mmiri. Na ala gbara osimiri okirikiri mpaghara slowed mmiri mgbanwe. Summer na ogbu mmiri ụtọ ka 16-19 ° C, na ájá - ruo 21-23 Celsius C. Na oge nke igwu oge dịgasị site 50 ruo 70 ụbọchị.

Ice ọchịchị nke Neva Bay

Na-eru nso ufọt ufọt November na a mmiri mirror ice egbugbere ọnụ na-egosi na ụdị nke sludge na abụba. Complete kefriza nke esite na-akara site December ọgwụgwụ. ice cover kpamkpam ike n'oge dị iche iche. Na oge nke oge na-adabere na ihu igwe na n'ọnụ mmiri. The oké jụụ ihu igwe na ice adahade ke 2-3 ụbọchị. Mgbe ifufe na nke dị nwayọọ ntu oyi usoro na-ewe banyere a ọnwa.

N'okpuru typical ọnọdụ, na ọkpụrụkpụ nke ice na njedebe nke oyi abawanye 30-70 sentimita (na ebe adịghị gafere 20 cm fairways). Na nnọọ oké oyi oké osimiri ice ọkpụrụkpụ na ebe-eru nso n'ụsọ oké osimiri na 80-100 cm, na akụkụ bụ isi nke esite - na 60-80 cm, na na fairways bụ 20-30 sentimita. Meghere ihe ice ọkpụrụkpụ nke na-amalite na nke ikpeazụ izu nke April. Na site na njedebe nke ọnwa na Neva Bay nke Gulf nke Finland bụ n'ụzọ zuru ezu gbochiri Wintergrasp.

Ice mpempe akwụkwọ collapses nwayọọ nwayọọ. Ice ọtụtụ bee site cracks na Fairway gape scours. Ice na meghere ụzọ abụọ: site na akụkụ nke n'ọnụ mmiri na coastlines na n'akuku Iru-anyanwu na Ọdida-anyanwu.

The fauna nke Neva Bay

The ichthyofauna nke esite na-anọchi anya 27 umu freshwater azụ: perch, roach, Pike, ruff, dace na ndị ọzọ. N'ime oke ala nke Gulf nke Finland kwuru mmiri umu: okporoko, eelpout, ndagharị, azụ asa, sprat. Ebe a, kwa afọ na-arụpụta banyere 3000 tọn azụ. Nke azụmahịa umu ịrịba ama karịsịa smelt.

Neva Bay - zuru okè ebe obibi nnụnụ. The mejupụtara nke avifauna bụ iche iche. Ebe a akwu ọtụtụ ụdị Waterfowl na wading nnụnụ. Mgbe oge nke Mbugharị na mpaghara nke egbugbere ọnụ na-ahazi na-adọba ụgbọala migratory nnụnụ. N'ime mmiri e nwere ndị nnọchiteanya nke woodpeckers na coraciiformes, waders na passerines, Waterfowl na anụ ufe nke na-eri anụ.