Norway mineral. Nature, ihu igwe na ụlọ ọrụ nke mba

N'ezie, ị na-ama mara ihe banyere obodo dika Norway. On ụwa map i nwere ike ịhụ na ọ bụ a ala emi odude ke Scandinavian Peninsula na Northern Europe. Anyị na-atụ aro ka mikwuo ihe ọmụma ha site n'ịmụ minerals, na ihu igwe, ọdịdị na ụlọ ọrụ nke mba.

Si n'ebe ndịda nakwa n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ n'ókè Norway na Finland (736 km), Sweden (1630 km) na Russia (196 km). Ọ washes n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ- Norwegian Sea, na Barents - si n'ebe ugwu ọwụwa anyanwụ, ndị North Sea - n'ebe ndịda. 25 148 km bụ oké osimiri.

The n'ókèala na State na-agụnye Bouvet Island na Jan Mayen na Svalbard akipelago - a pụrụ iche ndutịm unit, gụnyere Bear Island. Norway na ụwa map na-dị n'okpuru.

Dị ka ị pụrụ ịhụ, na mba n'ókèala erukwa a warara (erughị 420 km-eme ka ọ na-widest akụkụ) tinyere Scandinavian Peninsula, n'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ-n'ụsọ oké osimiri. Ọ na-agụnye ihe nile nkume, agwaetiti na ntakịrị àgwàetiti, emi odude ke territorial mmiri.

Dị ka data nke 1984, na steeti bi na ama 4.140.000 ndị mmadụ. Capital - n'obodo Oslo. Country Norway ekewa 18 mpaghara. Ha na-akpọ fyulke. Norway - ukara asụsụ. Norwegian krone - ego. Nke a na obodo bụ ebe ọ bụ 1960 so na European Free Trade Association.

Mmanụ na gas mee

Gas mmepụta na Norway - otu ihe dị mkpa oru nke aku na uba. Large mee nke eke gas na mmanụ na-lekwasị ke North Sea, ya Norwegian oru. Ha na-eme atụmatụ na 765 ijeri cubic mita. m na 1.5 nde tọn, karị. E nwere a 3/4 nkịtị ubi na mmanụ mee ke ofụri nke Western Europe. Na mmiri dị n'ebe ugwu nke Ugwu Finland ka nnukwu mmanụ mee a hụrụ. Norway ka ọnụ ọgụgụ ha enyene 11 nke ebe ke ererimbot. Ọkara nke ndị nile na-gas na Western Europe na-lekwasị ebe a. Na nke a o ruru 10th ebe ụwa Norway. Ịnweta akụ nke mba ahụ bụ a ọgaranya na n'obosara. 16.8 nde tọn iru gaje mmanụ na gas - 47,7 tcm. m. Oil mmepụta na Norway - a oru na nke gụnyere ihe karịrị 17,000 nọ ná mba a.

More karịa a ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke Norwegian ego bụ ndị na-ewu-egwu nyiwe, nke na-emi odude n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke Bergen, na North Oké Osimiri. Ebe a, e nwere otu nke isi eke gas ubi. The kasị mkpọpu ala ikpo okwu na ụwa e wuru kpọmkwem Norwegians. Ya Ndahie bụ 1 nde tọn. Platform elu - 465 mita.

coal

Na steeti a bụ ndị kasị ukwuu ego nke coal na Arctic akụkụ nke Europe. Ha na-emi odude n'àgwàetiti nke Svalbard (Norway). Kol dị na ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu. Dị ka nke 2002, coal ego na ebe na-eme atụmatụ Norwegian geologists na 10 nde tọn puru omume na pụtara mee nke ego na banyere 135 nde tọn pụrụ ịdabere na - .. 35 nde tọn tumadi coal mee bụ na Barentsburg ubi, Mount Pyramid. Longir (Paleocene), Grumant City. Isi coal na mpaghara na-4 mines dị na akụkụ bụ isi nke agwaetiti n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Svalbard (Norway).

Ịnweta ego na-ejedebeghị na n'elu. Anyị na-agwa gị banyere ụfọdụ ndị ọzọ.

ígwè ore

Iron ore - isi akụ nke metal, nke nwere Norway. Ịnweta akụ nke mba e inyocha na 1999. Dị ka afọ a, mee nke ore ego Norway na-ewe 6-7 ebe n'etiti niile mba ndị ọzọ nke Europe. The atọ isi ụdị na-egosi na Norway ígwè ore nkwụnye ego. Nke a Precambrian ferruginous quartzite (ubi Bornevatn ebe ngụkọta mee nke 1 ijeri tọn, tinyere 100 nde ise - ịrịba), magnetite, hematite ore Cambrian-Silurian (nkwụnye ego banyere Dunderlanna, Ford ọnya) nakwa dị ka hematite, magnetite ore ilmenite, magnetite guzobere (Rodsann, Telnes, koodu, wdg).

vanadium

On mee nke vanadium ewe 2nd ebe Western Europe (mgbe Finland) Norway. Mineral, nke na ọ na-amịpụtara (ka vanadium na a dị ọcha ụdị bụghị dị na uwa), ukwuu n'ime lekwasị ke ubi Rodsann. The ego nke ore na-eme atụmatụ banyere 12-15 nde tọn.

Titan

Norway mee nke a ịnweta nwere a-eduga ọnọdụ ndị ọzọ na mba Europe. Isi ulo oru mmasị bụ anorthosite ógbè eigersund. Ebe a na-Europe kasị ukwuu ego nke ụdị. Telnes m, Europe kasị ukwuu mee nke ilmenite (nọchiri n'okpuru), dịkwa mkpa.

ọla kọpa

Ọla kọpa na-tumadi na-emepụta na anya n'ebe ugwu. E nwekwara ubi nke pyrites eji na chemical ụlọ ọrụ maka mgbake nke sọlfọ ogige. Ke adianade do, ubi na-na-mepụtara iche iche iche iche nke na-ewu nkume, gụnyere marble na konkiri.

On mee nke ọla kọpa ores n'ala n'etiti top iri na mba Europe, dị ka data 1999. Industrial uru Norway bụ ọla kọpa ore ebe: Sulitelma (Sulihelma), Trondheim (Fosdalen, Tverfellet, Lokket et al.), Grong (Skuruvatn, YoMA).

ọzọ minerals

Na Norway, ke adianade ọzọ minerals, e nwere silver ore. Na Kongsberg bụ n'ezie silver ores na Bleykvassli na Mufellete - edu ndú-zinc ego, site na nke metal na-ewepụ. Ọzọkwa a na mba nwere mee nke gold (pyrite ego), graphite (na banyere. Senja Skalani), phosphate ores (nkwụnye ego koodu) nepheline syenite (agwaetiti Sherno), feldspar (district Glamslann), olivine ájá (Aheym), talc (Gudbrandsdalen Valle, Filit Altenmarku), na nkume nzu (Dahlen, Slemmestad, Kirholt), marble (Lyngstad), dolomite (Kragero ebe).

ụlọ ọrụ na Norway

Ugbu a, na okwu nke GDP Norway enyene 26 ebe n'etiti mba ndị ọzọ na ụwa (dị ka nke 2006). bi ọdịmma bụ n'ụzọ dị ukwuu dabere na mmanụ nnụcha na gas ụlọ ọrụ.

The ngwa ngwa ijeụkwụ na-emepe emepe n'ichepụta ụlọ ọrụ na mba nke na-adọrọ mmasị anyị. Nke a bụ n'ihi na oke ego aga, nakwa dị ka a warara anụ ụlọ ahịa. 26% nke oké njọ mmepụta na 17% na-arụ ọrụ bụ na ike òkè nke ndị na-ewu na n'ichepụta ọrụ. Energy-kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ ụlọ ọrụ e mepụtara na-adịbeghị anya. Ụlọ ọrụ na Norway na-agụnye ndị na-esonụ isi ige: electrochemical, ELECTROMETALLURGICAL, redio, pulp na akwụkwọ, shipbuilding. The kasị elu larịị nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na ebe akara ke Oslo Fjord. Ebe ọ bụ itinye ihe dị ka ọkara ndị niile na ulo oru ụlọ ọrụ na Norway.

Na-eduga na alaka nke ụlọ ọrụ ná mba a - electrometallurgy. Ọ na-ewuli ke ọtụtụ ojiji nke ọnụ ala hydropower. Aluminum isi ngwaahịa ka nke aluminum oxide, nke a na-dị.

chemical ụlọ ọrụ

N'ógbè Telemark ná mmalite narị afọ nke 20 na ọ e kere electrochemical mmepụta. N'ụzọ dị otú a bụ mmalite nke chemical ụlọ ọrụ ná mba ahụ.

Norway taa ebupụ ulo oru eji explosives, nitrogen fatịlaịza, ágbá, alginates. Ha n'ichepụta ya enyene bụghị naanị na Europe, na-eduga ọnọdụ, ma, ọbụna na ụwa. Azụlitewo ngwa ngwa na-adịbeghị anya, petrochemistry. Na ya isi e nwere na mmepụta nke plastik ndị ọzọ sịntetik ihe.

Nitrogen fatịlaịza bụ otu n'ime ndị isi na ngwaahịa na na-emepụta site na electrochemical ụlọ ọrụ. Nitrogen dị mkpa n'ihi nke a, na-amịpụtara na ojiji nke nnukwu ichekwa ọkụ eletrik si ikuku. Ọ exported a ịrịba òkè nke na-emepụta nitrogen nri.

osisi ụlọ ọrụ

37% nke mba kpuchie oké ọhịa. The kasị nkịtị na Norway ọhịa ụdị osisi - birch, Scots pine na spruce. The osisi ngwaahịa bụ ugbu a na mba 2 ugboro karịa 100 afọ gara aga. Ọwọrọ ugbo bụ ezinụlọ mgbe eduga oke ohia na ugbo. Ha ná mba a ukwuu. Na Norway ezinụlọ oke ohia dị iche iche ahaziri na obere size domain. Nke a na-emepụta ọma na ọnọdụ maka ichebe mba biodiversity. Otu ihe dị mkpa oru nke mba ụlọ ọrụ bụ pulp na akwụkwọ ụlọ ọrụ.

engineering

Banyere 25% niile na ulo oru na-arụ ọrụ na-arụrụ ọrụ na imewe nke iga na ngwá na dị iche iche na ígwè ọrụ. Ihe kacha mkpa ebe nke ọrụ - ịrụzi ụgbọ mmiri na shipbuilding, mmepụta nke ngwá maka nnyefe na ike ọgbọ. Mechanical engineering - nnọọ ụmụaka ụlọ ọrụ ná mba a. Na òkè nke ndị mba ọzọ isi obodo na post-agha afọ e kere nnukwu shipyards na ụlọ mmepụta ihe na, ọkachamara na mmepụta nke haịdrọlik turbines, offshore mmanụ mkpọpu ala nyiwe, n'ji na ulo oru electronic na ọkụ na ngwá.

Uwe, nri na akwa ụlọ ọrụ

Food, uwe na akwa ụlọ ọrụ na-exported obere ngwaahịa. Ha igbo mkpa nke ala onwe ya na uwe na ihe oriri. Banyere 20% niile na ulo oru na-arụ ọrụ na Norway na-arụrụ ọrụ na ndị a ọrụ.

azụ nhazi ụlọ ọrụ

ọ dị mkpa ka Norway fọrọ nke nta dị ka nke ọma dị ka mmanụ na gas mmepụta. Isi emmepe nke azụ nhazi - bụ Bergen, Stavanger, Trondheim, Ålesund. A ịrịba akụkụ nke Russian na-akụ azụ nke ha catch na-enye Norway maka nhazi. Russia - ọ bụ na-otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu na-eji ọkụ nke azụ na ngwaahịa. Norwegian Aquaculture ikpeazụ iri afọ atọ azụlitewo ngwa ngwa. Rich ahụmahụ e nwetara n'ihi na mmepụta nke dị iche iche ngwá maka cultivation nke azụ, nlekota oru, na mmepụta teknụzụ na ubi nke azụ nhazi.

The enyemaka nke mba

Relief na-enye aka Norway ego, dị ka mba ọ bụla ọzọ, nwere ihe jikọrọ. Ọ bụ na enyemaka na-adabere n'ụzọ dị ukwuu na ya, ihe aku nwere a State. Norway - a mba nke enyene a nnukwu ebe ugwu ugwu teren. Scandinavian ugwu - ọ bụ karịa 70% nke ala. Ha gbatịa si n'ebe ndịda ọdịda anyanwụ-na n'ebe ugwu-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke 1700 km. The nkezi elu nke Scandinavian ugwu nke 1600-1900 m (kacha - 2469 mita, ugwu galdhøpiggen). Seaside warara gbalaga (a na-akpọ stranflat) ogide di ala ala. Ha obosara bụ 40-50 km. Ha na-hụrụ tumadi na n'ebe ndịda nke obodo, na obere òkè, na mpaghara nke Oslo Ford. On Fjeld (Plateau-peneplains) dissected site fjords (ndagwurugwu) nke ugwu. Ugwu nke mba bụ a ala ugwu ugwu dị larịị na-akpọ Finnmarken. Ya elu bụ 300-500 mita. 1139 mita na-eru ndị kasị elu n'ebe ah u (nke Chuokkarassa), a ọhịa-tundra na gornotundrovymi Okirikiri. Na Fjeld nkọ iche bụ nke ukwuu dissected na mkpọda ugwu nke Scandinavian n'ugwu. Ebe a na-tumadi apịtị ọhịa. Dị ka ị pụrụ ịhụ, na ọdịdị na Norway bụ iche iche.

Ná mba a, ọtụtụ agwaetiti (sọlfọ, Magere, Senja, Vesterålen, Lofoten). The kasị ibu osimiri: Logen (Gudbrandsdalen), Glomma, Logen (Numedal). Nature Norway na-ji ọnụnọ nke ọdọ mmiri. Ha ogide banyere 4% nke ókèala. A ọdọ mmiri na-ukwuu n'ime ice. Nnukwu - Mjøsa. About 27% nke ala kpuchie oké ọhịa. Archipelago Shpitsenbergen (Islands Spitsbergen, Edge, Nordaustlandet, Bear, Barents et al.) Na-ji nwetụ elu ugwu dị larịị, ridges na ndagwurugwu n'obosara. Indented fiords ya n'ụsọ oké osimiri. Kasịnụ n'ọtụtụ kasị elu ebe a - Newton (elu - 1712 m). Ice Ibé akwụkwọ kpuchie ihe karịrị ọkara nke akipelago. Permafrost mepụtara n'ebe nile.

ihu igwe

N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na, dị ka ndị ọzọ Nordic mba, Norway ọ dị iche iche na-ekpo ọkụ summers, ọ bụ pụta ụwa a mma idụhe. Nke a nzaghachi bụ Gulf Stream. The idụhe ke mba a bụ ọnọdụ, subarctic - dị n'ebe ugwu, oké osimiri - na ala gbara osimiri okirikiri ebe. Country Norway na-ji a nnọọ nwayọọ oyi. Na January, nkezi okpomọkụ bụ site -12 ° C n'ebe ugwu na n'ebe ndịda - +2 Celsius C. Oge okpomọkụ na-jụụ (+6 ... + 15 ° C), bụ mgbe ike ifufe na mmiri ozuzo. Ọdịda dịgasị site na 300 mm kwa afọ (ọwụwa anyanwụ) to 3000 mm (tumadi n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ mkpọda). N'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ mkpọda nke intermountain efere gosipụtara continental idụhe. Ice Ibé akwụkwọ nwere ọtụtụ Fjeld. Ngụkọta nke ebe ice bụ mkpokọta 5000 sq. km. Indented fjords coastline.

seismicity

N'imechi nkọwa nke Norway, tinye a di na nwunye nke okwu banyere seismicity. Country bụ n'ime mpaghara, ji ala seismic ọrụ. Ihu ọma, na epicenters nke plurality nke obere ala ọma jijiji, tinyere ndị Atlantic n'ụsọ oké osimiri.