Ọgwụgwọ nke melanoma: nke nkiti usoro

Melanoma - a ajọ ọdịdị nke ngwọta. Ọ na-amalite site na ink na-akpụ mkpụrụ ndụ na-akpọ melanocytes na-enwe ike iji na-emepụta melanin na-echebe akpụkpọ si ultraviolet radieshon. A, melanoma kpụrụ na-emeghe ebe ahụ, ọ bụ ezie na ike ime ka mucous membranes, ma ọ bụ ndị retina anya na mpaghara nke ike. Ọ ga-kwuru na a na-adọ na ịgwọ ọrịa a na-enwekwu ohere nke mgbake nke ọrịa.

Ọgwụgwọ nke melanoma surgically

Ihichapụ data entities site ịwa ahụ na-abụkarị isi usoro nke ọgwụ. The ọrụ ná mmalite nkebi nke ọrịa na-eme ka o kwe omume iji nweta ezi ihe. Dabere na ogbo nke akpụ development na size nke melanoma na-esonụ agwọ ọrịa nwere ike rụrụ site ịwa ahụ:

• mfe mwepụ na-agụnye excision nke a akpụ na a obere ego nke nkịtị akpụkpọ sel, nke na-emi odude na na n'ọnụ nke enweghị nchịkwa guzobere;
• obosara excision ekenịmde n'elu nkwenye nke nchoputa nke melanoma (na nke a, na size ndiiche si n'ọnụ melanoma na-adabere na ya ọkpụrụkpụ).

ọzọ arụmọrụ

Na orunótu nke etuto ahụ na aka ma ọ bụ ụkwụ na n'oge gara aga ọtụtụ rụrụ bepụ ụkwụ. Iji ụbọchị, usoro a ekpofu ka obosara excision na-enye ezigbo ihe. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa mwepụ nke Lymph na n'ihu microscopic ule iji gosi na ọnụnọ nke ndụ nke kansa. Na mgbe e mesịrị nkebi nke a cancer nwere ike rụrụ ịwa ahụ mwepụ nke metastases.

ọgwụ

Ọgwụgwọ nke melanoma na-anara ọgwụ na-agụnye ọgwụ na-egbu cancer mkpụrụ ndụ. Ọ na-adịkarị kenyere onu iche ma ọ bụ n'ihi na igba ogwu n'akwara ochichi. Ọ ga-kwuru na ọgwụ ọjọọ maka ọgwụ na-egbu mkpụrụ ndụ na-eke ngwa ngwa, ya mere, mgbe ọgwụgwọ dị otú ahụ nwere ike mebiri emebi ụmị ọkpụkpụ, onu mucosa na eriri afọ, nakwa dị ka ntutu follicles. Ọgwụgwọ nke melanoma na-rụrụ na ọgwụ ọjọọ dị otú ahụ "Dacarbazine", "Cisplatin", "Temozolomide", "Paklimaksel".

immunotherapy

Ọgwụgwọ nke melanomas nwere na-agụnye ihe iji na-ewusi ike na dịghịzi usoro. Ọ ga-kwuru na mgbe ụfọdụ, immunotherapy nwere ike etinyere ọbụna mbubreyo nkebi nke cancer usoro.

Ọrịa nwere ike ndinọ cytokines. Nke a protein, nke na-ekpughe a n'ozuzu stimulatory utịp ke dịghịzi usoro. Ọtụtụ mgbe na-eji "interferon-Alfa" ma ọ bụ "IL-2" n'ụdị nke igba ogwu n'akwara ma ọ bụ subcutaneous injections. Ọgwụgwọ dị otú ahụ na-enye ohere iji belata melanoma akpụ nha ọbụna na 3-4th ogbo cancer.

palliative ọgwụ

N'ọnọdụ ebe akpụ iji wepu ma ọ kwụsị cancer usoro bụ ekwe omume, ọ na-enwe symptomatic ọgwụgwọ, na-iji na-ewepụ ihe mgbu. Akpa, na-abụghị opioid analgesics kenyere - "Ịṅụ Ọgwụ Aspirin", "paracetamol", na ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa - opioid analgesics dabeere morphine. Palliative na-elekọta nwere ike na-agụnye radieshon ọgwụ, nke bụ enweghị ike kpamkpam gwọọ ndị ọrịa cancer, ma ọ na-enyere na-ebelata ya ngwa mmepe. Ke adianade do, radieshon ọgwụgwọ nwere ike mụụrụ dị ka ihe adjunct mgbe ịwa ahụ mwepụ nke ngwọta.

Na ndị mwute mgbe ebe melanoma na-chọpụtara, ọgwụgwọ na-eri na ego nke ga-ekwe omume ịwa ahụ adọ kpebisiri ike n'otu n'otu-ewere n'ime akaụntụ peculiarities nke onkoprotsessa, ya njupụta na ogo mmepe.