Olee otú ime ka a brick ntọala ji aka ya

Ọtụtụ mgbe suburban ala-na-na ịrị elu ụlọ monolithic ihe ntọala na-wụsara. Mgbe ụfọdụ, Otú ọ dị, iwu na isi nke ụlọ a na-eji na brick. Oke nke ihe a bụ na ọtụtụ mgbe kpebisiri ike site n'eziokwu ahụ bụ na ọ ga-ewu a nnọọ mma si ele ihe anya nke aesthetics, imewe.

The uru nke na-eji brik

The imewe ndụ nke ntọala ndị na rụọ bụ obere karịa nke monolithic. Ma, ọ na-ahụ kwuru na na na omume ọ na-emekarị na-eme ndị ọzọ ụzọ gburugburu. Ọ bụrụ na ihe rịbọn ụlọ ike reliably chebe mgbidi ụlọ n'aka mbibi n'oge afọ 200-300, ndị ọrụ ndụ nke brick isi bụ mgbe ihe karịrị 400. Ma nke N'ezie, ndị dị otú ahụ siri ike na inogide imewe ga-atụgharị naanị mgbe nkenke nke ya na-ewu technology. Mgbe e mesịrị na isiokwu, ma na-atụle otú ịtọ ntọala nke brik na ha aka n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị.

Mgbe ụfọdụ, i nwere ike iji brick kama ihe

Ewuru ntọala nke ụdị ụlọ ukwuu n'ime naanị akọrọ Ona nepuchinistyh. Ọ bụkwa na-achọsi ike na larịị nke ala na-ewu ihe owuwu ka ala dị ka o kwere omume. Ọ bụghị kwa n'ala siri ike brick ntọala na-ekwe na-anakọta naanị na tupu agbapụtara ihe "fom" na amanyere bụ iwu mkwado. Na elu mmiri table na ngwa agha na-agbakwunye pụrụ iche formulations na mma ya waterproofing Njirimara. Ma ọ bụghị ya, dị a na ntọala ga-ngwa ngwa njọ n'ihi mmiri.

N'ihi na ụlọ n'elu atọ ala nke brick ntọala nke ụlọ codes machibidoro iwu. Ọ bụrụ na nke mberede na-enye ohere ụlọ nke a dị ike na mesikwuru isi nke a di iche iche. Otú ọ dị, na nke a, ntọala na-aga owara ọnụ. Ya mere, na omume, a ụlọ nke 3 ala n'ozuzu wuru ma monolithic ihe ntọala.

Tinyere ihe ndị ọzọ, nke a na ụdị imewe esiwak anakọtara n'okpuru mgbidi ụlọ mere nke ìhè na ihe. Dị ka ihe atụ, a nnọọ mma ngwọta bụ iwu a ntọala nke brik n'okpuru log ụlọ. Dị nnọọ mma, a nhọrọ bụ ezigbo maka Planking, panel ụlọ ma ọ bụ a mgbidi wuru ụfụfụ ihe. N'okpuru brick ma ọ bụ monolithic owuwu ndị dị otú ahụ ihe mgbakwasị na-adịghị eju eju. Na nke a kwa, ọ bụ ihe amamihe na-ewu a monolithic mesikwuru ihe Ọdịdị.

Regulations otú ahụ ihe mgbakwasị ike ga-eji ọ bụghị nanị na maka ụlọ obibi, ma n'ihi na ihe ọ bụla ọzọ ụlọ ọrụ. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ihe atụ, na-akpọlite site na ntọala brick n'okpuru saa, na arbor, ụgbọala. nzukọ usoro nke a isi na-ewu maka dị iche iche na nzube bụ na ihe.

Olee otú ịhọrọ a ihe onwunwe

Iche brik n'oge ugbu ahịa, e nwere ọtụtụ. Otú ọ dị, iji maka owuwu nke ntọala nwere ike ọ bụghị ihe nile ụdị ihe onwunwe. Adabara nke a, naanị red seramiiki brick, na ọbụna mgbe bụghị onye ọ bụla. Indicators nkume kara aka maka ndị na-ewu nke isi nke n'ụlọ ahụ ga-abụ:

• ika ike nke ọ dịkarịa ala 150;

• ntu oyi 35 cycles;

• njupụta nke ihe na-erughị 1600 kg / m ^3;

• mmiri absorption - 6-16%.

The ndị mmadụ ihe na-ezukọ a niile chọrọ, a na-akpọ Adobe-Zheleznyak. Mgbe ị na-ahọrọ ndị dị otú ahụ a nkume kwesịrị ntị gụnyere ọdịdị ya. Adobe-acha ọbara ọbara na-egosi na ọ na-nsure, na ya mere nnọọ inogide na iru mmiri na-eguzogide ọgwụ. Concave ma ọ bụ convex n'ọnụ nke nkume, na Kama nke ahụ, na-atụ aro na ọ na-na-na oven maka kwa ogologo. Dị otú ahụ dị iche iche brick-emebi emebi. Mee a ntọala nke ụlọ nwere ike ịbụ naanị na nke kasị mma ihe. Ya mere, ihe ndị ọzọ, zuo nke nkume kwesịrị ntị ka ugwu nke soplaya na emeputa.

Mgbe ụfọdụ, ndị nwe suburban ebe kpọmkwem ntọala (ya n'okpuru ala akụkụ) a na-egbute site hematite na plinth - si ájá-lime brick. Ime otú ewu codes kwere. Ma ọ bụ nanị na ihe ndị kasị oké ikpe - na akọrọ Ona na na-ewu ihe ụfọdụ na-adịghị mkpa ụlọ (okpomọkụ kichin, ụgbọala, ẹduọk, hozblok, wdg ...).

Egwu ala a trenchi

Ebe ọ bụ na ntọala e wuru nke brick na ya aka? Nzọụkwụ site nzọụkwụ nzukọ ntụziaka nke a owuwu ga-nyere mgbe e mesịrị na isiokwu a n'ụzọ zuru ezu. Otú ọ dị, kwesịrị ka obibi ihe kwesịrị a miri dọrọ n'okpuru a Ọdịdị, na iji kwesịrị ekwesị ịrụ preparatory ọrụ.

Rụọ nke nkume ụlọ ụkpụrụ kwere nanị columnar ma ọ bụ teepu ntọala ụlọ. Ekwela anakọta brik na weakly mikwuo ntọala brik. Naanị a nhazi, ọ bụla ikpe, a ga-emi odude n'okpuru ntu oyi akara. N'ebe ndịda na mpaghara nke mba, ọnụ ọgụgụ bụ 0.6-1 m, n'ebe ugwu nwere ike iru ruo 2.5 m. The kpọmkwem ọnụ ọgụgụ nwere ike dị na pụrụ iche directories.

Trenches n'okpuru brick ntọala ga-igwu bụghị naanị miri, ma n'obosara. N'ezie, na nke a, na-elekọta ga-a ka nwere Mason ezu dị ohere maka masonry. Mgbe erection nke brick ntọala bụ "extra" ohere jupụtara na gbasaa ụrọ ma ọ bụ ìhè ala. Nke a-enye gị ohere iji belata ọnụego nke kefriza larịị maka kpọmkwem, nakwa dị ka iwelata ọjọọ mmetụta na ala akụkụ nke ndị na-ewu n'ime mmiri nke ọzịza.

The ike nke miri dọrọ gwuru n'okpuru a isi n'okpuru otu iwu dị ka a nkịtị ịrị elu. Nke ahụ bụ, tupu na-akanye na-rụrụ iji mkpọ na udo (site na usoro "Ijipt triangle" , ma ọ bụ "nke abụọ akụkụ"), na mgbe ahụ mere earthworks.

Nkwadebe nke ihe ngwọta maka masonry

Àgwà nke brick ntọala nke ụba chọrọ. Mgbe niile, otú ọ ga-adị mfe, ịchọpụta na afọ ndụ nke ụlọ kpamkpam. Ya mere ị ga-ewere a ọrụ obibia bụghị nanị na-oke nke nkume, kamakwa usoro maka akwadebe ngwọta. The ájá n'ihu ogbe kwesịrị ijide n'aka ifucha. Wayo na a ngwọta mere maka tọkwara ntọala, ọ bụla ikpe adịghị tinye. Mkpa ịkwadebe ngwakọta eji a igwekota. The homogeneous mejupụtara bụ, mma.

Na-ewu nke warara ntọala: preparatory ọrụ

Gwupụtatụrụla miri dọrọ ke ukot nke ulo ọma tupu-sụkọtara na boo na ala dị larịị. Ọzọkwa, ọ na-wụsara ájá-gravel ngwakọta na a ọkpụrụkpụ nke 15 cm. Ihe "fom" juputara compacted rammer na mmiri. Mgbe ahụ kwadebe waterproofing oyi akwa. Iji gbochie wetting nke ntọala naanị na ọrụ nke "fom" akpọrepu roofing ihe onwunwe (oyi akwa 2-3). N'out oge na waterproofing ala na akụkụ ya na-achọsi ike iji ndokwa. N'ihi na nke a na web na abụọ na bitumen mastic mado ọzọ warara nke roofing ihe onwunwe.

Ndokwa nke a support ngwọta

On soft n'ala brick ntọala, dị ka ekwuola, wuru na tupu ndokwa nke ihe "fom". Nke ikpeazụ a na-wụsara na formwork na nwee ume osisi etiti, kpọkọtara si mkpanaka 12 mm. Ọkpụrụkpụ nke "fom" kwesịrị dịkarịa ala 10 cm. Tupu gbakọta ogidi nke ya mkpa na-adị ndụ maka izu abụọ.

Ịgbakọta warara ntọala

The mbụ Ahịrị nke brik enịm na na ihe ma ọ bụ roofing ihe onwunwe na ndochi na ụdi ligation na a ngwọta nke vetikal seams. Ọzọ, nzukọ ntọala edu izugbe iwu nke amanyere bụ iwu mkwado, vetikal na kehoraizin. Wuo isi nke brick ụlọ bụ nanị kwe omume na-alụbeghị di-ahiri bandaging nke seams. Iji belata adhesion Ọdịdị nke mgbidi na ala, grouting a rụrụ (iwepụ). Ọ bụghị naanị na-emeso nkwonkwo mgbe ekemende techie mgbidi nke ihe owuwu a na-ẹkekerede maka inwekwu waterproofing.

Pụrụ ịdabere pie ntọala nke brik ji aka ya: nzọụkwụ site nzọụkwụ ndu

Ebe a, ndị isi na-adịghị gwuru olulu dị ka mgbe iji ihe ngwa agha, na miri dọrọ. Mgbe niile, maka ogidi nke masonry mụrụ-achọ ohere. Mee nkwado dị mkpa nile n'okpuru ibu-amị mgbidi ụlọ. Manye posts ga-gwa na nkuku. Ọzọkwa, ha ga-arụnyere na nrutu nke mgbidi. The kacha nta n'akụkụ ogologo nke square ngalaba kọlụm - 380mm (1.5 brik). N'elu ala support bilie dịkarịa ala, 20 cm.

Iji nweta a ezigbo masonry, akpa miri dọrọ arụnyere downed si mbadamba-igbe ndebiri. N'okpuru ndị a tupu tọrọ waterproofing na wụsara ihe na mpe mpe akwa.

Masonry bụ na ndị a ndebiri. Mgbe ị ẹkenịm ọtụtụ ahịrị, igbe a na-ewepụ. N'ihi ya, n'ime na kọlụm na-anọgide efu ohere ka jupụta ihe. masonry ihe ndị ọzọ mgbe niile na ọbụna ewepụtụ brik ahụ chọrọ elu. Ndị fọdụrụ ogidi na center nke oghere ohere na-etinyere oyiyi akwa (atọ mkpanaka 12 mm) na ngwọta e wụsara.

N'elu ala njikere ogidi mgbe jikọọ ihe rịbọn. Ọ wụsara na formwork na mkwado. Associate akụkụ ọ bụla ọzọ na na-agaghị ekwe omume ogidi. Kama ihe, mbara n'etiti ogidi nwekwara ike nanị ebikwasị brik.

Fundam brik maka bath

Ụkpụrụ nke ndị na-ewu nke isi dị otú ahụ a Ọdịdị otu ihe ahụ maka residential ụlọ. Ọtụtụ mgbe, ntọala mere brik na aka-ha maka bath wụsara n'ime n'ụdị a na-aga n'ihu teepu. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na mgbidi a kwesŽrŽ ime ka panel, ị nwere ike ịzọpụta na jikwaa columnar isi. N'ihi na n'okpuru ala akụkụ nke warara ntọala a bath kacha mma iji red brick. Silicate egwu mmiri. Ọzọkwa na imu nke isi n'okpuru mgbidi nke bath uche ga-akwụ ụgwọ iji waterproofing.

Olee otú ime ka a ntọala nke brik na aka ha gazebo

Na nke a, ọ ga-ezu iji kwem anọ ogidi na nkuku nke ihe owuwu. N'okpuru nnọọ ìhè pergola dị otú ahụ ntọala na-mgbe ụfọdụ ọbụna na-agbajikwu. N'ihi na ibu nrụnye nke ụdị na-arụnyere 6-8 ụkwụ.

Dị ka nke warara ntọala brick saa, n'okpuru ihe arbor isi ka waterproofed. N'okpuru support chọrọ dabara roofing ihe onwunwe na ọtụtụ n'ígwé. Mgbe ejuputa efu center ogidi setịpụrụ nageli Ogwe ma ọ bụ n'okpuru njikota na stud etiti gazebo. N'elu elu nke nkwado ha ga-ebili site na 20 cm. Na ihe Ogwe nwekwara mikwuo 20 cm.