Onye chọpụtara onu nke roba vulcanization, na ihe ọ bụ?

Onye chọpụtara onu nke roba vulcanization, ọ bụghị onye ọ bụla maara. Ọ bụ ezie na aha onye a aha ugboro ugboro na mgbasa ozi. Aha ya bụ Charles Nelson Goodyear, na taa aha ya, "bụ" ama ika na taya. Enweghị ya ndisịn idem, "Indian roba" (roba) nwere ike mgbe nwetara nile eji, t. Iji. Ọ bụ nanị a gimmick, ozugbo si America. N'ihi na ọtụtụ afọ, Charles mụụrụ ọtụtụ nwere dị iche iche na Ịgwakọta roba mmiri (site na turpentine ka nsí zinc oxide), mgbe ke 1839 afọ na-adịghị meghere site mejupụtara nke umi na sọlfọ ahụ.

Gịnị bụ roba vulcanization usoro? Si ele ihe anya nke onwu - a mgbanwe roba compound ụmụ irighiri na atọ akụkụ gbasara ohere okporo ụdị, na transverse chemical agbụ ndị pụtara obere. Nke ikpeazụ onwunwe na-enye ohere na taya ịnọgide otu ukwuu mgbanwe, otú e nwere eke roba, site na nke ọ mere.

Na roba vulcanization okporo nwere ike nwetara n'okpuru elu okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ ụzarị ọkụ, ya na mgbe n'itinye pụrụ iche chemical n'ụlọnga. Dị ka a na-achị, n'ihi na ịwa ahụ iji pụrụ iche nkeji dị ka boilers, Ọgwụ na ịkpụzi igwe, ígwè obibi, autoclaves, shaper-vulcanizers na coolants (site na-ekpo ọkụ uzuoku na eletriki kpo oku).

Bụla. okpomọkụ nke raw roba pụrụ nnọọ iche iche dabere na ojiji nke ikpeazụ ngwaahịa. A kpochapụwo nso si 130 na 200 degrees Celsius, ọ bụ ezie na roba coatings na adhesives mgbe ụfọdụ gwọrọ na ụlọ okpomọkụ (na 20 degrees, na "oyi vulcanization"). Bekee mmadụ bụ nnọọ iche iche n'ihi na a nyere usoro. Ọtụtụ mgbe rụrụ na igirigi ibu sulphuric vulcanization, nke na-enye ohere na-enweta ndị diene rubbers eji na taya n'ichepụta na roba akpụkpọ ụkwụ. Ke adianade do, òkè dị mkpa na-egwuri site na-akpọ "boosters" (n'ihi na nke ikpeazụ ụdị usoro), na ọ bụ tumadi sulfonamides na nnọchianya TIZOL.

Hot vulcanization roba nwere ike mụụrụ na a nnọọ obere oge ma ọ bụrụ na ndị na-esikwu na-abuana ke a chemical usoro: dithiocarbamates, ma ọ bụ xanthates. Na nke a na-arụ ọrụ na-ewe ebe ngwa ngwa na okpomọkụ nke banyere 110-125 degrees. N'ihi gwọrọ ndị adhesives na ụfọdụ latex ejikọta ala okpomọkụ (20 na 100 degrees) nwere ike ji mee mgbe eji sodium dimethyldithiocarbamate.

Eji na vulcanization roba inyeaka bekee (oligoester acrylates, peroxides, phenol resin, wdg) Ka inweta ngwaahịa na-elu okpomọkụ na-eguzogide, monolithic, mma dielectric Njirimara. Ọ bụkwa bụghị ikpeazụ ọrụ ke kpụworo a ngwaahịa (site na ọbụ akpụkpọ ụkwụ ka ọla), antioxidants (play ogologo ndụ roba) na plasticizers, ikwe iji belata viscosity nke umi ke ọgwụgwọ na ọnụego "erasing".