Order Andreya Pervozvannogo: ihe mere eme, nkọwa, naiti

Order of St. Andrew - otu n'ime ndị isi na akara nke Russian ala. Ọ bụghị naanị nke ahụ, ọ bụ ya bụ onye mbụ guzosie ike na mba anyị ukpono, ọ bụ ogologo oge - ruo 1917 - ọ ẹkenịmde a elu na hierarchy nke ala iwu na-Ọla. Na 1998, a ọnọdụ site na iwu Borisa Eltsina ọ laghachiri.

Order Andreya Pervozvannogo e kere a nnọọ ike oge maka mba: e nwere onye na-arụsi ọrụ ike nkwadebe maka Great Northern War, Russia nọ na-akwadebe na-a par na ndị dike European ike. The mbụ na Russian ala award bụ na-anọchi anya mba ugwu, ya nri na-akwanyere ndị ọzọ na-ekwu. Ọ bụ ihe ọ bụla mberede chi nke a award bụ otu n'ime ezigbo ndị na-eso ụzọ Pita hoputara - Andrey Pervozvanny, onye na-egwuri na otu oge a nnukwu ọrụ ke guzobere Kievan rus.

The draft ukpuru, nke kọwara Order Andreya Pervozvannogo, gụnyere na-akwadebe na-arụsi ọrụ mgbalị nke Peter I. Dị ka otu version ọ bụ ya na-atụ aro na-eme ka ihe nnọchianya nke a award abụọ gafere ọcha edoghi na a-acha anụnụ anụnụ ubi, na Order onwe ya na-ọdịda ka ndị "oké ọrụ ka nna ". Iwu na oruru nke Order e banyere site n'ọdịnihu akwa edidem ke mbubreyo March 1699.

Knights 'mbụ teepu, bụ nke e wusiri ike site Order Andreya Pervozvannogo, na-agbalị na Admiral FA Golovin, ma nke abụọ naiti nke nsogbu pụta: ọ ghọrọ a ọjọọ onyeisi Ivan Mazepa, onye anya nyefere Charles XII, n'ihi na ọ bụghị nanị anathema, ma furu efu kasị elu Russian award. Pita n'onwe ya, na mberede, ghọrọ naanị nke isii njide nke a elu ka.

Knights nke Order Andreya Pervozvannogo natara Insignia, nke bụ a silver cross, kowe na a ndabere nke a abụọ-gawa ugo ọlaedo na agba na asatọ-kapịrị ọnụ kpakpando. Onwe ya ihe ịrịba ama a na-ese-acha anụnụ anụnụ ma na etiti nke ihe oyiyi Andreya Pervozvannogo. Order na-na-eyi na a-acha anụnụ anụnụ rịbọn, elegantly dịkwa n'elu-nri-ya n'ubu, na-ekpe ara bụ ukraschat asatọ kapịrị ọnụ kpakpando.

Gasịrị, nke dị gburugburu na-achọ ịbata n'ihi na nke a award bụ nanị ndị kasị elu J.Randall nke ala, na-akwụghachi nnọọ ụgwọ ha inye mmadụ ikike aha onyeisi-n'ozuzu. Ke adianade do, ọ na-a omenala awade Order Andreya Pervozvannogo na nwa òtù nke alaeze ukwu ezinụlọ.

N'out oge, na-Russian nwe a award nwere ike ịbụ ihe ọzọ karịa iri na abụọ. Dị nnọọ na oge nke na February mgbanwe, na Order Andreya Pervozvannogo e ọdịda, dị ka dị iche iche atụmatụ, si 900 na 1,100 ndị mmadụ, gụnyere ndị dị otú ndị a ma ama dị ka Alexander Suvorov, G. Potemkin, Rumyantsev, Napoleon. The ikpeazụ nwe a award na Tsarist Russia bụ a nnọchiteanya nke ezinụlọ eze Prince Roman Petrovich.

Na oge a na Russia, na Order Andreya Pervozvannogo otu ugboro ọzọ e ya n'ọnọdụ kwesịrị ka a isi obodo award na 1998. Ọdịdị ya na-kere site ndụ osise, n'ihi ya, kpam kpam mbipụta na iji, nke bụ ruo mgbe 1917. The mbụ award e nyere ama academician Dmitry Likhachev. Mgbe e mesịrị, ha na-ọdịda na 12 ndị ọzọ, gụnyere ndị Nazarbayev, Kalashnikov, Solzhenitsyn, Alexiy II, na S. Mikhalkov.