Oxalic acid

Reserve carboxylic diacid na oké usoro C2H2O4 akpọ Ịhazi nomenclature ethanedioic acid. Nke a compound na-mara site na ndị ọzọ ihe nkịtị aha - oxalic acid. Ya na nke mbụ na-emepụta site German mmiri ọgwụ F. Wohler nke cyanogen (oxalic acid dinitrile) na 1824. Colorless kristal nke acid etisasịwo ke mmiri na-etolite colorless ngwọta. ezengwenri arọ bụ 90,04 g / mol. Anya yiri monoclinic colorless kristal. Na 20 ° C na 100 g nke mmiri na-etisasịwo 8 g nke oxalic acid. Soluble na acetone, ethanol na ethyl ether. Njupụta 1,36 g / cm³. Agbaze na 189,5 ° C, sublimes na 125 ° C, erekasịchaala na 100-130 Celsius C.

All chemical Njirimara ji mara ndị na carboxylic asịd, oxalic acid nwere. Formula ya: HOOC-COOH. N'agbanyeghị eziokwu na-ezo aka carboxylic asịd a na-ewere a ike organic acid (3000 ugboro ike karịa acetic acid): C2O4H2 → C2O4H- + H + (pKa = 1.27) na n'ihu: C2O4H- → C2O42 - + H + (Nikely = 4.27). Esters na salts nke a acid a na-akpọ oxalate. C2O42- oxalate ion bụ a mbenata n'ụlọnga. Na mmeghachi omume nke oxalic acid na a ngwọta nke potassium permanganate (KMnO4) na nke ikpeazụ na-natara ngwọta na-aghọ colorless. Ọ e ji reversible mmeghachi omume na ji nwayọọ nwayọọ etoola mmeghachi omume na alcohols (esterification) N'ihi nke esters ii: HOOC-COOH + 2HOR ↔ 2H2O + ROOC-COOR.

Na ụlọ ọrụ, oxalic acid, nwetara site ọxịdashọn nke chemical ogige. Ihe atụ, na ọnụnọ nke a vanadium mkpali (V2O5) ngwakọta nke nitric acid (HNO3) na igirigi ibu sulphuric (H2SO4) asịd oxidize alcohols, glycols na carbohydrates. -Adabara usoro nke ethylene na acetylene ọxịdashọn na nitric acid (HNO3) n'iru palladium salts nke PD (NO3) 2 ma ọ bụ PdCl2. Oxalic acid na-emepụta si propylene, a mmiri mmiri nke na-oxidized site nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Ọ nwere ezi olileanya usoro maka akwadebe mmeghachi omume nke acid na sodium hydroxide (NaOH) na carbon monoxide (CO) site n'etiti ogbo nke guzobere sodium formate: NaOH + CO → HCOONa. Mgbe ahụ kpụrụ sodium oxalate na hydrogen a tọhapụrụ: HCOONa + NaOH → NaOOC-COONa + H2 ↑. Nke sodium oxalate na acidic na gburugburu ebe obibi nwetara oxalic acid: NaOOC-COONa + 2H + → HOOC-COOH + 2Na +.

Main ngwa nke oxalic acid - a ihicha ma ọ bụ enwu gbaa. Oxalic acid nwere ike n'ụzọ dị irè wepu nchara, ọtụtụ ihicha n'aka nkejikotara a chemical compound. About a ụzọ n'ụzọ anọ nke oxalic acid emepụta na-eji dị ka a mordant maka dyeing akpụkpọ anụ na akwa ọrụ. Ọ nwekwara ike-eji dị ka a reagent (GOST 22180-76) na gbasara nyocha onwu. Etandioevaya acid dihydrate (HOOC-COOH • H2O) tu 2431-002-77057039-2006 na a uka nta nke ndị isi umi ≥ 99,3% na-eji na mmepụta Filiks nke organic njikọ maka adi-ọcha nke nchara na ọnụ ọgụgụ metal maka bleaching a sectioning Microscopy. Akpa aṅụ iji nke oxalic acid ngwọta na a uka nta nke 3.2% na sugar sirop maka Iguzogide a parasitic Shunem. N'elu ẹkụre marble owuwu ya n'elu emeso ka mechie na-enye ha glints.

Oxalic acid na oxalates ugbu ọtụtụ osisi, gụnyere nwa tii, na-hụrụ na ụmụ anụmanụ. The isi mmebi ụmụ mmadụ jikọtara gbasara akụrụ odida, nke pụtara n'ihi na na mmekọrịta nke oxalic acid na calcium, n'ihi na ọdịda nke siri ike calcium oxalate (SaS2O4) - isi akụrụngwa na akụrụ nkume. Acid akpalite nkwonkwo mgbu n'ihi ọdịda nke ndị dị otú ahụ ogige ke ha. Oxalic acid pụrụ kpụrụ ke idem site metabolism nke ethylene-abịa site na gburugburu ebe obibi (e.g., mgbochi icing pụtara n'ihi na nhazi runways nke ọdụ ụgbọelu na ụgbọelu, nakwa dị ka ndị ọzọ mmadụ mere na isi mmalite). Nsogbu na oxalate n'ime ahụ mmadụ nwere ike kewara abụọ. First - mkpa macrocell calcium ejikọ oxalic acid na ya erughi na-kpụrụ na mkpụrụ ndụ nke anụ ahụ na akụkụ. The abụọ - guzobe akụrụ nkume. Onye kasị ukwuu ego nke oxalic acid dị na akwụkwọ nri epupụta na ị ga nke rhubarb, sọrel, beets, pasili, scallions.