Polar nchoputa Peter Freih: biography, onye ndụ, nchoputa na-akpali eziokwu

Peter Lorenz Edfred Freih (02.02.1886-02.09.1957) - Danish Arctic Explorer, na-ede akwụkwọ nke ọtụtụ akwụkwọ, bụ ọkà na odeakụkọ. Ya biography, ndụ ya na njem ga-raara nye anyị isiokwu. Ọtụtụ ndị nọ ndụ nke Peter Freih metụtara na Soviet Union. Ọ gara na Russia na abuana ke njem ndị mmadụ merela ka ndị Arctic development. Ọ na-aka akadiana ye Soviet pola nchọpụta. Na ihe anyị maara banyere ndụ ya? Ha na-ekwu na o biri ndụ na Greenland, na ọbụna were na nwunye Eskimo? Na photos Arctic nchoputa anya dị ka a ezigbo ibu. Karịsịa na obi na ya petite nwunye. Gịnị bụ na ọ na - adịghị emezi emezi ochie foto ma ọ bụ Freih n'ezie na-ata ahụhụ gigantism? Gịnị akwụkwọ o dere? Nwere ike ha na-agụ ihe na-enweghị uche onye na nkà mmụta sayensị na ala? All a ga-atụle n'isiokwu a.

Biography, na mmalite nke a ọrụ njem

Peter Freyhen a mụrụ na obodo nke Nykøbing, Denmark, February 2, 1886. Nne na nna ya Benzon Lorenz na Anna Petrina Frederikka (nee Rasmussen). Boy site na nwata mma oké osimiri. Eleghị anya na-emetụta mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa Viking. Ma nwa okoro gụsịrị akwụkwọ na University, "philology". Nke a nyeere ya aka mgbe e mesịrị ghọọ ma ama dị ka onye edemede na onye nta akụkọ. Na 1906, ọ kpọọrọ na njem òtù na, si otú, na 1908 mụọ Greenland. Ma mgbe ọ lọghachiri n'ụlọ ma akwụsịbeghị ná nrọ nke Far North. Na 1910, ya na n'obi enyi, ọzọ pola nchoputa Knud Rasmussen tọrọ ntọala a trading ebe-Thule. Ọ dịrị ndụ n'etiti Eskimos si 1913 na 1919. Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ ghọrọ otu nke ọzọ njem, nke bụ a nkọwa zuru ezu na map nke Greenland (1921-1924 gg.).

ezinụlọ

Na ndụ onwe onye nke pola nchoputa a mara na ya lụrụ ugboro atọ. Mgbe mbụ ọ na n'ezie lụrụ di na nwunye na Eskimo aha ya bụ Navarana Mekupaluk. Ọ mụụrụ ya na di ya a nwa Mekusaka Avataka Igimakssusuktoranguapaluka na nwa Pipaluk Jette Tukuminguak Kasaluk Palika Hager. Nke a na alụmdi na nwunye ahụ were afọ iri (site na 1911 ka 1921), mgbe Navarana nwụrụ nke "Spanish flu" - a egwu ọrịa nke influenza, nke dọtara a nnukwu mmadụ ọnụ ọgụgụ na Western Europe na North America. Nke abụọ oge Peter Freih lụrụ na 1924 na Magdalene Vang Lauridsen. Ma di na nwunye kpebiri ịgba alụkwaghịm na 1944. N'ikpeazụ, na 1945, ndị pola nchoputa jikọrọ ya akara aka na Dagmar Kohno (1907-1991). Ụmụ ụmụ Freih, inuite (Eskimos) Peter, anyị maara na ọ hoputara onyeisi obodo Nuantsinaka na Canada si 1979 ruo 1984.

Life na Greenland. The isi ojii Tula

Ozugbo gara Greenland, Freih nwere ike na-enweghị ya ndị kasị ibu n'ụwa agwaetiti. Ọ laghachiri ebe ahụ na 1910 na-adịgide adịgide jikọrọ ya akara aka na ụmụ amaala ndị mmadụ, Inuit. Ọnụ na ọzọ pola Explorer, Knud Rasmussen, Freih tọrọ ntọala Tula. Aha ya, nke a osisi natara site Ultima Thule - na northernmost nzi ozi item. Tula bụ isi ruo ọtụtụ njem ndị mmadụ merela. Ọ mgbe niile biri site na 1913 ka 1919, Peter na nwunye ya Freih, Navarana. Polar nchọpụta mere obi ike forays n'ime obodo, ugboro abụọ gafere Greenland site nkịta sled. Total site na 1912 ka 1933 e rụrụ asaa dị njem ndị mmadụ merela.

Gịnị bụ Pita Freih: ịdị elu na ịdị arọ

Na 1958, Denmark bipụtara akwụkwọ nke na-echeta banyere nke a magburu onwe pola nchoputa. Ya na-ede akwụkwọ bụ nwa ya n'alụmdi na nwunye mbụ Pipaluk, Uvdluriak Inuterssuak nwanne Navarany, Niels Bohr, Nobel Laureate, na ndị ọzọ. "The Book of Freyhene" jupụtara na-ekpo ọkụ okwu banyere obi ike pola nchọpụta, bụ ndị jikọrọ ha na akara aka na-niile Inuit, na ọbụna intermarried na ha. Tinyere ihe ndị ọzọ, ọ jụrụ, nke ibu nke a pụrụ iche mmadụ. Mgbe niile, ochie foto, nke na-egosi na a pola nchoputa Peter Freih ya na nwunye ya, ọ na-anya dị ka a ezigbo ibu. Ma, nke a pụrụ isi kwuo ya na-enweta n'ihi na miniaturization nke nwunye ya Dagmar (nee Gale).

Ọ bụ ezie na Freih, dị ka ha na-ekwu banyere ya, ndị maara ya, bụ a ogologo, dị ike wuru nwoke. Ọbụna Thor Heyerdahl, ọ bụghị mkpụmkpụ, pụtara masịrị ya ọnụ ọgụgụ. Ma nke a warrior mgbe jiri ike ya mee ihe ọjọọ. Ọ maara dị ka nnọọ dobrogoi ọmịiko onye, mgbe niile na-abịa na ndị enyemaka na-adịghị ike. Ọtụtụ na-ezo aka na ya dị ka a ruuru mmadụ na-agbachitere. Mgbe niile, ọ lụrụ ọgụ maka ndụ ka mma maka ụmụ amaala obodo nke Far North. Site na peeji nke nke "Book of Freyhene" anyị na-eche na ihe oyiyi nke a na-eme nchọpụta, a nkà edemede na humanist.

Studies ná mba ndị ọzọ

Greenland bụ a mba nke ya na nrọ. Ma aka ike ọdịdị nke ndị ọzọ ebe nke Far North ada okot enye edi bụghị na a nta ike. Ọ were ohere, na mgbe ndị America kpebiri ime ka a akwụkwọ banyere eke mara mma nke Alaska, gawa a film njem. Peter Freih gara Hudson. Mgbe e mesịrị, ọ gara na oké ugwu ebe nke Sweden (Lapland) na Norway. Na 1935, Arctic nchoputa kpebiri ịgbanwe oge nke pola ice na idụhe nke savannas na n'ihi nzube a gara South Africa. Ọ gakwara nile North na South America. Ma, ọtụtụ n'ime ihe niile o mmasị bụ aka ike n'ebe ugwu okike. Na 1928 na 1937, o weere akụkụ abụọ Soviet njem ndị mmadụ merela, nke e jupụta na Siberia Arctic. O nwere ike ịbụ enyi Academician Shmidtom O. YU. Ịmara ihe ọ bụla banyere ndabere nke Stalinist ọchịchị na Gulag, na Danish pola gbasoro kwuwe echiche na Soviet Union.

World War II

N'oge a dị egwu oge, mgbe Europe e kpochapụ Nazism, Peter Freih, bụ ndị toro ogologo isii ụkwụ asaa sentimita asatọ, ike ịnọ n'ebe ihe omume. Ọ lọtara Denmark, na ghọrọ ifịk so na-eguzogide ije. Ma n'oge ahụ o furu efu a ụkwụ (n'ihi oké oyi na 1926). Freih hoo haa na ya - a Jew, n'agbanyeghị ebe ọ bụ, ọ bụ ọnụ ahịa ya dị nnọọ ịnụ ụdị ụfọdụ nke mgbochi Juu Anya. N'ikpeazụ ọ e weghaara ndị Nazi na ikpe ọnwụ. Ma obi ike pola nchoputa jisiri pụọ ná ndọrọ n'agha. Na mbụ o zoro na Sweden na ekem ọwọrọ aka United States. Mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ Freih laghachi ya ọ hụrụ n'anya Greenland, na Inuit asụsụ, omenala na omenala nke nke ọ maara. Wanderlust mgbe ekpe ya ruo ọnwụ ya. Ee, ọ nwua ama njem na September 1957 nke a obi nkụchi na ọdụ Elmendorf, Alaska, mgbe ọ bụ banyere fega Greenland. Ọ dị iri asaa na otu na afọ. Ozu ya ka e liri ụwa hụrụ n'anya ya - nso Thule ojii na Greenland. The ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya na nwunye ya Dagmar biri na New York ma ọ bụ na gị abụọ ụlọ Noanke (CT).

Biography na-ede akwụkwọ nke akwụkwọ

Freih Peter mara bụghị naanị n'ihi na ya pola nnyocha. O dekwara akwụkwọ. Ma ọ bụghị ihe dị nnọọ banyere nkà mmụta sayensị na ọrụ, edemede, akwụkwọ akụkọ na akụkọ, ma na-arụ ọrụ nke akụkọ ifo - akụkọ ndị dị mkpirikpi, ejije na akwụkwọ ọgụgụ. N'ụzọ dị mwute, Russian e bipụtara na atọ na nke ọrụ ya. Nke a nchụàjà "My Greenland ntorobịa" na "oké nwuchi." Ọzọ akụkọ na ihe nke autobiography - "St. Jọn wort Melville Bay." Mbịne peeji nke akwụkwọ a, anyị na-ahụ onyinyo nke na-akpali, enyi na enyi onye, enwe mmasị n'ebe onye ọ bụla nke ya omume na ahụ àgwà. Friends na-abịaru ya, ọ na-akwanyere ndị ọzọ, n'agbanyeghị na akpụkpọ ahụ ha. Nke a pola gbalịrị inyere onye ọ bụla nọ ná nsogbu. "St. Jọn wort Bay Melville" - a ukwe na Inuit ndị mmadụ na-ebi ndụ ọjọọ na ndị na ize ndụ ọnọdụ n'àgwàetiti ahụ, fọrọ nke nta kpamkpam ẹkenịmde ala site ice shei. Akwụkwọ a na-ghọọ akụkụ nke akụkọ na European akwọ ụgbọ mmiri na whalers. Nke abụọ ọbịbịa nke Peter Freih nwere ike na-agụ na akwụkwọ "Siberia Adventure" na Soviet Union. Nanị ụbọchị atọ tupu ọnwụ ya, nke mere September 2, 1957, na-ede akwụkwọ ka okokụre ọrụ na-agụ agụ nke "Book nke Seven oké osimiri".

omume ndị ọzọ

Polar nchoputa Peter Freih ọtụtụ afọ bụ onye òtù nke ọtụtụ obodo ọha mmadụ na mba dị iche iche nke ụwa. All ekele ya doro onyinye ọmụmụ nke Arctic. Otu n'ime ihe ndị bụ isi a ma ama klọb nwere ike banyere ndị International Society maka ha. Mark Twain, ihe ùgwù so nke bụ Freih. Ọ gara gburugburu ụwa na a okirikiri nke okwu banyere omenala nke Inuit. Na kpọkwara e inyocha na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye edemede na onye nta akụkọ. Ọ bụ a kwekọrọ ekwekọ òtù nke Arctic Institute of Denmark. A afọ ole na ole Peter Freih ẹkenịmde a elu post nke onyeisi oche nke Union of dere obodo ya. Ọ ga-kwuru na-eme nchọpụta egosiwo onwe ya na ọrụ nke omee. Ọtụtụ mgbe ọ hụrụ onwe ya eku nke akụkọ banyere ike ọdịdị nke North. Na mbụ, ọ bụ naanị na-eso film nke njem dị ka ahụmahụ na-eduzi ya. Ma mgbe e mesịrị, ọ ghọrọ ya onwe ya kwuru na ofu igwefoto. Ọ na-starred na ọtụtụ Hollywood fim.

ukpono

Onye ama ama nke Arctic nchoputa Peter Freih natara ọtụtụ enọ maka ọrụ ya. Ọ ndibọhọ gold Ọla nke obodo nke Obodo Society of Philadelphia na aha ya bụ Hans Egede. Ọ na-ọdịda nke kasị elu na-agbata n'ọsọ nke Benjamin Franklin.