Russian Eserese ese na ọrụ ha

Russian Eserese ese pụtara ná mmalite nke narị afọ nke 14 AD. Nna-ukwu nke ahịhịa n'oge na-enwechaghị ego, otú mgbe malitere stylization. Ọ pụghị-akpọ surrealism, ma na foto ga-ata ahụhụ site na a enweghị ntị zuru ezu. Mgbe e mesịrị Russian Eserese ese na ha ọrụ e refocused na ndebanye aha nke ụka. Ese nke ihe dị nsọ nke na-ese mgbidi na uko ụlọ ụka na Cathedrals.

Early Eserese art

Russian Eserese ese na ha eserese nwere onwe ha pụrụ iche atụmatụ, ha na e ghọtara - ọ bụla artist deere ya style ọrụ, ke adianade do, ọ na-asọpụrụ dị ka ndị nchụàjà na parishioners.

Egbuke nnọchiteanya nke oge - Andrei Rublev (1370-1428), bụ ndị hapụrụ a imperishable ọrụ: "Christ Pantocrator", "Onyeisi Ndị Mmụọ Ozi Michael", "Atọ n'Ime Otu", "St. Paul" na ndị ọzọ na masterpieces nke icon sere.

Rublev bụ a dịkọrọ ndụ nke ama icon ese Feofan Grek (1340-1410). N'ihi na a ogologo oge ha na-arụ ọrụ ọnụ. Na 90s nke narị afọ nke 14 artists na-ese na Katidral nke Annunciation. The ọrụ dị na ndị ọzọ na Russian Eserese ese. The ego nke ọrụ kemgbe ezi nnukwu. Isi ihe oyiyi Deesis EBIONITISM dere Feofan Grek, a "amụma" na elu nke "nna nna" usoro ese site Andeya Rubleva. Credible-egosi na-egosi na e dere ha site na ihere nke na ala n'usoro nke nnukwu ihe oyiyi, ọ dịghị, ma aka a nkà icon ese, ghọtara na ndị a ọrụ.

Early nke nna ukwu nke portraiture

Ná mmalite nke narị afọ nke 14, mmanụ ịbịaru Usoro mma dịtụ n'ihi ọdịdị tonkotertyh ágbá.

Russian Eserese ese mgbe nke ahụ gasịrị:

• Dionisiy (1440-1502), eze mmasị Ivan III. The eze na-eji na-ana na-ese ese ụfọdụ nke temple, na mgbe oge gara icon ese na-ele ọrụ ahụ.
• Alexey Zubov (1682-1750) - kasị nna ukwu nke Russian osise art nke epoch nke Peter Mbụ. Ọ rụrụ ọrụ ọnụ na nna-ya, ihe ịrịba ama na akara ngosi na-ese Fedorom Zubovym. Ha na-ese na Ụlọ Ngwá Agha nke ụlọ Moscow Kremlin.
• Nikitin Ivan (1680-1742) - Russian ese, otu n'ime ndị mbụ Russian nke nna ukwu nke portraiture, gụrụ akwụkwọ na Europe. Ọ bụ na a pụrụ iche ebe ke Peter Ukwu ahụ. The kasị ama ọrụ nke artist - osise nke Polish King August II na Duke nke Mecklenburg.

Russian Eserese ese nke narị afọ nke 18

Master ahịhịa narị afọ gara aga, dị ka a na-achị, na-emekwa ụfọdụ na chọọchị sere. Otú ọ dị, narị afọ nke 18 bụ oge nke ọmụmụ Eserese art ya purest ụdị, mgbe na-ese na-egosipụta na kwaaji image nke a kpọmkwem onye. Russian Eserese ese n'oge ahụ ẹkenịmde ndị oge gboo akwụkwọ nke ezi nkà, metụtara kpọmkwem mmeputakwa nke kasị zuo ezu. Na portraiture, a Usoro bụ ihe kasị mma azịza aga-eme kenyere Executive - iji nweta ihe dị otú ahụ image, nke mere na ọ mụụrụ niile hallmarks nke art style na bụ kasị dị ịrịba ama. The ọrụ yiri ka ezi-agwụ ha ike na-akpata ya. Otú o sina ama Russian Eserese ese zuru okè ịnagide ya. Iwu bụ ihe karịrị ezuru, dum ikpe ama na ndị òtù ahịa Nkịtị vying nyere osise nke ya onwe ya na ezinụlọ ya.

Ndị bara ọgaranya họọrọ na-agba ese n'ụlọ ya, dị ka nke a, ezinụlọ ahụ dum nwere ike na-ele ndị usoro, na ọ na-atụle ezi ụdị. Russian Eserese ese eji na-ebi ndụ a bara ọgaranya ndụ, n'ihi ya na-agbalị iji dị ka ọtụtụ iwu dị ka o kwere. Ọ bụrụ na ọgwụgwụ nke na-arụ ọrụ onyeisi ezinụlọ image dị ka ndị òtù nile nke ezinụlọ ya, na-ese natara ọzọ iji n'otu ụlọ. N'ihi ya, Russian Eserese ese Ọ bụ na ina na n'obodo na ghara ịnọgide na-enweghị ọrụ. Ihe ịga nke ọma nka na kpọrọ eze ulo ịrụ oké egwu ọrụ.

The heyday nke portraiture

Mgbe nkà nke sere, a oge nke Renaissance, na Russia na e nwere ọtụtụ nkà nka.

Russian Eserese ese nke narị afọ nke 18:

• Antropov Alexei (1716-1795) - a ma ama Russian Eserese ese, abuana ke mma nke Winter Obí na 1744-m na Tsarskoye Selo akpan ke 1749. N'okpuru idu ndú ya, ndị na-ese ese na St. Andrew si Church na Kiev. Ebe ọ bụ na 1761 Antropov edeba aha ya n'usuu Orthodox Synod ka ndi-isi-nlekọta iconic ọrụ. Na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Russian art artist bịara dị ka a nkà portraitist Pita oge.
• Borovikovskiy Vladimir (1757-1825) A mụrụ Mirgorod. Ọ ghọrọ ama mgbe nzukọ Catherine II, ndị ji ụgbọala na Crimea na 1787. Na omenka na-ese otu n'ime ulo elu n'ụzọ nke Eze Nwanyị Ukwu, na ọ hụrụ. Catherine kwuru ya nsọpụrụ, na Borovykovs'kogo ọdịda ego, nke na o mechara gaa St. Petersburg.
• Venetsianov Alex (1780-1847) - Russian artist, nchoputa nke ibé na genre nke portraiture. Ọ mara maka ọrụ ya "Ihe Osise nke Nne", dere na 1801. Ọ mụrụ art nke sere si na-ese Borovikovsky.
• Kiprensky Orest (1782-1836) - pụtara ìhè artist onye debuted na 1804 na a Eserese nke A. K. Valbe, nke e dere na style of Rembrandt. Famous ọrụ "EV Davydov", guzobere na 1809, ka ike aha nke onye na-ese. Ọtụtụ canvases Kiprensky nọ na Tretyakov Gallery.
• Tropinin Vasily (1776-1857) - Russian artist, onye ghọrọ ama mgbe a Eserese AS Pushkin nyere site na-ede uri ya onwe ya. The sere e zubere maka S. A. Sobolevskogo, a enyi nke Alexander. Portrait ibu a classic image nke oké na-ede uri niile oge.

Portrait art na narị afọ nke 19

Russian Eserese ese narị afọ nke 19 - bụ otu ìgwè nke nkà nka ndị chigharịkwuuru genre nke mmadụ ihu image. The kasị ama nke ha:

• Neff Timofey (1805-1876) - a na-eso ụzọ nke agụmakwụkwọ style na art, akụkọ ihe mere eme Eserese. Ọ mụrụ sere na Dresden art akwụkwọ n'ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị. Na 1826 ọ kwagara St. Petersburg, ebe ọ na-ozugbo ghọrọ ama site ede a usoro nke osise nke ndị a ma ama. Mgbe 1837th M wee na a ogologo njem gafee Russia na-ịmata ndiife ala na ndụ nke ndị nkịtị. Mgbe ha laghachiri na-ese na chọọchị nke Winter Obí, ọwọrọetop "Anyasị Ikpeazụ" m ná ndị a ọrụ. Ọ natara a professorship maka sere of St. Isaac Katidral, n'otu oge ghọrọ nche nke hermitage art gallery.
• Zaharov Petr (1816-1846) - Russian Eserese ese na a siri ike akara aka. Nwata nwoke dị afọ hụrụ hapụrụ na Chechen obodo Dadi-Yurt. Russian General Yermolov wee kuru nwa Ezi nlekota anya. Mgbe ọ hụrụ otú ike isere ya nwa nkuchi, o nyere obere Petya ọzụzụ na Eserese ese Lvu Volkovu. Na 1836 Zakharov gụsịrị akwụkwọ na N'ezie na Academy nke Arts na natara aha nke a free artist.
• Makarov Ivan (1822-1897) - Russian ese, ruo ogologo okike ndụ dere ọtụtụ ihe osise. Ọrụ ya, na osise, gụnyere site na ha n'oge dị iche iche, na-na Tretyakov Gallery, na Russian Museum, na Academy nke Ọma Arts na ngosi Ụlọ Nzukọ Alaeze nile Russia. Na 1844, Makarov kwagara St. Petersburg, ebe o meriri ude nke mepere ọha.

Na-ese-portraitist Tyranov

Russian portraitist (1808-1859), e kwere nkwa ọlụlụ na-arụ ọrụ nke icon-sere. Na 1824, o zutere na artist Venetsianov, onye kwuru na nwa okoro na ya akwụkwọ nke sere, na mgbe ọ gụsịrị akwụkwọ, nyere Tyranova a akwụkwọ na Art Academy. The n'ihu akara aka nke na-eto eto na-ese azụlitewo ịga nke ọma, ọ natara a obere nrite ọlaedo si Academy na 1836 ghọrọ nwa akwụkwọ na venerable Karl Briullov. N'ihi na ọrụ ya "Girl na obere ịgbà," ọ na e nyere aha nke academician. Mgbe na Rom, o dere, sị ya isi osise: "Girl, afanyekwa na mmiri si na ntutu isi," "Angel na olive alaka", "Nne nke Moses na Nile." Mgbe ahụ, na ya laghachiri St. Petersburg artist, onye na-ese ahụhụ a usoro nke ọdachi, na ọ ghọrọ onye na arịrịọ. M hụrụ ndo ke ufọk-nne-ya na obodo nke Kashin. E Tyranov na nwụrụ na afọ nke 51 afọ.

Unmatched ngwá Eserese

Zaryanko Sergei (1818-1870) - pụtara ìhè Russian portraitist, ama maka ya enweghị atụ nye play nke ìhè na onyinyo ya canvases. onye na-ese si Usoro a ka akpọ na esịtidem ụwa nke onye e sere na kwaaji, dị ka ma ọ bụrụ na furu a akụ na ụba nke shades na-aj u. Total Zaryanko dere banyere a narị osise, ọtụtụ nke na-raara onwe ha nye eze ukwu ahụ, ya na ezinụlọ ya na ụlọikpe ama.

The na-eso ụzọ ndị nna ha ukwu

Zhodeyko Leonid (1827-1879) - Russian Eserese-ese, a na-amụrụ nke Moscow na St. Petersburg artist Zaryanko Markov nwe onye nkụzi nke Academy nke Arts. Ọ na-ese na-akasị osise nke ndị inyom. Ọ natara aha academician maka sere "Girl saa". Ọ bụ a mgbe nile soò nke kwa afọ ngosi, ẹkenịmde n'okpuru nkwado nke Academy nke Ọma Arts of St. Petersburg.

Artist ịrịba ama style

Kramskoy Ivan Nikolaevich (1837-1887) - pụtara ìhè nna ukwu nke portraiture, okpukpe murals, genre picture. Chepụtara ihe osise e sere ama dere, nka, eme ihe nkiri, n'etiti ha: L. N. Tolstoy (1883 nke), ME Saltykov-Shchedrin (1879 nke), I. I. Shishkin (1873 nke), S. P. Botkin (1880 nke), P. M. Tretyakov (1876 nke).

ndụ artist ẹkenịmde nkà ihe ọmụma na-enweghị atụ subtext n'ọrụ ya, kacha chọpụta na Eserese osise: "Unknown", "NA Nekrasov," "ekweghị ka a kasie Ọnwụ", nke e kere na oge site na 1877 ka 1884. Ndị a masterpieces nọ Tretyakov Gallery.

Artistic osise narị afọ nke 20

Nke iri abụọ na narị afọ bụ oge siri ike maka Russia. Political ọgba aghara, abụọ ọbara agha ekpe ha akara na mba development. Ma art dị ndụ, na agha afọ a agbakee eserese, tinyere a Eserese. Artists dị ole, ma ha niile na-agafe a ọma akwụkwọ.

Russian nka nke narị afọ nke 20 portraitists:

• Engels Kozlov - Soviet Eserese ese, a mụrụ na 1926, gụsịrị akwụkwọ na Yaroslavl Art School, mgbe debara aha na a N'ezie nke egosipụta Repin Leningrad Institute. Na 1956, ndị Commission ọkọnọ ya ngụsị akwụkwọ tesis "Ga-adị ndụ!" Ọ bụ onye òtù nke Union of Artists kemgbe 1957. Isiokwu bụ isi nke creativity Kozlov - osise nke dịkọrọ ndụ.
• Lomakin Oleg - a Eserese-ese nke Soviet oge, a mụrụ na 1924. Ọ na-emekwa ụfọdụ na Leningrad art akwụkwọ, mgbe ahụ, - na All-Russian Academy nke Arts. Na 1942 ọ e debara aha n'ime Red Army, agha na Kursk, nke e merụrụ ya ezigbo na a chụpụrụ ndị agha kwubara. Portraits, na-ese site na onye na-ese, gosipụtawo na ngosi kemgbe 1952.
• Nevelshtein Samuel (1904-1983) - a Eserese-ese, gụsịrị akwụkwọ VHUTEMAS. N'ihi artist si ọtụtụ iri na abuo ọrụ. Isiokwu bụ isi nke creativity Nevelshtein ndị osise nke ya na ha dịkọrọ ndụ. Portraitist ẹkenịmde ise solo ngosi, ha na-enwe na Leningrad, mbụ show ẹkenịmde ke 1944.
• Oreshnikov Viktor (1904-1987) - Soviet na-ese na portraitist. Ndị mmadụ Artist nke Soviet Union,-eto eto nke abụọ Stalin Nrite. Na-arụ ọrụ nke na-achị achị na rụzuru na akụ na ụba mba, na osise nke ya na ha dịkọrọ ndụ.
• Shilov Aleksandr - Russian Eserese-ese, a mụrụ na 1943. Onye Okike nke pụrụ iche osise nke akụkọ ihe mere eme na ikuziri. Ifịk ke ọha ndụ, a so na Public Council n'okpuru Russian President.

Famous nka nke Eserese genre

Isii na narị afọ agafeela kemgbe ọdịdị ajụ art, ọtụtụ ọgbọ nke ndị nka. Ke adianade ese ekwuola, e nwere ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ nwe.

Ole ndị ka ha - Russian Eserese ese? Depụta ha na-akowaputara n'okpuru.

Narị afọ nke 18:

• Musikiyskiy Grigoriy Semenovich, ụlọikpe Eserese ese.
• Gzel Georg, a Swiss ese onye ogologo-arụ ọrụ na Russia.
• Nikitin Ivan Nikitich, ikpe na-ese.
• Vishnyakov Ivan Yakovlevich, portraitist nke oké ozu.
• Kolokolnikov Mina Lukic, ala na-ese.
• Matveev Andrey Matveyevich ikpe portraitist.

Narị afọ nke 19:

• Ugryumov Grigoriy Ivanovich, na nwoke onye oru ugbo na-ese.
• Ivanov Andrey Ivanovich, dị mma Eserese-ese.
• Orlovsky, Aleksandr Osipovich artist ama.
• Sokolov Peter Fedorovich, portraitist maka oké ozu.