Shot - ọ na-atụba a bullet si ngwá agha gbọmgbọm ọwa. Bang

Gịnị bụ shot? Nke a na onu na-ewere ọnọdụ mgbe agbapụ, n'ihi na ihe atụ, site na ọkụ, oyi ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ na ngwá. Ọ na-abịa site na okwu "ọganihu". Shot bụ a mgbagwoju set of chemical na anụ ahụ phenomena. Ihe Ọmụma nke Filiks aa n'oge a ọrụ, na mmetụta na ha otu nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke mpụga ihe na-akwalite ahụ Gunners na ngụkọta oge data maka ịgbakọ ezi Ntọala achọrọ maka firing, na dị ka a n'ihi na-enyere ndị ihe ịga nke ọma ogbugbu nke chere ihu Gunners inverse nsogbu.

onu

Ọ maara na shot - a usoro ngwa ngwa chemical mgbanwe nke ike ka ikpo ntụ ntụ mbụ na mgbe ahụ-akpali n'ime kinetic ike ngwá agha. Ihe omume a nwere ike kere n'ime abụọ n'ụzọ - na projectile ngagharị na-erite ọwa howitzers na mgbagwoju ihe, mezuru mgbe opupu nke bullet Ekechila ọnụ.

The bullet (shei) departs si gbọmgbọm dị ka a n'ihi nke powder, haruru. Nke a na onu na a kọwara site àgwà:

• elu okpomọkụ propellant gas (2500-2500 ° C);
• nnukwu uru gas nsogbu (2-3 atmospheres puku ma ọ bụ karịa.);
• combustion nke gunpowder ụgwọ na ngwa ngwa modifies olu.

usoro

Olee otú ọ na-gbara si a egbe? N'ihi ya mmepụta mkpa:

• n'aka na ndị a katrij n'ime-ulo;
• na ntukwasi-obi igbachi gbọmgbọm ọwa ụzọ ámá;
• gbagbuo.

Mgbe a-eme omume na-eme:

• oku igba n'okpuru nduzi nke firing usoro-eme striker see primer nke katrij;
• percussion pin mejupụtara na-amụnyewo;
• site na lumen nke nkpuru doo penetrates a ọkụ n'etiti uwe, na ignites na propellant ụgwọ;
• olu pụtara gas na-abawanye na mgbali adahade;
• gas mụbaa ma pịa na uwe shei na bullet;
• gas na-mbadamba na-ala nke uwe valvụ cup, ya na mgbidi ya - mgbidi-ulo na-eme ka bullet ka ugboelu n'ime gbọmgbọm rifling, ịnyagharịa site na ya na-efe na-atụ ọwa.

Ihe omume ndị a iso nke anọ oge, nke anyị na-akọwa n'okpuru.

The akpa ogbo

Eleghị anya ị na-ama maara na shot - na ọ bụ nnọọ mgbagwoju anya usoro. N'ihi ya, anyị na-atụle nke mbụ na-adọ nke a onu, nke a na-akpọ mbido. N'ebe a, propellant ụgwọ combustion pụtara na mgbe nile ibu na size chọrọ maka zuru ntinye nke bullet na rifling. Nke a na-adọ na-ekpebisi ike site na-ese ọgbọ nke mgbali. N'ihi obere ogwe aka bụ hà 250-55 kg / cm².

The isi ogbo

Isi oge (abụọ ogbo) combustion ji mara ndị na-elekọta powder n'ime ngwa ngwa modifies olu. Ọ dịruru ná mmalite nke ọdịdị nke ese nrụgide ndị zuru ọkụ gunpowder. Mgbe a na ogbo, ndị gas mgbali esịmde kasị elu larịị. N'ihi obere ogwe aka bụ hà 2500-4000 kg / cm².

Nke a mgbali nke ukwu accelerates ije nke a bullet na gbọmgbọm ọwa, na-emecha zapulnoe ohere na-abawanye. Ya mere, ihe megidere inflow nke gas, nrụgide -amalite iji dobe, na-eru ná ngwụsị nke combustion nke gunpowder dị 2/3 nke ịmachi nsogbu. Site na njedebe nke bullet na-akpụ akpụ na a ọsọ nke banyere ¾ nke mbụ.

atọ oge

N'ezie, shot - a ije. Gịnị bụ nke atọ oge? Mgbe combustion nke gunpowder, haruru ọhụrụ eruba na-kwụsịrị. Ma ebe ọ bụ na ha nwere otu nnukwu idobere nke ike, ha na-anọgide na-eto eto na dị ka a n'ihi enwekwu ọsọ nke ije nke bullet.

Nke a na-adọ ekwupụtakwa na zuru ezu combustion nke gunpowder ka ọdịdị nke bullet gbọmgbọm ọwa. Na ọgwụgwụ na-adọ nsogbu mbelata ngwa ngwa ma rute Ekechila ọnụ nke 300-900 kg / cm².

Ụfọdụ ụdị nke obere ogwe aka, karịsịa snub (Makarov egbe) na-adịghị atọ oge, ebe ọ bụ na oge nke ọpụpụ nke bullet gbọmgbọm ọwa full combustion nke gunpowder gas na o siri ike na-adị.

The anọ ogbo

Olee ihe ị ga mara na anọ ogbo, ma ọ bụ mgbe ihe gas na-eme? N'oge a, ndị bụ gas na-apụta nke gbọmgbọm mgbe bullet-anọgide na-arụ ọrụ ya. Nke a na-adọ ekwupụtakwa na oge nke omume nke bullet gbọmgbọm ọwa ruo mgbe mmetụta na ya gunpowder, haruru.

Mgbe a na ogbo, nrụgide sharply mbelata, ọsọ nke bullet nke nta nke nta ụba dị ka ogologo dị ka nsogbu na-eme na ya, ọ na-aghọ hà ikuku eguzogide. The bullet na-efe na ya kacha ọsọ, nke a na-enweta na a anya nke a ole na ole na iri na abuo sentimita si Ekechila ọnụ. Ọ ga-kwuru na e nwere a shot si egbe na ihe yiri n'ụzọ.

mgbawa

Gịnị bụ explosives (BB)? Nke a na-ejighị n'aka ngwakọta nke chemical na ike n'okpuru mmetụta nke mpụga negligible nivation (rue, kpo oku, ọgwụ na na) ozugbo ghọrọ ka a gas.

Dị ka e nwere bụ ụda nke ogbugba? Bọmbụ gbawara agbawa - ọ bụ nnọọ ngwa ngwa chemical ma ọ bụ anụ ahụ mgbanwe nke okwu, nke na-esonyere otu ngwa ngwa mgbanwe n'ime latent (nwere) ume n'ibu ihe. Ọ na-emepụta na-enweta ụdị na-achọ mụbaa. N'ihi ya, bụ gas Mepụta ịmanye na-ajụ gburugburu n'ume mpaghara. Concomitant atụmatụ a edinam bụ a dị ike ụda.

The chemical mmeghachi omume na-eweta na mgbawa nke ndị na-agbawa agbawa na-akpọ mgbanwe. Deflagration mgbawa usoro a na-akpọ na-agbawa agbawa mgbanwe ekesa ofụri mgbawa ibu na a ọnụego nke karịa a ole na ole mita kwa nke abụọ. Ọ bụrụ na nke a na-ewe ebe na-emeghe ohere, ọ na-emekarị so site ụfọdụ mmetụta.

The BB mechiri emechi containers agbarikwa ike, na a Idupu usoro na-esonyere ụda. A kpochapụwo atụ nke ndị dị otú a mgbanwe mgbawa - na n'igba ihe oku warhead ogwe Ahịhịa anwụrụ na gunpowder (ike ọsọ banyere 10 m / s). Combustion esonyere a ngwa ngwa na-abawanye nke mgbali na azuokokoosisi ọwa, nke a na-ekesa na-n'akụkụ nke ala-eguzogide, pushing ya si bullet ma ọ bụ projectile.

ogbi

Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ dị mkpa iji uda ogbugba anụghị. E nwere a ụkpụrụ na zvukoglusheniya pneumatic na-eji égbè agbagbu. Nke a na-akpọ gas cutoff shot dabeere na yitewere nke gbọmgbọm ma ọ bụ uwe dulcitol pụrụ iche nkwụnye, na esiwe na-akpụ akpụ ndị na ọwa ma ọ bụ elu nke liner immanent mgbe bullet (projectile).

Na-eji égbè agbagbu na-eji okwu ahụ bụ "cutoff powder, haruru shot". Mgbe projectile si gbọmgbọm na ama ekpe aka uwe, na nkwụnye akwụsị a pụrụ iche constriction ma ọ bụ ibelata nke gbọmgbọm uwe dulcitol. Dị ka a N'ihi ya, ọ gbachiri ma ọ bụ ndị ọzọ propellant gas, na-achụpụ ndị projectile na uwe ma ọ bụ gbọmgbọm n'okpuru mmapụta nsogbu.

Ebe ọ bụ na ikuku ke firing, haruru adịghị abịa ma na ọ na-adịghị mụbaa, ụda nke volley bụ fọrọ nke nta na-anọghị. Kpaa gas firing bụ irè mgbe ọsọ nke bullet ọnyà nta ụda ike ọsọ na ikuku.

eyịm

Na ihe a shot si a ụta? Nke a -achụpụ ngwá agha, gbakọọ maka firing akụ. Iji mee ka ogbugba, na-agba ụta akwusila eriri, na-enyemaka nke a na-echekwa ume na aak nke kpebisiri ogwe aka na mgbe ahụ na tọhapụrụ ya. Ọzọkwa, aak hulite bụ ngwa ngwa agbanwe azụ nwere ume kinetic ike, nke na-emetụta na ụgbọ elu nke akụ.

The nso na ọsọ nke shot na-adabere na-erughị ala eriri, crossbow imewe na ihu igwe. Luke na-ekewa mmiri na mfe, ma ha bụ ihe aak na a bowstring agbapụ akụ. Simple kere si otu ibé osisi a na ogologo nke 1.5 m ọtụtụ ihe mejupụtara ụta bu mkpumkpu na mere si dị iche iche ihe -. Wood, na mpi, anụmanụ akwara. Ọ maara na-enweta ndị dị mkpa ike, mgbanwe na resiliency mgbe mbenata ogologo nke crossbow.

Eriri mere ndụ anụmanụ, rawhide, eriri afọ ma ọ bụ akwukwo nri emep uta eri. Ọtụtụ ndị na-achọ ige ntị olu ndinyanade mbịne bowstring sochiri a shrill-afụrụ mkpọrọhịhị na-efe efe akụ: ọ bụ nnọọ mara mma ma na-adọrọ mmasị.