Stickleback - atọ spined azụ (foto)

Rivers, ọdọ mmiri na oké osimiri na-ebi ọtụtụ puku iche iche iche iche e kere eke, gụnyere azụ. Ọtụtụ nụrụ nke stickleback. Nke a obere azụ, na-enwe a nnọọ ezigbo agụụ, bụ ike ịsụgharị n'ime niile ndị ọzọ na ụdị mmiri ozu. Ọ na-eri elu nnukwu ichekwa àkwá na ọbụna ighe. Nke a bụ a-akpali nnọọ mmasị e kere eke na ihe ọhụrụ anya na omume.

Olee ụdị azu - stickleback?

The aha na-eme n'okpuru a ezinụlọ dum nke ray-finned azụ. Ọ na-agụnye ise genera na asatọ umu. All nnọchiteanya nwere spikes, nke na-emi odude ke iso dorsal nku azu. The akpịrịkpa ndị a azụ bụ kpam kpam na-anọghị. Pelvic ntù bụ bụghị mgbe niile na ike ga-anọchi anya otu ogwu na otu ma ọ bụ abụọ soft ụzarị. Bụrụ na nke dị ize ndụ ma ọ bụ eri ibe agha stickleback rastopyrivat niile ha nkọ ogwu, ha ekịm enye.

Fish n'anya ebe a jụụ iyi, apịtị N'ala na anoghi n'ulo oba, tojuru ahịhịa. Ihu ọma, ihe nile ụdị na-na-akpụ akpụ nnukwu ìgwè ewu na aturu. Ọ bụ mgbe ụfọdụ siri ike ịkụ azụ, n'ihi na nwetụrụ ije dum ìgwè ehi rushes na ihe kụrụ mmiri.

ebe

Stickleback - azụ na-emegharị ka dị iche iche ebe. Ha nwere ike ịbụ na mmiri, brackish na freshwater. N'ihi ya, a obere stickleback bi na brackish ebe nke Azov, Caspian na Black Oké Osimiri, na ala esịmde nke Dnieper na ndị ọzọ na osimiri na-asọpụta n'ime ha. Atọ-spined na itoolu na-na umu na-hụrụ fọrọ nke nta niile nke Europe. Na Russia, ọ nwere ike hụrụ na osimiri eru n'ime Black na Baltic Oké Osimiri, nakwa dị ka na ọdọ mmiri nke Leningrad Region. Sea stickleback - ala gbara osimiri okirikiri azụ. Ọ dị n'ime Western Europe na nkume n'ikperé Biscay na Gulf nke Finland, na ugwu nke Norway na Baltic Oké Osimiri.

amụba

Stickleback spawn n'oge spring (April-May), na n'oge a ya sere-aghọ ndị ọzọ vibrant hues. Akpata na-ewe ihe a ọnwa na itoolu na-na - tupu ọgwụgwụ nke July. Nke a bụ a pụtara ọtụtụ azụ. Stickleback ewuli a akwu na ala, na-emekwa ụfọdụ ihe a nwoke. Ná mmalite, o akwusila a onu, buru n'elu ájá n'ime ọnụ ya na-ahụ ji nwayọọ n'ikwu na ya n'otu akụkụ. Next, weta dị iche iche iberibe ahịhịa na algae, na enyemaka nke imi secreted site ahụ n'akụkụ, glues ihe niile n'ime a uko bọl, nke etịbede site ọwara. Na okokụre n'ụdị na atọ-spined stickleback akwu fọrọ nke nta wee lie ya na apịtị (lee foto), na na Pungitius - bụ mmasị na osisi, nke na-ejikọta na agba. The akụkụ nke ndị dị otú a obibi na nkezi nwoke aka.

Na akwu nne na-agwa nwoke, ebe ọ na-eyi àkwá (100-120 PC.), Ma mgbe ahụ onye ọ "kicks". Mgbe njikọta, ọ eche nche akwu, na mgbe ahụ ighe maka 10-14 ụbọchị. Stickleback - azụ onye mkpụrụ bụ mgbe niile n'okpuru egwu mụrụ ha. Akpa nne-enwe ike iri àkwá, na mgbe nwoke mgbe nchedo nwere ike ilo ọtụtụ ighe. Ọ bụ ihe kwesịrị ịrịba ama na n'oge nke na-akpata na nkọlọ ọ na-etolite.

Atọ-spined stickleback azụ

Ọ natara aha ya n'ihi na spines dị na azụ, na ha atọ (nke a na-ahụ na foto). The ogwu nke dị iche iche nha. On n'akụkụ nke ahụ mere ndokwa ọkpụkpụ efere (24-30 iberibe), ha na-na, n'eziokwu, na-eji dochie akpịrịkpa. Ha nwekwara ike na-hụrụ na azụ, ebe ha na-emi odude na caudal nku azu nke n'olu. Adult azụ size bụ 5-6 cm n'ogologo. N'akụkụ na afọ bụ ọlaọcha na agba na azụ greenish-aja aja. Amata abụọ umu azu: freshwater na anadromous. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị nke mbụ ụdị na-gburu mgbe akpata.

N'agbanyeghị ya obere size, stickleback - nnọọ agụụ ji azụ. Na ponds, ebe o bi, ọ pụrụ isi ike igbari ọ bụla ọzọ ụdị. Diet na stickleback nnọọ iche iche - si phytoplankton ka zooplankton na benthic (crustaceans, larvae na ikpuru). Ke adianade do, azụ eri efe n'elu ụmụ ahụhụ, larvae, àkwá, na ọbụna ighe ọzọ mmiri n'okpuru osimiri bi. Dị ka ekwuola, N'ezie nwere ike ọbụna na-aga ha onwe ha na ụmụ.

aku mkpa

Tupu mgbe a obere ejide azụ na Baltic, White na Azov Oké Osimiri, nakwa dị ka na Kamchatka. Site na nke a na-enwetara iyak mmanụ na ntụ ọka nri àgwà. Ọzọkwa, sticklebacks e ji dị ka anụmanụ na ndepụta, dị ka nke ọma dị ka fatịlaịza maka ubi. Na nọchibidoro anọchibido carotenoid ọgaranya iyak mmanụ eji na ụlọ ọgwụ maka ọgwụgwọ nke ọnyá na ọgwụgwọ nke Burns.

Ugbu stickleback - azụ onye uru akụ na ụba dị nnọọ obere. Ọ na-eri ihe niile, si otú na-enwe a na-ezighị ezi mmetụta na ụmụ nke bara uru azụmahịa umu.

Obere ndịda stickleback

Saltwater ma ọ bụ freshwater umu esịmde benthic 6 cm n'ogologo. Nke a azụ na-ebe-ekesa na Asia, Europe, bụ ihe ndị dịpụrụ adịpụ bi na Greece - Pool Haliacmon na Vardar osimiri. Jide sticklebacks bụ n'ozuzu oblong ụdị ke ebe ọgaranya ahịhịa. Aru nke azù di elu na abịakọrọ ke n'akụkụ. Agba - aja aja-acha akwụkwọ ndụ, na afọ - ọlaọcha na, mgbe ụfọdụ, a acha tinge. Fesa n'elu ahụ n'ọnyá na tụrụ, na-eke echiche nke a marble ụkpụrụ.

itoolu na-spined stickleback

View bụghị ọtụtụ ibu karịa gara aga (ogologo - aru nke 5-7 cm). N'agbanyeghị ihe size of okenye azụ stickleback, azụmahịa na aku na uba mkpa o nwere. Nke a ụdị nwere a esisịt ke n'akụkụ na elongated ahu na nnukwu anya (na foto). The azụ nwere ike a na agba ntụ-green agba ruo mgbe aja aja na agba, n'afọ - ìhè silver. Agba mgbanwe na ụmụ nwoke n'oge na-akpata oge. Afọ na flanks bụ nwa, ogwu - acha ọcha. Ọ bụ a migratory umu, na-ahụkarị na Atlantic, Arctic na Pacific osimiri, Great Lakes Basin.

Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-ekwu banyere ihe bụ egwu nke stickleback azụ, ọ bụ uru banyere freshwater (perch, Pike, perch, azụ okpo, eel, chub) na mmiri (azụ asa, sprat, gobies, na na. D.) n'Ike. Ọzọkwa, ha nwere ike na-eri agwọ, ala opitoropi turtles, awọ, Udele na ụfọdụ mammals. Ihe niile na-adabere na ebe obibi.

oké osimiri stickleback

The abụọ aha - pyatnadtsatiiglaya. Ọ e ji n'iru na azụ nke 14 ruo 16 obere spines. Aru nke azụ nwere a gịrịgịrị, spindle ekara, na a mkpa na ogologo caudal peduncle. The azụ dị iche greenish-aja aja na agba, na n'akụkụ - ọlaedo. Of mmasị bụ agba nke ndị ikom na n'oge na-akpata oge - ha atụgharị-acha anụnụ anụnụ. esịmde okenye size ruo 20 cm n'ogologo. The omume nke a dị iche iche - anaghị ezukọ na ìgwè ewu na aturu na iche na ndị ọzọ di iche iche.

The miri-iyi stickleback

Kesaa obere osimiri nakwa n'ọdọ mmiri nke United States n'ebe ugwu. Tupu dorsal nku azu nwere si 4 6 (na-emekarị 5) spikes. The ogologo etolite 6 cm. Nke a bụ nnọọ ọrụ ike ma dị ukwuu umu. The ụmụ nwoke na mating oge ịgbanwe nkịtị agba a na-egbuke egbuke red. Ma ọ bụghị àgwà na omume e ji mara usoro na ụmụ bụ otu ihe na nke atọ spined sticklebacks.

ncheta stickleback

Complete ọkpụkpụ dị na Kronstadt. The ncheta a zụlitere na 2005. Obere ncheta ọnọde metal-efegharị efegharị na atọ obere azụ mmasị ha. Na-esote ndị e dere ede na ị pụrụ ịhụ edoghi nke uri "mgbochi stickleback" poetess M. Aminova.

Ya mere, ajụjụ bụ ma e nwere ndị dị otú ahụ a azu - stickleback, ọ bụla bi na Peter ga-anabata na kemkwenye. Ma eleghị anya, ọbụna nye ezigbo Ntụziaka maka ya nkwadebe. Little azù a egwu mgbochi azoputa ọtụtụ ndụ ọtụtụ puku mmadụ.