TAVKR "Admiral Kuznetsov": Ọdịdị na atụmanya

TAVKR "Admiral nke Fleet nke Soviet Union Kuznetsov" - nanị ifịk kreyserny arọ ugbo elu ụgbọelu na mejupụtara nke oge a na Navy Fleet. Ya isi nzube - mkpochapu oke elu zaa, agbachitere Maritime fleets na-echebe site ọkọdọhọ iro mbuso agha. The ụgbọ mmiri na-aha ya bụ mgbe N. G. Kuznetsova, Admiral nke Fleet nke USSR. Construction nke ugbo agha weere ọnọdụ na Nikolaev, na a na-ano na Chernomorsk, ugbu a na ọ bụ akụkụ nke zuru ezu na set nke Northern Fleet. The arịa nwere ike dabere ugbo elu mig-29K, dị iche iche Su-25, su-33 na helicopters mgbanwe Ka-27/29 / 52K.

imewe

Emebe TAVKR "Admiral Kuznetsov" na oru na 1978 n'okpuru nduzi nke PCB si Leningrad.

E nwere ọtụtụ oru ngo nmepe, nke rụpụtara na ọgwụgwụ N'ihi na ndị na-ewu ụgbọ mmiri ma ọ bụ nọgide na ụdị na ụdị na-osise:

• Project 1153. Ndahie zubere ship mere maka 00 70 tọn, e chere dị ike na ngwá agha na ngwá (ma e wezụga ndị isi otu ụgbọelu).
• № 1143 M. The atụmatụ bụ a pụrụ isi chọta na ugbo agha supersonic Yak-41 vetikal na-ahụ-ya.
• A prototype nke 1143. Ọ nwere myirịta na ugbo elu ụgbọelu aga imewe, ma na a nnukwu displacement (anọ ugbo elu ụgbọelu, wuru na Soviet Union).
• Project 1143,5 arọ ugbo elu ụgbọelu "Admiral Kuznetsov" - elu-ike, nke ise na ndị ikpeazụ Soviet-wuru ugbo elu ụgbọelu ụgbọ mmiri.

Final oru akwụkwọ na-akwadebe site ufọt ufọt 1980 Presumably ndị na-ewu bụ na-dechara na 1990. Otú ọ dị, usoro iheomume nke nnyefe na nyere bụ mgbe niile gbanwere dị iche iche ihe.

malite na-eke

Ná mmalite opupu ihe ubi nke 1981 shipbuilding Plant na Nikolayev ọkọkpọhi ike-merie ihe iji maka owuwu nke ọhụrụ mgbere. Otú ọ dị, n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ nke otu afọ na ịrịba ose na mgbanwe na-mere ka oru ngo, isi nke bụ dịkwuo Ndahie arịa na 10 puku tọn.

Ihe uru nke a index bụ 67 000 t Ọzọkwa, ndị na-esonụ bughi E mere mgbanwe ndị .:

• ubom nwere na-onwem na echichi nke RCC "Granite".
• E nwere mkpa mụbaa ikuku ìgwè nke aka 50 ígwè ọrụ.
• A ịrịba mgbanwe bụ na igba egbe ugbo elu ya ga-enweghị a catapult site skai-awụlikwa elu takeoff. Nke a n'ọnọdụ belatara na-eri nke na-ewu na n'ihu ogologo ọrụ ndụ nke ugbo elu ụgbọelu.

finishing ndozi

TAVKR "Admiral Kuznetsov" e mesịrị yie ruo 1982. Ọ mere na September, obodo nke Nikolayev shipyards. Ná mmalite, ụgbọ mmiri ahụ aha ya bụ "Riga", a di na nwunye nke ọnwa gasịrị e renamed ka "Leonid Brezhnev". Site na njedebe nke afọ na ugbo agha maka ihe omume niile bụ echichi nke mbụ ụlọ ngọngọ. The ụgbọ mmiri onwe ya (n'ihi na oge mbụ na akụkọ ihe mere eme nke Soviet Union) ẹkewetde kpamkpam nke abụọ na iri na abuo ngọngọ aghụghọ.

Na ogologo nke ọ bụla gbochie TAVKR PR. 11435 "Admiral Kuznetsov" bụ banyere 32 mita na a elu nke 13 m. Ihe uka nke onye ọ bụla mmewere bụ hà 1.5-1.7 puku. Ise. Superstructure nnukwu ugbo elu ụgbọelu na-mere na a modular usoro. Ọ bụ uru na-arịba ama na ndị dị otú a ụgbọ mmiri, na a kwekọrọ ekwekọ ọkọnọ nke ihe, ngwá na ndị ọzọ na ngwá, nwere ike na-wuru dị afọ anọ, ọ ga-abụ onye zuru ndekọ. Otú ọ dị, igbu oge na suppliers na ngwa ngwa ọrụ nke osisi mere enweghị isi na-egbu oge na iwebata arịa ke ọrụ.

Nwụnye onboard ngwá

The ụgbọelu ụgbọelu na oru si ebuka na njedebe nke 1985 afọ. Mass ụlọ na arụnyere owuwu adịghị gafere 32 000 ise. Mmepe na-eme atụmatụ njikere na / h 20506 arọ ugbo elu ụgbọelu "Admiral Kuznetsov" by 39%.

Next afọ maka mba ụgbọelu nwekwara adịghị enweghị mgbanwe. New Designer P. Sokolov mere ka mgbanwe na n'etiti nke 87th ka emechaghi ruo mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke ụgbọ mmiri e renamed ọzọ. Ugbu a, ọ na-"Tbilisi". readiness pasent ụba 60%. Igbu oge si suppliers na-adịghị ekwe ka ngwa ngwa mezue ewu, 70% -s readiness rụzuru naanị site na njedebe nke 1989

The na-eri nke arọ ugbo elu ụgbọelu "Admiral Kuznetsov" n'oge ahụ bụ ihe karịrị narị asaa nde rubles. N'oge na-adịghị ọzọ gbanwere isi mmebe, ọ malitere L. Belov. The akụkụ electronic ebe ngwá wụnye na anọ na ọkara afọ mgbe n'obi imecha, ụgbọ mmiri ahụ si dị njikere bụ 80%.

Soro bulie onu na oké osimiri

Ihe omume a mere October 20, 1989 N'oge ahụ, ụgbọelu ụgbọelu bụ fọrọ nke nta njikere, ma e wezụga na-anọghị nke ụgbọelu otu. Eduzi dịgidere ruo ihe karịrị otu ọnwa, bụ ugbua mbụ nke November n'ọnwụnwa a akuku nke mig-29 na Su-27 e rụrụ n'otu afọ.

Ofụri Esịt mgbọ na radio usoro ke / h 20506 arọ ugbo elu ụgbọelu "Admiral Kuznetsov" e guzobere naanị na 1990 (ngụkọta readiness dịrị banyere 90%). N'otu nkeji oge na-emepụta oké osimiri ọnwụnwa n'ụgbọ mmiri. Ke n'etiti n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ ụgbọ mmiri natara ikpeazụ aha n'okpuru nke na-ejegharị now.

Na mbụ ogbo anwale ụgbọelu ụgbọelu onwe mụtara ihe karịrị 16 puku kilomita. Na runways ship ugbo elu na-emepụta ihe fọrọ nke nta na narị ise sorties. All ọdịda ugbo agha mere na-enweghị steeti mberede na malite ule arịa - magburu onwe N'ihi.

The mbụ ule e dechara na njedebe nke 1990. Ihe karịrị otu afọ gafere ikpeazụ ogbo nke ala àgwà akara, mgbe nke ụgbọ mmiri ahụ e kenyere na Northern Fleet.

Nka na ụzụ atụmatụ

Dị ka akụkụ nke oche na ụta trampoline pụrụ iche fairings n'ịnyịnya. Ẹdude ugbo elu na oche nke ụgbọelu ụgbọelu na-anapụta site lifts, onye ọ bụla nke nwere ike imeri 40 tọn. The oche obosara bụ 67 mita. Na ogologo nke ugbo agha nhata fọrọ nke nta 305 mita, ọnụego ya ego - 10.5 m.

Purposefully eji maka ọdịda ugbo elu oche òkè 250 na a n'ogologo 26 mita n'obosara. Ọ nwere a ná mkpọda nke asaa degrees. A ụzọ nke isi mmalite-elu na ìgwè ndị agha.

Engines nwere TAVKR "Admiral Kuznetsov" ji esi mmiri ọkụ na tobaim, chetyrehvalnye na ike generators na dizel generators. Ka propulsor protrude anọ kposara (onye ọ bụla nwere 5 pupụtara). Ibelata njem ọsọ bụ 29 mara akpụ (55 km / h). The kwurula navigation ugbo agha nwere ike na-ebu ruo ọnwa isii. The ọrụ - fọrọ nke nta abụọ na puku ndị mmadụ.

agha

N'okpuru ebe bụ ọgụ crews na-ekwe omume nke ụgbọelu ụgbọelu:

• Navigation usoro - "Beysur".
• Rada - "Mars-Passat", "Fregat-MA", "mee ihe maka", "Vaigach".
• N'aka electronic ụdị - CICS "mgbutu" SJC "polynomial", "Star" mgbagwoju "Buran-2", "ìgwè kpakpando - BR";
• Anti-ụgbọelu mgbọ - 6 × 6 AK-630 (48 puku onunu.);
• Tammy - Pu SCRC "Granite", "Dirk", "Mma Daga";
• Antisubmarine ngwá agha (60 bombs) - RBU-12000;
• Group Aviation - iri ise nkeji (helicopters na ụgbọ elu).

ịdị ukwuu

Iji ghọta ịdị ukwuu nke ugbo agha, ọ nwere ike kwuru na ya elu bụ iji tụnyere ndị 27-storeyed ụlọ. N'ime ya na-onwem na ihe fọrọ nke nta puku mmadụ anọ dị iche iche ime ụlọ. N'oge ndị na-ewu ọ e nọrọ 4000 kilomita nke USB, 12,000 kilomita nke ọkpọkọ nke dị iche iche diameters na arụmọrụ. Ụfọdụ mmiri na ụgbọ mmiri, e nwere banyere iri ise iberibe. Hanga mechiri emechi ụdị (153 26 * 7.2 mita) accommodates mgbe otu 70 percent ikuku. Mmiri n'okpuru osimiri bughi nchedo mejupụtara agha na longitudinal mgbidi, ya omimi - ise mita.

Modern nwale nke oru ngo 1143,5

Anya ụgbọ mmiri nwere ike n'enweghị-akpọ a na-fledged ugbo elu ụgbọelu. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụghị ihe niile ka were were na-ese n'elu mmiri ruo ogologo oge na-ewu. Ọtụtụ n'ime oge ọ na-etinye na idozi docks.

Ọkpụrụkpụ nzọrọ ndị na okporo. si n'oké osimiri na-esokarị site na mgbanwe degrees nke pụrụ iche ihe. Ọ ga-ọ pụta ìhè na ọ bụla ogologo njem ugbo agha na-aga na ndị tug. The na-adịbeghị anya ohere ka Oké Osimiri Mediterenian - ọzọ nkwenye.

Ọtụtụ na-eche maka arọ ugbo elu ụgbọelu "Admiral Kuznetsov" mgbe aga Syria. Ma ọ bụghị otú ahụ ogologo oge gara aga na ọ mere. N'ezie, ọ bụghị na-enweghị nsogbu nke ya, ma ụgbọ mmiri ka merie ụzọ e na azụ. Na ọzọ ruo afọ abụọ na ọ na-zubere na-esote isi overhaul nke ugbo agha.