The ala ọnọdụ nke steppes: isi e ji mara

Steppe a doo anya mmiri ka mmiri, na-enweghị obi elevations. Onye nke ya isi atụmatụ bụ fọrọ nke nta ezu enweghị ogologo osisi, bụghị na-agụta wuru n'ugbo tinyere okporo ụzọ, ma ọ bụ ozu nke mmiri. Ahịhịa dị n'ọzara bụ ala mgbe nile - ahịhịa ma ọ bụ ala bushes.

The ala ọnọdụ nke steppes

Steppe Okirikiri ekesa na niile kọntinent ma e wezụga Antarctica. Otú ọ dị, ha na-agbasa mpaghara bụ na nso nke ọnọdụ na subtropical ihu igwe zones.

Ka ọ dịgodị Russian okwu abụghị naanị iji chọpụta otú ahụ ecosystems. na okwu bụ "n'elu" bụ mgbe eji maka American steppes, mgbe ke South Africa steppe ẹkedọhọde "Weld" okwu, bụ nke a sụgharịrị site Dutch pụtara "ubi".

N'ihi ya, obodo ebe nke steppes bụ nnọọ iche iche. Dabere na ohere na oge ha, ha nwere a dị iche iche ụdị si ọkara desert ubi na ehighị nne n'okpuru ohia.

Mbido results, anyị nwere ike ikwu hoo haa na e nwere a steppe odida obodo na mpaghara kwa akọrọ, nke mere na ha nwere ike na-eto eto oké ọhịa, ma n'otu oge, agaghị ezuru akọrọ agbahapụ guzobere ha.

Oyi steppes nke Eurasia na America

Otú ọ dị, na enweghị zuru ezu mmiri ozuzo adịghị apụta mgbe nile oke ọkụ idụhe. Ihe atụ, na Mongolia, nke e ji nkọ n'oge a kara aka okpomọkụ mgbanwe ke ndaeyo okpomọkụ nwere ike ebili na-+ 35 ° C, na oyi - dobe ka -35 Celsius C.

Ọnọdụ dị otú ahụ na iche nke okpomọkụ-ahụkarị ndị na mpaghara, ọ bụ na ndị e ji amụ nke Great Steppe. Nke a belt nke kpọrọ nkụ n'ala na a akpọ continental idụhe erukwa n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ n'ógbè Ukraine na n'ebe di ala ala nke Tien Shan, ekpuchi ndịda n'ógbè Russia, Kazakhstan na Uzbekistan.

Ọzọ, na a predominance nke steppe erukwa si Central Anatolia na Iran na-agụnye ụfọdụ n'ógbè Armenia. Ebe a, n'agbanyeghị na akọrọ n'oge okpomọkụ, winters dị nnọọ oyi na ikuku na-eku.

The ala ọnọdụ nke North America Afrika steppe banyere akuko Yurop variant-ya - Steppe lekwasị n'ime ime obodo si n'oké osimiri òkè nke Afrika na-akọrọ na oyi na-atụ climates. N'ihi ya, ha na-ekpuchi dum center nke USA, Canada, n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ na n'ebe ugwu nke Mexico. Na America, Otú ọ dị, steppe mpaghara mara dị ka ahụ dị larịị.

The ala ebe nke steppe na Russia

Steppe na akụkọ ihe mere eme, na aku na uba na ọdịbendị nke Russia dị oké mkpa. Anyị si steppes akwagharị akwagharị bibie ubi na obodo, ma si n'ebe ahụ wee a omenala ọhụrụ na ike mmetụta guzobe nke Great Russian ethnos, mgbe ahụ, kpụrụ oké ala si Baltic na Pacific Ocean.

The ugbu ala nke Russian steppes agbatị si Black Sea na North Caucasus na Ob na Baikal. Large ebe nke steppe nwere na Caspian region na tinyere di ala ala nke Southern Urals.

Climate na osisi nke Russian steppes

Kasị Russia steppe odida obodo bụ maara - a nnukwu ebe kpuchie ehighị nne tufts nke grasses n'agbata nke eghe ughere ọtọ weathered ala. Mmiri-ozuzo na dara na Russian steppes, adịghị ekwe ka nnukwu osisi iji nweta a foothold na-anọgide na-eto eto, otú e nwere nkịtị ala-na-na-eto eto grasses dị ka Stipa. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ nwere ike izute na legumes.

The obodo ọnọdụ na-eme ka ha steppe fauna bụ nnọọ yiri ọzara. Isi bi kwuru ebe bụ òké - squirrels, marmots, ahumachi oke. N'ihi na ụmụ anụmanụ ndị a chọta nri ke desert bụghị ike, n'ihi na mkpụrụ na agwa na ya zuru oke. N'aka nke ya, nke obere òké nwere ike ịbụ mfe eri anụ maka Udele, nke na-agụnye a steppe ugo, Kestrel na Harrier.