The Federation Council nke Federal Assembly nke Russian Federation: e guzobere, mejupụtara, ike

Na fọrọ nke nta na mba niile bụ ebe e nwere a nzuko omeiwu, na ọ na-kewara abụọ, ụlọ ndị. A nhazi - a adaba ụzọ ịmepụta a usoro ndenye ego na-ọtùtù. Ọ bụrụ na onye-ulo-achọkarị ka radicalism, ndị ọzọ ga-egbochi ya mkpebi ma ọ bụ ịgbanwe iwu ka ha na-ọzọ na-anakwere na irè. Ndị dị otú ahụ a na ngwaọrụ a mụrụ na West na weghaara na oge a na Russia. The Federation Council nke Federal Assembly nke Russian Federation - bụ elu ụlọ nke nzuko omeiwu (na State Duma bụ ala).

Seat

The elu ụlọ pụtara na Russian nzuko omeiwu ke 1990. Otú ọ dị, prototype nke Federation Council nwere obere na-eme na ya, ma a ngwaahịa nke mba Soviet. Nke ahụ niile gbanwere na 1993 mgbe mba ulo oru a ọhụrụ n'usoro ochichi. Dị ka ya, na e guzobere site Council of Federation nke Federal Assembly nke Russian Federation. Structure nke nzuko omeiwu na-enshrined edemede 95 nke isi n'iwu nke Russian Federation.

N'etiti abụọ ụlọ nke Federal Assembly bụ a isi ihe dị iche na ha iji nke guzobere na-akọ. The Council bụ na e kere bukwanu ike, nke nwetara ya ọnọdụ nke a isi ndabere nke ala. Na-adịbeghị anya, a, ahụ na-akpọkarị site Sineti na ya na ndị òtù - kwụsị. Nke a na-emekarị nwere ike hụrụ na n'ịgba oru ndi, na okwu ahụ, ndị ọchịchị na isi isi nke mba ahụ.

ike

Wide Federation Council ike nke Russian Federation n'ụzọ zuru ezu kọwara na Russian n'usoro ochichi. The elu ụlọ nwere ajụ ma ọ bụ akwado ọ bụla iwu gafere tupu ndị State Duma.

Akwụkwọ ndị a na-ekewa n'ime ọtụtụ ụdị. Nke a bụ n'ụzọ bụ isi gọọmenti etiti iwu. The ike nke Federation Council ndị dị otú ahụ na ha diverge ke mbụ mgbakọ na mwepụ ọtụtụ votu ma ọ bụ n'ezinụlọ backlog n'ime 14 ụbọchị. N'otu oge ahụ, ọnọdụ nke ụfọdụ a priori iwu nwere ike ime ka ha amanyere bụ iwu nke na-na na kwụsị. Na nke a, na usoro nke na-eleghara ihe odide na-adịghị emetụta.

lawmaking

Na-achọrọ maka echiche nke Council of Federation, iwu na gọọmenti etiti mmefu ego, gọọmenti etiti ụtụ isi ma na ụgwọ, ego, kaadị, ego na omenala ụkpụrụ. Ọzọkwa, otu a na-agụnye ajụjụ ndị agha na udo, nchebe na ọnọdụ nke ala ókè-ala, oké iwe na ratification nke mba nkwekọrịta na, n'ikpeazụ, na nke ego.

Ọ bụrụ na ndị Council of Federation nke Federal Assembly anakwere a iwu, ka akwụkwọ akụkọ na-aga na president maka mbinye aka. 112 votes (ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke kwụsị) merie president mkpebi, na 126 votes (atọ ebe nke kwụsị) inabata nke iwu na n'usoro iwu ochichi obodo mmegharị na gọọmenti etiti iwu iwu.

ebe

Ụzọ abụọ n'ụzọ atọ nke votes nke Federation Council nwere ike na-eleghara president si ya post. Kwụsị na-họpụtara ndị ikpe nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu, na n'usoro iwu ochichi obodo Court, Kasị Elu Arbitration Court na akụkụ ndị ahụ Presidium nke Ụlọikpe Kasị Elu. Ke adianade do, Council of Federation nke Federal Assembly kpebie onye ga-post nke Ọkàiwu General na ya nọchiri anya eze. The elu ulo nzuko omeiwu na-ahọpụta ndị nnọchiteanya abụọ na National Banking Council. Ọ na-akọwa Accounting Chamber auditors na ndị osote onye ya onyeisi oche.

Ozu ndị Federation Council gēnye a atọ so na CEC - Central Election Commission, nke achịkwakwa na electoral usoro na mba. Ka ha na-ekpebi onye ga-abụ otu nke ndị òtù nke Board nke Federal Commission, nsuso nke ala ahịa. Sineti nnochite anya bụ ndị òtù nke Public Service n'okpuru Russian President si Council.

ndị ọzọ na atụmatụ

Nwere ikike na-adịghị metụtara ebe nke nwere Federation Council. Oruru na-ekwu na ọ na-azọrọ na ọhụrụ ala n'etiti achị nke Russian Federation, na a president iwu ezisa a steeti mberede ma ọ bụ mara iwu. N'ọnụ ụlọ dị n'elu na-ekpebi ụbọchị nke president ntuli aka.

Federation Council (onyeisi oche nke Federation Council na kwụsị) nwere ikike ịrụ ọrụ na ha onwe ha nzukọ mode. Ha na-1-2 ugboro kwa ọnwa n'oge si October ka July. Nzukọ pụrụ ịdị pụrụ iche ma ọ bụrụ na President na-enweta a amaghị nke Prime Minister, ndị ọchịchị, a ise nke òtù nke Federation Council, ma ọ bụ Russia na mpaghara. A quorum achọ ọnụnọ nke ọkara nke ndị òtù nke elu ulo nzuko omeiwu. Ọ bụrụ na 50% na-adịghị ahụ ruru, nzukọ lere ineligible. Dị ka a na-achị, ndị Federation Council na-arụ ọrụ na-emeghe mode, Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na ọ na-nyere site na ụkpụrụ na mode ike-emechi.

The mkpa ná ọrụ

Sineti nwere a kpọmkwem mkpa ihe aga-eme. The mbụ a na-ewere ndị President ozi na Federal Assembly na ya ọgwụgwọ. Next bụ mmegharị ka oruru, na draft n'usoro iwu ochichi obodo na gọọmenti etiti iwu. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha nwere ike nwere ọnọdụ n'okpuru amanyere bụ iwu nke nyochaa. Nke atọ na-edo na arịrịọ na amụma a usoro na Iwu Court. Nke ikpeazụ a na-ewere edise ke State Duma nke Federal iwu metụtara okwu nke oké iwe na ratification nke mba nkwekọrịta.

Federation Council na-enwe ọmụmụ dị ka iwu si. Ime kwụsị nwere ohere ikwu okwu co-akụkọ, na-akọ ikpeazụ okwu. Ha nwekwara ikike isonye na arụmụka, na-eme na okwu na-amasị.

Iji nke guzobere

Dị ka iwu nke Federation Council, ọ na-ruru site nnọchiteanya abụọ site isiokwu nke Russian Federation. Otu bụ obodo nzuko omeiwu, na ndị ọzọ - onyeisi. Okwu nke ọ bụla Senator - afọ abụọ. The mejupụtara nke Federation Council na-agbanwe agbanwe-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na mgbanwe nke ike na mpaghara.

Dị ka ụkpụrụ, òtù nke elu ulo nzuko omeiwu na-enwe ọgụ. Ha nwere ike ghara ẹkenịmde criminally na administratively atụba maka ikwu na ọnọdụ ha na echiche nke votu. The Federation Council na-ahaziri na kpụrụ na ụkpụrụ nke na-abụghị partisanship. Òtù ya adịghị ike na-akpakọrịta ma ọ bụ ụmụ irighiri ihe, dị ka bụ omenala na State Duma.

The okwu nke ụlọ ọrụ nke Federation Council dị ka a dum bụghị karịsịa mmachi. N'ụzọ dị iche na State Duma nke ndị mejupụtara nke ahụ a na-doro a "soft adiana". Nke a pụtara na okwu nke ụlọ ọrụ nke ọ bụla n'ime ndị nọ na ya kpebisiri ike site na mpaghara ikike. Oruru na-enye naanị ihe atọ nwere ike nke na State Duma na Federation Council of Russia na-ezukọta. Nke a na-anụ na-agwa Ụlọikpe, president nke ozi na okwu ndị si mba ọzọ isi nke obodo. Ke ofụri ofụri, ọ bụla ulo-agbaso ụkpụrụ nke noninterference n'ihe omume nke ọzọ.

Ọdịdị

The Federation Council nke 170 òtù. Ha na-ekewa n'ime kọmitii (Defense na Nche Affairs, na n'Ikpe na Legal Affairs na n'usoro iwu ochichi obodo Iwu, na tax iwu, mmefu ego, ego iwu, na na. D.). Otu nke nkeji maka elekọta mmadụ iwu. Ọzọ mezie onwunwe mmekọahụ na ụba mgbanwe. N'ikpeazụ, e nwere a kọmitii na CIS omume na mba na omume. Nke kwụsị abuana ke nkewa nke omenala, sayensị, agụmakwụkwọ na-akọ ugbo iwu.

Onye ọ bụla kọmitii na-enye ndụmọdụ na ihe na-ada n'ime ya ikike. Ọ na-amalite na reviews draft iwu chọrọ maka nrubeisi na State Duma. Kọmitii ike ebute Omeiwu gaara. Na ndị dị otú ahụ nkeji na-agụnye ndị òtù nile nke Federation Council, iche si onyeisi oche na ọtụtụ nke ya na-enyere aka. Onye ọ bụla Senator nwere ike ịnọ naanị otu kọmitii, dị ka akụkụ nke ga-dịkarịa ala mmadụ 10. site "ndi" nkesa ga-mma site n'ozuzu votu (ọtụtụ ndị votes).

onyeisi oche

The Federation Council na-gawa site na onyeisi oche. Site 2011 ruo ugbu a, nke a na ọnọdụ a na-ẹkenịmde Valentina Matvienko. The onyeisi oche ọtụtụ nzukọ na onyeisi ike. Ọ na-edu nzukọ ekpebi esịtidem iwu nke House, bịanyere aka na ya mkpebi, allocates ọrụ n'etiti ndị ya nọchiri anya eze.

Onyeisi oche na Kọmitii nke ego na-agafe na State Duma, nakwa dị ka ego na-chọrọ ka ndị State Duma. Ọ na-họpụtara nzuzo vootu. The candidacy na-mma site ọkara, na otu olu.

Ọganihu na mmekọrịta president

The State Duma, Russia ọchịchị, Federation Council na ndị ọzọ na gọọmenti etiti ụlọ ọrụ gọọmenti na-arụ ọrụ n'otu, otú ahụ ka Federation Council mgbe niile nwere ụfọdụ burukwa. Ọ na-kpụrụ onyeisi oche na dabeere na amụma nke kọmitii na Ụlọrụ nke n'ọnụ ụlọ dị n'elu. Own nke na burukwa ike hoputa a ìgwè nke kwụsị nke dịkarịa ala mmadụ 10, nakwa dị ka abụọ kwụsị anọchite anya otu isiokwu nke Russian Federation. Ha mgbanwe na-eme nwere ike ime ka a president nnọchianya pụrụ iche na Federation Council.

The isi nke ala interacts na elu ulo nzuko omeiwu, nakwa n'ụzọ ndị ọzọ. Omenala mkpa bụ kwa afọ President ozi na Federal Assembly. Ọ onye mbụ formulates bụ isi nsogbu na ihe ịma aka na-eche site na steeti na nke mkpa a ga-edozi ụzọ. Dị ka ihe atụ, ọ pụrụ ịbụ ihe ịma aka nke mkpa idozigharị tax na ichekwa ego na bank usoro. N'ọnọdụ dị otú ahụ, na State Duma na Federation Council ga-atụle chọrọ atumatu nke President.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke

The mbụ Council nke Federation na-arụ ọrụ na 1994-1996. Ọ bụ a mgbanwe na Ya mere ka isịneke e hoputara kpọmkwem site na ndị mmadụ, ọ bụghị ndị ọchịchị nke RF-achị. Ya predstatel bụ Vladimir Shumeyko.

Nke abụọ Council nke Federation na-echeta ya dị ka ndị "Governor-dị ka ọkà okwu." Ọ nọdụrụ si 1996-2001. Ọ na-aga site Yegor Stroyev. A akụkụ pụrụ iche nke Federation Council - ọ esịnede ndị gọvanọ na ndị isi nke obodo legislatures. Kwụsị na-arụ ọrụ oge ufodu ndabere site n'oge ruo n'oge a nzukọ Moscow.

Oge nke atọ nke guzobe nke Federation Council wee ke 2002-2012 biennium. Ọ bụ mgbe o mechara nwetara nkasi ha Transitional àgwà, na adiaha a ufọk ufene udi. Onyeisi oche nke Federation Council Sergei Mironov bụ, na site na 2011 - Valentina Matvienko. The anọ elu ulo nzuko omeiwu, e guzobere ke mbubreyo 2012. Ọ na-arụ ọrụ taa. Reformatting bụ n'ihi doo nke ọhụrụ gọọmenti etiti iwu na Federation Council.