The isi nke ndi-agha First World War. Isi agha Agha Ụwa nke Mbụ

Site na nnukwu, dum akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụmụ mmadụ - bụ usoro nke agha na truces, mgbe ụfọdụ, na-akwụsị akwụsị, mgbe ụfọdụ aba. Ụfọdụ agha na-efu na ebe nchekwa nke ọtụtụ narị afọ, ndị ọzọ ịnọgide na ntị, Otú ọ dị, na ihe nile ehichapu, echefu karịrị oge. A agha na-ekwu na ndụ nke dịkarịa ala, 20 nde mmadụ na nkwarụ ọtụtụ ibu agha na aha nke lyutovali bụghị naanị na Europe ma na-na Africa na Middle East, nwayọọ nwayọọ receding n'ime gara aga. Na ọgbọ ọhụrụ ọ bụghị nanị na-amaghị isi agha nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ, ma ike ọbụna na-echeta n'usoro kpuchie nke a na peeji nke akụkọ ihe mere eme, jupụtara na ọbara na tọgbọrọ aghara aghara na-nsure gunpowder ụlọ.

sonyere

The agha ọzọ na-merged abụọ blocks - na Entente, na a nkeji iri na ise (nke Triple Alliance). The mejupụtara nke mbụ banyere Russian na British alaeze ukwu, France (nakwa dị ka ọtụtụ nke kemmekorita mba, gụnyere USA, Japan). Triple Alliance kwubiri Italy, Germany na Austria-Hungary. Otú ọ dị, Italy mesịrị kwadoro na jikọrọ aka na ha na-arụkọ malitere ọchịchị Alaeze Ukwu Ottoman na Bulgaria n'okpuru ya akara. Mkpakọrịta a na aha ya bụ nkeji iri na ise Union. Na-akpata esemokwu ahụ, nke mere ka ihe ndị bụ isi agha nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ, a na-akpọ dị iche iche, ma o yikarịrị ka na-anọgide a mgbagwoju nke ọtụtụ ihe, gụnyere akụ na ụba, territorial. The esi n'ókè nke ụwa nọ na-enweta mgbe na Sarajevo gburu Archduke Franz Ferdinand, olileanya na mbara Austria na Hungarian Alaeze Ukwu. Ya mere, site 28 July ngụda agha.

Marne agha

Nke a bụ ma eleghị anya isi agha nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ, na mmalite, na September 1914. Arena ọgụ na eketịbede na n'ebe ugwu nke France, were banyere 180 km na 5 abuana agha Germany na 6 na England na France. Dị ka a N'ihi ya, ndị òtù jisiri igbochi atụmatụ nke a ngwa ngwa na mmeri nke France, si otú fundamentally na-agbanwe agbanwe n'ọdịnihu N'ezie nke agha.

agha nke Galicia

Nke a na ime ihe agha nke Russian Alaeze Ukwu e akara dị ka isi battlefields nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ na ama okpon ke Eastern Front na mmalite nke agha ogu. The standoff were fọrọ nke nta a ọnwa, si August na September 1914, were akụkụ nke banyere 2 nde mmadụ. Austria-Hungary dị ka a N'ihi ka furu efu karịa 325 puku ndị agha (mkpọrọ yana idobe okirikiri), na Russia - 230 puku.

agha Jutland

Nke a bụ isi nke ndi-agha First World War, idaha edinam nke ghọọ North Sea (nso Jutland dịịrị banye na mmiri). The see okwu daa n'etiti ndị navies nke Germany na British Alaeze Ukwu na 31 May 1 June 1916, itule ike bụ 99 na 148 mmiri (na kara nke British n'akụkụ). Weere na abụọ ndị dị nnọọ kwesiri ngosi (karị, 11 ụgbọ mmiri na ihe karịrị 3 puku ndị mmadụ na-German n'akụkụ na 14 ụgbọ mmiri na ihe fọrọ nke nta 7,000 ọgụ site British). Ma mmeri contenders akọrọ - ọ bụ ezie na Germany na-emezughị ruo lekwasịrị na-agbaji mgbochi, ma na ọnwụ nke onye iro bụ ihe ndị ọzọ dị ịrịba ama.

agha Verdun

Nke a bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị ọbara peeji nke, gụnyere ndị isi agha nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ, nke e kere n'ihi na ọtụtụ nke 1916 (February-December) ke edem edere-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke France. N'ihi nke na-alụ ọgụ, gburu ihe dị ka otu nde ndị mmadụ. Ke adianade do, "Verdun anụ grinder" bụ a harbinger nke mmeri nke Triple Alliance na ike nke ndị Entente.

Brusilov iwe

Nke a nke ndi-agha Agha Ụwa Mbụ na Russia na-ekere òkè South-Western Front bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ omume agha, a haziri ahazi nke Russian iwu ozugbo. Mmalite nke agha nyere General Brusilov, na oru na June 1916, na Austrian ngalaba. Na ọbara agha na mgbanwe ịga nke ọma wee na ofụri okpomọkụ na n'oge ọdịda, ma ka esi agha Austria-Hungary dara, ma, nnukwu losses nke Russian Alaeze Ukwu ghọrọ otu n'ime ndị akpali nke dugara na February mgbanwe.

ọrụ Nivelle

Mgbagwoju na-akpasu iwe e mere na-atụgharị tide nke agha na Western Front, hazie jikotara aka wee site Britain na France, na-amalite n'ihe April na May 1917, na-gosipụtawo ike ha budata karịa ndị ike nke Germany. Otú ọ dị, na-ebu a na-ghar itunanya dara, ma, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị e mesoro bụ nnukwu - Mba Ndị Jikọrọ Aka furu efu banyere 340 puku ndị mmadụ, mgbe ịgbachitere Germany - 163 puku.

Isi tank agha Agha Ụwa nke Mbụ

N'oge nke First World mgbe ọtụtụ ojiji nke tankị abịabeghị, ma ha aghaghị-kwuru. September 15, 1916 maka oge mbụ n'ọgbọ agha ekpe British Mk.I, ma ọ dịkarịa ala 49 igwe, naanị 18 na-enwe ike isonye (17 mesịrị bụrụ ezighị ezi, ọbụna tupu agha, na 14 irreversibly rapaara n'okporo ụzọ ma ọ bụ nke ọrụ n'ihi na nke mmebi) , ma ha anya emewo ka aghara n'ime n'ohu ndị iro na ndị Germany mebiri site na akara na a omimi nke 5 km.

N'agha nke mbụ wee ebe kpọmkwem n'etiti igwe bụ nso na njedebe nke agha, mgbe Wheeler Breton na April 1918 na mberede chere ihu atọ Mk.IV (England) na atọ A7V (Germany), na-akpata otu tank n'akụkụ nke ọ bụla na-kpọrọ mebiri emebi, ma n'ozuzu pụta bụ ike ịkọwa na ihu ọma nke onye ọzọ ahụ. Na otu ụbọchị, "keihuojoo" English Mk.A, bụ onye tara ahụhụ si na-anwụghị na nzukọ mbụ A7V. Ọ bụ ezie na ruru bụ 1: 7, ma ihe na-anọgide na n'akụkụ nke egbe "German" bụ n'ihu na-akwado na ogbunigwe.

Nti na-enwe nsogbu mere, na October 8, 1918, mgbe British ihu 4 Mk.IV na otu nọmba nke otu German tankị (weghaara), weere na-niile metere site abụọ. Otú ọ dị, isi nke ndi-agha First World War ekpe na-enweghị nkwado nke a ọhụrụ dị ize ndụ armored ugbo ala.

The First World emeela ka ida nke ugboro anọ nke di uku alaeze ukwu - na British, Ottoman, Austria na Hungarian na Russian, na ahụhụ dị ka mmeri na ihu nke Entente, na meriri na ihu nke Germany, Austria-Hungary, na Germany maka a ogologo oge e chie napụ ohere iru a agha ala.

Onwu nke agha karịa 12 nde nkịtị na 10 nde ndị agha n'ụwa nile na-abịa a oge siri oké ike nke lanarị na mgbake. N'aka nke ọzọ, ọ bụ n'oge afọ 1914-1919 enwere a kwesiri ngosi mmepe nke ngwá agha, ìhè igwe egbe na mbụ ji mee ihe, bombu launchers, e kwuru na okporo ụzọ nke agha na tankị, na nke elu-igwe - ụgbọelu malitere inye ikuku nkwado maka agha. Otú ọ dị, oké agha nke Agha Ụwa Mbụ e nwere nanị harbingers nke ọgụ na eketịbede mgbe iri afọ abụọ.