The ndụ okirikiri nke mkpụrụ ndụ - na oge site ya mụrụ otu nọọrọ onwe ha nkewa ma ọ bụ ọnwụ

The ndụ okirikiri nke mkpụrụ ndụ - oge nke ndị mbụ unit nke ndị dị ndụ si ya inception ka ya nkewa nke nkewa ma ọ bụ ọnwụ. Ọ na-agụnye ihe niile eke mgbanwe ata organelles arụ ya ọrụ.

Dabere na ya nzukọ na iche iche ọkọlọtọ cell okirikiri ike-adịru na 30 nkeji na 3 ụbọchị. Ihe atụ, mgbe ndinuak mkpụrụ ndụ na echinoderms ndụ okirikiri bụ 30 nkeji, na nsia epidermis na ụmụ mmadụ - by 12 awa. E nwekwara ndị isi nkeji nke ndụ, nke na-adịghị ekewa, ie, adịghị mụta nwa, ha na-arụ ha bu n'obi na ọrụ ma na-anwụ - .. dị otú ahụ dị ka akwara, striated muscle emep uta eri. Self cell ndụ okirikiri nwere ike kewara abụọ oge: interphase, ma ọ bụ oge nke uto na mitosis - oge nkewa. Interphase agụnye, karị, a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke n'ụzọ:

1. G1 (postmitotic) - mbụ uto na-adọ. Mgbe a na ogbo, nzukọ ụmụ mRNA, ndi na-edozi na ndị ọzọ na cell mmiri.
2. S (sịntetik) - emee DNA replication, nke na-eduga a ibawanye nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa na ihe onwunwe. Ná ngwụsị nke na-adọ abụọ nke otu ụdị DNA abụọ helix. Onye ọ bụla nke uzo nke deoxyribonucleic acid mejupụtara otu gburugburu ochie, na nke abụọ - a ọhụrụ otu, nke e hiwere na ndabere nke complementarity.
3. G2 (premitotic) - bụ idozi usoro, nke na-agụnye mgbazi nke njehie mere n'oge DNA njikọ na aga na-adọ. Akpọkọtara nri, ike, na-synthesize edozi na RNA.

The isi mmewere bụ amụba mitotic okirikiri nke cell proliferative ma ọ bụ nke na-amalite ozugbo mgbe G2. Ọ bụ a set nke usoro na-erukwa na ndị mbụ bughi unit ndụ site na otu nkewa ruo na nsọtụ ọzọ na-etolite a ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke enyemaka mkpụrụ ndụ. Mitosis bụ isi ụdị somatic nkewa (-ekere òkè mmekọahụ mmeputakwa) nke mbụ nkeji nke nuclear ntule.

The ndụ okirikiri nke mkpụrụ ndụ dị oké mkpa maka ahụ, na-enye nchekwa nke ọnụ ọgụgụ na udi nke chromosomes e ji mara onye nke ọ bụla ụdị (karyotype), n'ihi ya, ọ dị mkpa ka ihe niile nkewa oge agafeela enweghị ihe ọ bụla nsogbu. Mitosis emi esịnede 4 consecutive n'ụzọ:

1. Prophase. N'oge a, ndị cell nkewa na-adị na na ndiiche dị n'etiti okporo osisi centrioles, nke na-interconnected site a spindle nkewa. Site na njedebe nke oge a nucleoli tisaa chromosome thickened na nkpirikpi, i.e. bụ ha odide.
2. Metaphase. Nucleoprotein Ọdịdị kwekọọ tinyere ụwa mkpụrụ ndụ kpụrụ metaphase efere. Abịa isi constriction nke chromosomes. Mgbe ahụ, onye ọ bụla nke ha na-kewara abụọ chromatids.
3. Anaphase. Na nke a na-adọ obrazovashiesya nwa chromosomes kwaga dị iche iche osisi, ebe ha bụ ndị ewepụghị ma tụsaratụ.
4. Telophase. Weghachiri nucleolus na isi nkewa nke cytoplasm emee.

N'ihi ya, cell okirikiri - oge nke ndụ si nwa ka ozizi mbụ unit nke ọnwụ nke ndị dị ndụ.