The ọrụ nke a noun na-ekwu okwu. The ojiji nke nouns okwu

Category akụkụ nke okwu na Russian asụsụ bụ isi morphology. Ọ maara na ha na-ekewa n'ime anọ na klas: nọọrọ onwe ha, ọrụ, modal (ma ọ bụ ndenye) okwu na interjections. The mbụ na-emetụta a noun. Site na nnukwu, ọ nwere ike na-ewere dị ka isi asụsụ echiche.

Aha dị ka a akụkụ nke okwu

Anyị ọkọwa okwu nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ dị ukwuu nke okwu na-anọchi ihe, ọ ga-abụ ndị mmadụ, anụmanụ, na ihe ụfọdụ ma ọ bụ bekee. All ndị a nouns. Ke adianade do, e nwere ndị nkịtị echiche, gụnyere onye e ji mara, n'ihi na ihe atụ, ime ihe n'eziokwu, obiọma, ekworo; na-ehi ụra, na-agba ọsọ, ịgba egwú, ntụrụndụ. Dị otú ahụ nouns na-mkpa nke ịgwa na-aza ajụjụ "onye?" ma ọ bụ "ihe?".

All ndị a na-akpọ ndụ na-adịghị ndụ akpọkwa nwere ndị dị otú morphological ige ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka nwoke na nwanyi, ọnụ ọgụgụ na ikpe. Ntem, ha na-ekewa atọ nwoke (oke, nwanyị, n'etiti), ịdị iche na nọmba (erikwa na otutu), nakwa dị ka isii ikpe.

Aha dị ka a akụkụ nke okwu Ọ nwere onye mbụ udi n'ụdị nke nominative erikwa: nwa bebi, girl, ntu oyi, ọṅụ, sugar.

The ọrụ nke a noun okwu

Na Russian, ọ bụla 100 okwu na akaụntụ maka 40 nouns. Ha mejupụtara 40% nke lexical Ọdịdị. Nke a pụtara na ọ fọrọ nke nta ọ bụla nke abụọ okwu bụ isiokwu ma ọ bụ echiche na-aza ajụjụ "onye?" ma ọ bụ "ihe?". N'ihi na na-esi ike overestimate ọrụ nke a noun na-ekwu okwu.

Site na nnukwu, na-enweghị a okwu nkeji ga-enweghị zuru oke. Mgbe ikpe, dị ka a na-achị, e nwere njikọ dị n'etiti ihe na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ha, ya mere, ọ fọrọ nke nta onye ọ bụla n'ime ha nwere a noun, na mgbe ihe karịrị otu. The uru nke akụkụ a nke okwu a ma nnọọ ama, kwuru, sị VG Vetvitsky, akọwapụta ya dị ka "ìgwè ndị egwú eduzi okwu" ọ bụla enyo a na-ele ihe nile nke "ìgwè ndị egwú" - dabere okwu na ketara ụdị na-ekweta na ya.

Ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na ngwọju-anya ọbụla nke nouns, na ha na-eme dị ka a n'aka okwu ndị (metaphors, epithets, atụnyere), na ọnụnọ nke ọtụtụ ndị, ọ bụghị nanị na ozugbo, ma a n'ụzọ ihe atụ.

The ojiji nke nouns okwu

Nke a na udi nke akụkụ nke okwu ahịrịokwu anamde ihe dị oké mkpa ọrụ na guzobe predicative bases. Dị ka ihe atụ, a noun nwere ike ime ihe dị ka nanị isi okwu na nominative ikpe. A pụtara ìhè ihe atụ bụ see okwu site Alexander Blok, "Night. Street. Ejegharị. Pharmacy ... "

The ọrụ nke noun na ajụjụ na-adịghị otú mmachi. Dị ka a predicate, ọ nwere ike owụt ke nominative na-akpọ bicomponent ahịrịokwu: "Nwanne m nwaanyị - amụrụ", na Nleta ndị oblique ikpe na-eji dị ka a nkesa nke ndị na-esonụ ụkpụrụ:

• ihe ( "Masha jupụtara n'ime Abamuru");
• nke onye ( "Nwa agbọghọ ahụ na-egbuke egbuke na obi ụtọ");
• attributive ( "Cabinet isi bụ saa mbara ezu");
• adverbial ( "Anyị niile gbakọtara n'ọnụ ụzọ").

N'ihi na eziokwu na noun nwere udi nke okike na nọmba, ọ nwere ike na-jikọtara na ụdị dị iche iche nke negotiated na ya okwu: mara mma (s) uwe (m), mara mma (s) image (s), mara mma (f) ifuru (s).

The ojiji nke ihe nouns

Dabere na e ji mara nke kwupụtara ụkpụrụ nke akụkụ a nke okwu na-ekewa n'ime ọtụtụ dị iche iche, otu nke bụ unit (agwa, ahịhịa), ihe onwunwe (mmiri ara ehi na mmanụ aṅụ, silver), obon (epupụta, ájá, anụ ọhịa). Ma eleghị anya, ihe kasị ọtụtụ ma ebe nile na ojiji nke okwu - nouns, nke nwere n'etiti ndị ihe na nkịtị echiche.

The nnọọ okwu a "ihe nouns" ama zuru ezu chọpụta ọdịnaya nke otu. Echiche a na-akpọ dị iche iche ihe na phenomena nke eziokwu. Otu n'ime ndị ha peculiarity bụ na okwu nke na udi-kpọmkwem nouns na-zuru oke jikọtara ọ bụla numerals - ma quantitative na ordinal, na a mkpokọta: abụọ na-amụ ije, nke abụọ na nwa, abụọ na-amụ ije; abụọ pencils - abụọ pensụl.

The abụọ feature - ike na-etolite na-akpụzi otutu: tot - amụ ije pensụl - pencils.

The ojiji nke nkịtị nouns

Aha nke ụfọdụ nkịtị echiche, kwa, bụ a siri ike oyi akwa nke Russian okwu. Okwu ndị a na - nouns, aha ma ọ bụ na-egosi ụfọdụ nkịtị echiche, ihe ma ọ bụ ala (a mgba, ọṅụ), àgwà ma ọ bụ e ji mara (omume ọma, ịdị mma, yellowness).

N'adịghị ka kpọmkwem nkịtị aha e ji naanị na otu ụdị nke - ma ọ bụ naanị otu (nkịtị, gloss, na-achị ọchị, ọjọọ), ma ọ bụ naanị ndị multiple (weekdays, ememe, na ntuli aka, chi ojiji). Ọzọkwa, ha nwere ike ghara jikọtara na kadinal nọmba. Unu na-ekwu, atọ nkịtị, abụọ gloss. Ụfọdụ n'ime nkịtị nouns nwere ike iji ọtụtụ adverbs - a obere obere - ọtụtụ ihe, ọtụtụ, "Ma a ọtụtụ ụmụaka me ọṅụ!", "Ga-eme ka a mfịna," "Ma otú ihe bụ chioma!"

Mgbe ụfọdụ, iji mata ihe ọ bụla ihe ngosipụta nke nkịtị àgwà, ike ga-eji na-egosi ihe karịrị n'ụdị a: na ntu oyi - égbè eluigwe gbara January frosts, miri - iru oké osimiri omimi, mma - enwe mma nke okike, wdg

Ọtụtụ ugboro ugboro nouns okwu

Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-agbalị iji nyochaa okwu nke nkezi Russian, anyị nwere ike ikwubi banyere ewu ewu na nke okwu ụfọdụ ji na ya. Ọtụtụ mgbe na-eji, nke mere na-ekwu okwu, everyday nouns. Na a okwu nke ọ bụla onye ahụ ga-ada aha arịa (ngaji, mma, ndụdụ, eso, pans, wdg), nri (nri, mmiri ara ehi, soseji, pasta, wdg), Words metụtara ọrụ, iga, ọmụmụ.

Iji chọpụta na-eji na-ekwu okwu ma ọ bụ na aha (aha nke echiche), philologists-ọkà mmụta sayensị mepụtara omenala Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu. Ụfọdụ n'ime ha bụ naanị nouns, ya mere, nke dabeere na-amụ otú ahụ kwe omume ise ụfọdụ nkwubi okwu. Ndị a Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu na-akpọ ugboro.

afọ, ndị mmadụ, oge, okwu, ndụ, ụbọchị, n'aka, na-arụ ọrụ, okwu, ebe: Ke otu n'ime ndị a anatara puku nouns nyere ndị na-esonụ okwu ndị kasị ugboro ugboro.

Nouns na a na nwa na-ekwu okwu

Si ele ihe anya nke ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, ọbụna oge ochie mmadụ, ebe ọ maara na ụwa gbara anyị gburugburu, ịgagharị ọdịdị na ya phenomena, na-enye ha aha ha. Ndị a aha ihe karịrị oge ofu ke asụsụ nke ebo nile, na-eke ya okwu. N'otu aka ahụ, nouns-egosi na nwa ahụ na-ekwu. Fọrọ nke a bụ nke mbụ kwuru okwu ha: mama, papa, nwaanyị, kitty, wdg Kid ka oge ochie ndị mmadụ, kwa, jiri ịnụ ọkụ n'obi na-achọ gburugburu na chọrọ ịmata aha a ma ọ bụ na ihe, na mgbe ahụ ka ndị ọzọ elu echiche.

Ya mere, oge na-, ekem ke ụmụ associative links, ha okwu na-aka mma na ọhụrụ nouns. Dị ka ihe atụ, nwa maara ihe ahịhịa, na mgbe ahụ, mgbe ọ ghọtara na o nwere otu onye na-agba, na-amalite, na okwu "green." The noun "mgbidi" dabere na ihe onwunwe na-aghọ "anụ ahụ" - brick, nkume, osisi. Okwu ndị a, kwa, na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-esịne ke ọkọwa okwu nke nwa.

ọgwụgwụ

Aha, na-anọchi ihe ma ọ bụ onu, na-akpọ ya na broadest uche. Ya mere, o nwere ike ịbụ aha nke ihe na ihe (Oche, akwụkwọ, akwụkwọ ọgụgụ, wardrobe), ihe (agba, ntụ ọka, alkali), ndụ na ntule (nwoke, cat, starling, nje na-akpata), ihe omume, phenomena, eziokwu (opera, oké ifufe, ọṅụ), ebe aha, aha na surnames nke ndị mmadụ, nakwa dị ka àgwà, Njirimara, omume, na-ekwu, (obiọma, ọgụgụ isi, na-eje ije, iro ụra). All ndị a pụtara ìhè ihe atụ nke ojiji nke nouns.

Na enyemaka ha na ọ dị mfe na-ịnyagharịa obodo n'okporo ámá, na-agụ ihe ịrịba ama, n'ihi na aha ndị oru na òtù na-anọchi anya akụkụ a nke okwu. N'otu aka ahụ, mfe were ihe ga-atụle a n'akwụkwọ ma ọ bụ isiokwu (utu aha, dị ka a na-achị, e nwere a noun). Ọ nwere ike na-akpọ ndị kasị ochie, ndị kasị nkịtị, ndị kasị onwe ha, ihe ndị kasị mkpa, na-adọrọkwa akụkụ ke ụtọ asụsụ.

Ọ gaghị ekwe omume na-na-ekweta na L. mwere, kọwaa ọrụ nke a noun na okwu, na-akpọ ya nri asụsụ. Olee otú dị mkpa bụ nke a ngwaahịa na a ndụ mmadụ dị nnọọ mkpa, na a na udi na ịrụ ọrụ nke asụsụ.