The Satellites nke Saturn, Enceladus. Mmadụ ọ na-na Enceladus

The Satellites nke Saturn, Enceladus, Titan, Dione, Tethys, na ndị ọzọ - bụ dị iche iche na size, udi ma na Ọdịdị. Large na oké n'ụbọchị ememme ọnwa nade na obere na nkume. Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị akpali ihe na usoro - Enceladus. Research na-egosi na nke isii kasị ọnwa nke Saturn nwere a subsurface osimiri. Ọkà mmụta sayensị na-akpọ Enceladus viable akwukwo maka nchọpụta nke ndụ ya dị mfe iche-iche.

gas ibu

Saturn - nke abụọ kasị ukwuu planet na mbara igwe. The n'obosara bụ ubé ala karịa onye ndú na nke a, Jupiter. Otú ọ dị, uka nke Saturn bụghị otú ukwuu. Ya njupụta bụ obere karịa nke mmiri oke na bụ agaghịkwa e ji mara maka ihe ọ bụla nke mbara ala na usoro.

Saturn, dị ka Jupiter, Uranus, na Neptune, na nkewa dị ka a gas Rafa. Ọ mejupụtara hydrogen, helium, methane, amonia, na mmiri na a obere ego nke arọ ọcha. Saturn nwere na-egbuke egbuke yiri mgbaaka na mbara igwe. Ha na-ekewet nke ice na ájá. Ahụ dị iche na-size: kasị obere iru iri puku kwuru iri mita, ọtụtụ ihe karịrị ole na ole mmetụta.

"Cassini"

Na 1997, ndị unit "Cassini-Huygens" na oru na-amụ Saturn na ya n'ụbọchị ememme ọnwa. Ọ ghọrọ onye mbụ wuru satellite nke gas Rafa. "Cassini" gosiri ụwa amaghị Saturn hexagonal oké ifufe photos, data on ememme ọnwa ọhụrụ, ihe oyiyi nke elu nke Titan budata zuo ezu na ihe ọmụma nke ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na nke a gas Rafa. The igwe ka na-arụ ọrụ na-aga n'ihu na-enye ihe ọmụma nchọpụta. A otutu "Cassini" na gwara banyere Enceladus.

Satellites

Gas ibu nwere ọ dịkarịa ala 62 n'ụbọchị ememme ọnwa. Ọ bụghị ihe niile nke ha nwere onwe ha aha, ụfọdụ n'ihi na obere size na ihe ndị ọzọ na-mata na nọmba. The kasị ọnwa nke gas ibu - Titan, sochiri Ray. Saturn si nile, Enceladus, Dione, Iapetus, Tethys, Mimas na a ole na ole na-na-ezi uche nnukwu na size. Otú ọ dị, nnukwu akụkụ nke ọnwa n'obosara adịghị gafere 100 m.

N'ezie, n'etiti ndị dị otú ụyọkọ ime na pụrụ iche akpọkwa. Titan, n'ihi na ihe atụ, bụ nke abụọ kasị ukwuu na size nke niile Satellites na usoro mbara igwe (mbụ - of Ganymede "ụlọ" nke Jupiter). Otú ọ dị, ya isi mma bụ nnọọ oké ikuku. Na-adịbeghị anya, enyocha mbara igwe na-esiwanye na-eduzi ha telescopes na Saturn si ọnwa Enceladus, nke nkọwa na-nyere n'okpuru.

chọpụtara

Enceladus - otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu nke Saturn si n'ụbọchị ememme ọnwa. Ọ na-e meghere nke isii. Na 1789, ọ na-chọpụtara site Uilyam Gershel na ya teliskop. Ikekwe, ndị satellite ga-emeghe tupu (ya size na elu albedo nke a so mee), ma na-ahụ Enceladus gbochie echiche nke yiri mgbaaka na ọtụtụ n'ime Saturn. Uilyam Gershel hụrụ na gas ibu na ezi oge - na o mewo ka ya na nchọpụta kwere omume.

parameters

Enceladus - nke isii kasị ọnwa nke Saturn. Ya dayameta bụ 500 km, nke bụ ihe ugboro 25 na-erughị yiri oke nke ụwa. Mass enyi usụhọde planet bụ fọrọ nke nta 200 puku ugboro. Enceladus si size adịghị eme ka ọ bụla pụtara ìhè ohere ihe. Nyere satellite site ọzọ kwa.

Enceladus nwere nnukwu reflectivity, ya albedo nso n'otu. Na dum usoro, ọ bụ eleghị anya na-egbuke egbuke ihe mgbe anyanwụ. Ihe kpatara nke kpakpando ahụ ihie na okpomọkụ nke elu nke Enceladus na niile ọzọ. Ọ na-egosipụta ihe fọrọ nke nta niile ìhè nke na-abịa ya, n'ihi na ọ na-kpuchie ke ice. The nkezi elu okpomọkụ nke -200 ° C na satellite.

The orbit nke satellite dị nso iji na Saturn yiri mgbaaka. Site gas ibu ọ na-iche site na a anya nke 237 378 km. Otu mgbanwe gburugburu planet enyi na-eme ka 32,9 awa.

n'elu

Ná mmalite, ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị enweghị mmasị n'ime Enceladus otú n'ọrụ. Otú ọ dị, unit "Cassini", ọtụtụ ugboro a kama nso obibia nke satellite, nyere nnọọ akpali data ka Earth.

Elu Enceladus uneventful craters. All ndị metụtara nke ọdịda nke meteorites na-lekwasị na obere ebe. A atụmatụ nke satellite nwere ọtụtụ mmejọ, folds na cracks. Kasị ịtụnanya nke Education na-emi odude nso n'ebe ndịda osisi nke satellite. Parallel na tectonic mmejọ na-hụrụ "Cassini" igwe na 2005. A kpọrọ ha "tiger n'ọnyá" n'ihi na ya yiri picture moustached eri ibe.

Dị ka ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, ndị a cracks - eto eto guzobere, na-egosi na satellite esịtidem geological ọrụ. "Agu n'ọnyá" 130 km ogologo iche site na etiti oge nke 40 km. Ugboelu "Voyager 2" na-efe efe gara aga Enceladus na 1981, ahụghị-anaghị emezi emezi nke dị na ndịda osisi. The na-eme nnyocha na-egosi na cracks kpọmkwem a puku afọ, na ọ bụ omume ha dị afọ iri gara aga.

okpomọkụ anomalies

Orbital ebe aha a na-abụghị ọkọlọtọ okpomọkụ nkesa n'elu Enceladus. Ọ tụgharịrị na ndịda osisi nke w ahụ heats ukwuu karịa ekwueto. Sun gaghị enwe ike ime ka ihe dị otú ahụ anomaly: abụkarị okporo osisi bụ coldest ebe. Ọkà mmụta sayensị na aka na-amụ ihe nke Enceladus, na-na ọgwụgwụ nke na-akpata nke kpo oku - esịtidem okpomọkụ isi iyi.

Ọ bụ uru na-ekwu banyere na elu okpomọkụ n'ebe a dị ukwuu site ụkpụrụ nke ndị dị otú ahụ a na n'ime ime obodo ebe usoro mbara igwe. The Satellites nke Saturn, Enceladus, Titan, Iapetus, na ndị ọzọ - ike ghara ịnya isi nke na-ekpo ọkụ ebe ke mbụ uche. The okpomọkụ na anomalous zones naanị 20-30º n'elu-ajụ, i.e. hà dị -180 Celsius C.

Astrophysics-atụ aro na ihe mere kpo oku ndịda osisi nke satellite bụ oké osimiri, dị na ya elu.

geysers

Subsurface oké osimiri na Enceladus na-eme ka ya onwe ya chere bụghị naanị site na kpo oku ndịda osisi. The mmiri mmiri akụrụngwa ọ na-ahụ dị ka geysers site "tiger n'ọnyá". Ike jets a hụrụ dị ka nyocha "Cassini" ke 2005. The ngwaọrụ anakọtara samples nke ihe onwunwe eruba mmiri. Ya analysis dugara abụọ echiche. Near elu nke ahụ gbapụrụnụ si "tiger n'ọnyá", nwere nnukwu ego nke salts. Ha na-arụtụ aka na ịdị adị nke oké osimiri n'okpuru elu nke Enceladus (na nke a bụ nke mbụ ọgwụgwụ nke ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị si data "Cassini"). Na a nnọọ elu ọnụego nke cracks na-wetara ahụ nwere obere nnu. Ọgwụgwụ nke abụọ: ha na-etolite a mgbanaka E ka "n'ókèala" n'ezie dị Saturn.

subsurface osimiri

Otu nnukwu òkè nke n'ịgbanahụ ahụ dị nso na mejupụtara ka mmiri nke oké osimiri. Ha agbanahụ na a dịtụ ala ọsọ na nwere ike ịbụ a ihe maka mgbanaka E nnu ahụ na-ada n'elu Enceladus. The mejupụtara nke bursting of ice na-egosi na isi ya nwere ike ghara oyi kpọnwụrụ jikọrọ ọnụ nke satellite.

The na-eme nnyocha na-ekwu na nnu oké osimiri emi odude ke a omimi nke 50 kilomita n'okpuru elu nke Enceladus. Ọ na-ejedebeghị na otu akụkụ nke a ike isi na oké uwe-nwuda - ya nke ọzọ. The mmiri na interlayer na mmiri mmiri ala, n'agbanyeghị na ala okpomọkụ. Ọ na-adịghị ifriizi n'ihi na elu nnu ọdịnaya, nakwa site a mmụba ike nke na-emepụta ndọda ubi nke Saturn na ihe ndị ọzọ.

The ego nke Takọọ mmiri (ihe dị ka 200 kg ọ bụla nke abụọ) na-ekwu okwu nke a nnukwu oké osimiri ebe. The jets nke mmiri vepo na ice na-wetara n'elu site guzobe cracks, nke ime ka nsogbu nsogbu.

ikuku

Automatic interplanetary ebe "Cassini" hụrụ na Enceladus, na ikuku. Ya na nke mbụ aha magnetometer ngwaọrụ na utịp ke magnetosphere nke Saturn. Mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị, "Cassini" ozugbo idozi ya, na-ekiri ndị eklips enyi gamma Orionis. Research nyocha ekwe ka ịmụta kpọmkwem mejupụtara nke Saturn si oké ọnwa ikuku. 65% mejupụtara mmiri vepo na nke abụọ ebe emi odude ke a molekụla hydrogen ịta (ihe dị ka 20%) na-na-ahụrụ carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide na molekụla nitrogen.

The isi iyi nke replenishment nke ikuku na-atụ anya geysers, mgbawa ugwu ahụ ma ọ bụ gas.

Mmadụ ọ na-na Enceladus?

Ịchọta mmiri na mmiri mmiri na ala - a ụdị a ngafe na a ndepụta nke nwere ike ibi na (n'ụzọ na mfe ntule) na mbara ala. Dị ka ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị, ma ọ bụrụ na oké osimiri n'okpuru elu nke Enceladus ka ogologo adị, ebe ọ bụ na ọmụmụ nke anyanwụ usoro, gbasara nke puru omume na-achọta ndụ e nwere ezi elu, ọ bụrụhaala na mmiri fọrọ nke nta niile na oge ahụ nọgidere na-enwe na mmiri mmiri ala. Ọ bụrụ na oké osimiri freezes oge, o kwere omume n'ihi na nke nnukwu anya si ọkụ, mgbe ahụ, a ohere nke habitability-aghọ nnọọ obere.

Iji gosi ma ọ bụ ịgbagha echiche nke na-eme nnyocha bụ ugbu a ike nanị ihe ọmụma ndị na-abịa site "Cassini" nyocha. Ya ozi nọ na-akp ruo 2017. Ọ na-amaghị otú anya ga-enwe ike ịga na Saturn na ya Satellites nke ọzọ ohere eme Nchoputa Banyere. The anya si n'ụwa Enceladus nnukwu, na ndị a oru ngo na-achọ ịkpachara anya nkwadebe na nnukwu ego.

"Cassini" nyocha na-aga n'ihu. Ọ na-aga amụ gas ibu Saturn na Satellites. Enceladus, Otú ọ dị, na-egosi na isi ndepụta aga-eme. Kwuru, atụmatụ gụnyere ya na ndepụta nke kasị mkpa. Ọ dịghị onye na-atụ anya na-ahụ mmiri na mmiri mmiri obodo na saịtị nke mbara igwe, ebe Saturn dị. Photos of geysers on Enceladus, na a afọ ole na ole mgbe ọ chọpụtara na-egosi ịrịba. Ọ bụ omume satellite ịtụnanya na-adịghị agwụ ruo mgbe ẹkụre ozi "Cassini" Astrophysics ịmụta ọtụtụ ihe na-akpali ihe banyere nke a oké ọnwa.