Ụzọ nke okwu guzobere na Russian

Russian asụsụ - onu nke-adịghị agwụ agwụ, ike. Ọ kama mkpatụ ka ihe na-eme gburugburu. The asụsụ bụ mgbe niile na-etolite ọhụrụ okwu, ochie echiche na-aga, na mgbe ahụ nwere ike ịlaghachi na asụsụ na ọhụrụ pụtara. Nke a mere ka ihe atụ, okwu tagzi. Ọ na-arahụ si asụsụ, tinyere ofufe nke ọrụ. Otú ọ dị, n'oge perestroika, mgbe wee malite ịkpa onwe taxi, okwu azụ na kwuru asụsụ. Taa, na ọtụtụ ndị na obodo, ya mere, a na-akpọ iwu na-akwadoghị taxi ọkwọ ụgbọala.

Dị ka okwu na-guzobere na Russian asụsụ? nweta ụzọ dị iche iche. Na Russian asụsụ e nwere ebe anọ isi ụzọ, ọ bụla nke nwere ya gradations na atụmatụ.

1. The kacha arụpụta bụghị naanị na Russian, kamakwa niile Slavic asụsụ a na-ewere a morphological usoro. Ọ na-agụnye ihe e kere eke nke ọhụrụ okwu iji morpheme. N'ime ya, e nwere ọtụtụ ụdị nke okwu guzobere iji morpheme. Morpheme na-akpọ bara uru kacha nta unit nke asụsụ gụnyere ndị mejupụtara nke okwu na-enwe eigenvalue. Site na nke a n'ọnọdụ, morphological usoro okwu guzobere ekewa:

• Prefixed mgbe ikunye tupu dum mgbọrọgwụ. (Always - ruo mgbe ebighị ebi, mara mma - nnọọ mma, na-aga - aga, ìhè - na chi).
• Suffix. Ikunye guzo mgbe mgbọrọgwụ, na-mmasị ya isi. (Ọrụ - na-arụ ọrụ, na-ede - ide, ekwe - ịkpa ákwà, mma - mara mma).
• Prefixed-suffixed ụzọ nweta, dị ka aha na-egosi, a ọhụrụ okwu kpụrụ n'otu oge nkekọ isi nganiihu na postfix. (Window - sill, ide - ịrịba ama, ọdịda - na n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ). The kasị kpụrụ dị ka ngwaa (ije - akwụ ụgwọ), nouns (snow - snowdrop).
• Bessuffiksny ụzọ okwu guzobere bụ na okwu "na-achụpụ" na ọgwụgwụ nke suffix. Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-guzobere ọnụ nouns. (Heating - kpo oku, bran - aṅụ iyi). Ma e nwere ndị ọzọ nhọrọ (obosara - obosara, nwa - nwa).
• Mgbakwunye. Okwu pụrụ kpụrụ site na-agbakwụnye dum okwu (bed-sofa, a ekwentị ụlọ ndò), okwu ị ga (ụgwọ, mgbatị), site na njikọ udaume (steelworker, Pathfinder), site na mbụ akwụkwọ ozi (MSU, okporo ụzọ uwe ojii, Ụlọ ihe nkiri maka Young People, ute).

E nwere ụzọ ndị ọzọ nke okwu guzobere.

2. The lexical-ọmụmụ gbasara asụsụ. Na nke a, onye maara okwu, dị ka ọ na-kewaa homonyms (dị iche iche pụtara ma yiri na pronunciation ma ọ bụ mkpoputa nke a okwu). Nke a na usoro - a pụtara ìhè nkwenye nke dynamism nke asụsụ dị ka a onu. The semantics nke okwu mgbanwe, n'ihi na dị iche iche pụtara nke ambiguous okwu ịkpafu ma ọ bụ ha na njikọ na-efu karịrị oge. (Oku okpu - eme egwuregwu nkịta, Ester - na okwu gas Broadcasting, ikpa isi - a ngwá ọrụ, osimiri ikpa isi nwanyi ntutu, ogbo - klas invertebrates ngwaahịa ụfụfụ).

3. Morphological na syntactic, nke okwu "mgbanwe" akụkụ nke okwu. (Na ƈ a (adj) ụlọ -. Naa (noun), ice ude, achicha.).

4. Lexical na syntax, nke na-enye ohere na-etolite a ọhụrụ okwu site asọkọta ọnụ abụọ "ochie" (ntu oyi, ugbu a, na nwa oge).

All nke a ụzọ nke ebe e si nweta ihe e ji mara nke Russian na Slavic asụsụ, ha na-eje ozi dị ka a ngwá ọrụ iji ịgbakwunye okwu. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụghị nanị na e guzobere ọhụrụ okwu jupụta elu na ọkọwa okwu.

Ọ bụ uru na-ekwu banyere ihe dị otú ahụ dị ka na-agbaziri si n'asụsụ ndị ọzọ. Nke a na onu, na otu aka, nwere ihe ọ bụla na-eme na okwu-guzobere. N'aka nke ọzọ, site na iji biiri okwu ọhụrụ (karịsịa okwu asụsụ) na-emekarị kpụrụ ụzọ nke okwu guzobere. N'ihi ya, e a na kọmputa (site na kọmputa gị) flash mbanye (site na a flash kaadị).

Okwu guzobere, nakwa dị ka ihe niile ndị ọzọ n'ígwé nke asụsụ, o doro anya normalized. Norms gụnyere Akwụkwọ ọkọwa okwu, akwụkwọ, chịa akwụkwọ.