Vladikavkaz: ndị mmadụ, foto. The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke bi n'obodo nke Vladikavkaz

Otu n'ime ndị kasị mara mma obodo na North Caucasus bụ Vladikavkaz. The bi ebe a bụ anabata na enyi na enyi. Nke a obodo enyene a pụtara nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị nke okpukpe dị iche iche na natsionalnosey. Ka anyị na-amụta ihe isi omume igwe mmadụ na-egosi na ya mara na ndị bi na nke Vladikavkaz.

obodo ọnọdụ

Ka anyị dị nnọọ chọpụta ala ọnọdụ nke obodo, tupu ị malite na-amụ na-egosi ihe e ji mara ndị bi n'obodo. Vladikavkaz emi odude n'ime North Caucasus na a elu nke 692 m. Ọ na nsogbu na ma bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu osimiri nke dị n'ógbè na-akpọ Terek, adịghị anya site isi ya. 30 km si n'obodo na-emi odude Daryal akpiri.

Obodo dị na a ọnọdụ ihu igwe mpaghara na a ọnọdụ continental idụhe ụdị. The nkezi okpomọkụ na July bụ warmest ọnwa bụ 20.7 degrees Celsius. The zuru kacha - 39,2 degrees. The nkezi okpomọkụ nke coldest ọnwa n'afọ - February - bụ 5.6 degrees n'okpuru efu, na onye zuru nke kacha nta nke 27.8 degrees. The nkezi afọ okpomọkụ na Vladikavkaz - 9.2 degrees n'elu efu.

N'ihi na afọ na isi obodo nke North Osisha, dara na nkezi 933 mm ozuzo.

Ke ofụri ofụri, idụhe nke region e ji dịtụ nwayọọ winters na ogologo, ma akọrọ n'oge okpomọkụ.

N'oge, obodo bụ ndutịm center nke Republic of Alania (North Osisha), na ya na-emi odude n'ime mpaghara.

History Vladikavkaz

Iji mma ịghọta otú mmetụta oge a bi na nke Vladikavkaz, anyị ga-aga a obere n'ihu na ihe mere eme.

Kemgbe mmalite nke oge anyị, n'ógbè ebe e nwere ugbu a na-Vladikavkaz, bi-awagharị awagharị ebo Alans, nke na-ezo aka Sitia-Sarmatian iche iche otu. Ndị a bụ ndị kpọmkwem nna nna nke oge a Ossetians. Enwe ndị mba ndị ọzọ, ọtụtụ Ichi ndị Mongol, ha kwagara ebe dịtụ n'ugwu, si na-awagharị awagharị ndị mmadụ ịjụ na ugwu ugwu.

Na 1774, na nke ugbu a n'ókèala North Osisha e weghaara na Russian Alaeze Ukwu. Na 1784 Russian agha tọrọ na ókèala Vladikavkaz e wusiri ike. Ọ bụ na-a dị ike e wusiri ike na-eche nche na nkwalite nke Russian Alaeze Ukwu ke Caucasus. The aha nke a wusiri ike e nyere site agụ Pavlom Potemkinym - a anya ikwu nke a ma ama Prince, na bụ ihe abbreviated ụdị okwu bụ "Vláda Caucasus."

Obodo ahụ dị n'ọnụ ụzọ nke Daryal akpiri, ma na-abụ otu n'ime ndị isi nke Georgian agha n'okporo ụzọ.

N'ime oge ahụ, nnukwu ụlọ ghọrọ usoro. Na 1860, mgbe Agha Crimea, ọ natara ọnọdụ nke obodo, nke ghọrọ ebe nlekọta nke Terek mpaghara. Kemgbe ahụ, ndị bi na nke Vladikavkaz ahụ n'ụzọ dị ukwuu gbakwunyere site obodo Ossetians.

Na mbata nke Soviet ọchịchị na 1920, ọ na-aghọ Central obodo nke Vladikavkaz Mountain ASSR. Mgbe ya disbanding, ọ ghọtara na ndutịm center nke North-Ossetian Autonomous Region na-Ingush Autonomous District, ma ọ bụghị akụkụ nke ọ bụla n'ime ndị a entities. Mgbe akpụ na 1934, ndị Chechen-Ingush Autonomous obodo ghọrọ akụkụ nke North-Ossetian Autonomous Region, na-aghọ ya center.

Na 1931, Vladikavkaz e renamed Ordzhonikidze mgbe ama revolutionary na otu onye ndú Sergo Ordzhonikidze.

Na 1936, ndị North Ossetian AO e reorganized n'ime North Ossetian ASSR. Ordzhonikidze ghọrọ ya center.

N'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ, ọ bụ nke dị ná mpụga Vladikavkaz kpebiri akara aka nke dum Caucasus mpaghara. Soviet agha ndị ike ichughachiazu onye iro ma na-agbachitere mmezi.

Na oge site na 1944 ruo 1954. obodo a na-akpọ Dzaudzhikau. Ọ Ossetian aha, bụ nke a sụgharịrị n'ime Russian dị ka "mmezi Deauga".

Na 1981, Ordzhonikidze were otu n'ime ndị mbụ na USSR agbụrụ riots na dara ruru ka a esemokwu n'etiti ndị Ossetians na Ingush.

Na 1990 ugbu aha laghachi n'obodo.

Ugbu a ọ na-emepe emepe Vladikavkaz, ịbụ isi obodo nke Russian Federation - na Republic of North Osisha - Alania.

nlegharị anya

The ọgaranya akụkọ ihe mere nke obodo nke Vladikavkaz, na-eme ka ọnụnọ na ókèala ya nke set onwunwe nke ọdịbendị na-adọrọ mmasị.

The obodo nwere nnukwu ntụrụndụ ogige, ụmụ ogige, Obí Pioneers. Nka mma Vladikavkaz bụ Avenue Iyi. na-eto eto nke na-atụrụ ndụ na-eme ka a pụrụ iche fun na izi ụmụ ụgbọ okporo ígwè, meghere na 1967, nke nwekwara-eme ka ọzụzụ nke ụgbọ okporo ígwè specialties nwoke.

The omenala ehiwe nke obodo bụ Prospekt Mira, mabu dị ka Alexander. Ọ bụ a magburu hotel "Alexander", n'ogige nke ebe e wusiri ike Vladikavkaz, a otu nke mere ihe akụkọ ụlọ. Ncheta Lenin, Khetagurovo-emi odude ebe a.

Tinyere ihe ndị ọzọ iconic owuwu Vladikavkaz kwesịrị mata Ebube Memorial, wuru na 2005, ihe ncheta Pliev, Bulgakov, Barbasheva, Dzhibilovu.

E nwere ọtụtụ ihe magburu onwe nlegharị anya na isi obodo nke Osisha, ma ihe kasị mkpa nke ya akụ bụ ndị bi Vladikavkaz. Photos of a magburu onwe obodo nwere ike hụrụ n'elu.

Famous vladikavkaztsy

City ọkọnọ Russian na ụwa a ọtụtụ nkà ndị mmadụ. Otu n'ime ihe ndị a ma ama bi na natives nke bi ga-kwuru ọchịagha Issa Pliev, George Khetagurova na Aleksandra Karaseva, nchoputa nke GRU Haji Umar Mamsurova USSR dike na Russian Sergey Grigoryan, Kaurbeka Toguzova, Lado Davydov, Ndị mmadụ Artist nke Russia Valery Gergiev.

Ma, n'ezie, nke a abụghị ihe ike ịgwụcha agwụcha ndepụta ama ndị bụ ndị a mụụrụ ma ọ bụ biri ndụ Vladikavkaz.

bi

Ugbu a, ka anyị chọpụta ndị bi na nke Vladikavkaz. Nke a na egosi ihe dị mkpa iji ọzọ mgbakọ na mwepụ calculations. Ya mere, ihe bụ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị mmadụ bi Vladikavkaz? The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị bi na obodo bụ mkpokọta 307,5 puku.

Ma a ọtụtụ ma ọ bụ ntakịrị? Ka anyị tụnyere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị bi na nke Vladikavkaz ọzọ isi obodo nke North Caucasus Federal District. Na Stavropol, 429,6 puku ndị bi na Grozny - .. 287,4 mmadụ puku Nalchik - .. 239,0 puku ndị mmadụ, na Makhachkala - .. 587,9 puku ndị mmadụ, Cherkessk - .. 123,1 thous. ndị mmadụ. N'ihi ya, isi obodo nke North Osisha, bụ nke atọ na North Caucasus bi. Vladikavkaz - otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu na Federal District.

The ndepụta niile obodo Russia Vladikavkaz enyene 64th ebe okwu nke bi. Ọ dị mkpa gosi na n'obodo a, bụ n'ụlọ ka ọ fọrọ nke nta ọkara nke ndị bi nke Republic of North Osisha.

bi Ọnọdụ

Ugbu a, ka anyị chọpụta ihe na aga na oge nwere Vladikavkaz bi. The ọtụtụ ndị bi na dị iche iche oge nke ịdị adị nke obodo agbanweela dị iche iche ntụziaka: ya toro, ọ na-kpukpru usen. Nke a na-akpa ike bụ ma ebumnobi na nke onye ihe.

Site 1784 gụnyere mbụ mgbakọ na mwepụ data akọwa bi n'obodo. Vladikavkaz mgbe mmadụ bi 2036 mmadụ. Karịsịa sharply ụba ndị bi na mgbe ya ebe e wusiri ike obodo ọnọdụ. Ya mere, ọ bụrụ na na 1870 na Vladikavkaz, puku mmadụ iri bi, site 1888 nke, a ọnụ ọgụgụ ruru ihe fọrọ nke nta 38 puku.

Up ruo na 1992, nke nta nke nta ụba na obodo bi. Vladikavkaz eto, ọ bụ ezie na e nwere ndị afọ nke a nwa oge iju ke nọmba. A oge na-agụnye 1895 - 1897 afọ, 1915 - .. 1920, 1937, 1969, 1979, 1985, ma n'ozuzu a na a bukwanu abawanye. Ya mere, na 1992, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị bi na Vladikavkaz ruru ya akụkọ ihe mere elu, na-eru 325 puku. People. Mgbe ahụ, na 1993 na 2002., A oge nke afọ nke na-amụba ọtụtụ afọ nyere ụzọ ọdịda ya, na Anglịkan. Ebe ọ bụ na 2003, nke nta nke nta aghọ obere bi Vladikavkaz. Ndị bi na nke stably belata. Nanị otu afọ, nke isịneke a okirikiri - 2015 nke. Ma ugbua na 2016, ndị bi na aka iso ada.

njupụta nke bi

Otu n'ime ndị isi na omume igwe mmadụ na-egosi bụ ndị bi na njupụta. Ka anyị chọpụta ya uru na kọwara bi. The njupụta nke ndị bi n'obodo Vladikavkaz, bụ nke dị na ókèala 291 square mita. km bụ banyere 1.1 puku. cel. / sq. km.

Site tụnyere, na njupụta nke ndị bi Grozny hà 0,9 puku ndị / sq ... km Stavropol - 2.5 ths / sq ... km na Makhachkala - 1.3 puku ndị / sq ... km. N'ihi ya, Vladikavkaz nwere ihe nkezi tụnyere ndị ọzọ ndutịm emmepe nke Ugwu Caucasus.

National mejupụtara

Ugbu a ọ bụ oge anya na ihe ndị agbụrụ dị iche iche na-atụle ya n'ụlọ ha Vladikavkaz. Population site mba na a kama Motley.

Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị bi na Vladikavkaz ndị nnọchiteanya nke titular mba Alanya - Ossetians. Ha na-ekere òkè ngụkọta bi nke isi obodo bụ mkpokọta 64%. The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke Russian na Vladikavkaz, adịghị gafere 25%.

Ọzọ ná mba ukwu obere: Armenian - 3.5%, Georgia - 2.2%, Ingushs - 1.1%. The ọnụ ọgụgụ nke Azerbaijanis, Ukrainians na-Grik na-eru ọbụna 1% nke ngụkọta ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị bi ndụ na North Ossetian isi obodo. Kumyks Turks Kabardians, Chechens, Gris, Roma, Tatars, ndị Juu na Koreans ọbụna ugbu n'etiti bi Vladikavkaz. The bi n'obodo, dị ka anyị na-ahụ, bụ nnọọ iche iche, ọ bụ ezie na ya isi ọkpụkpụ ka Ossetians na Russian.

okpukpe

Ugbu a, ka anyị chọpụta ihe bụ n'ihe ndị metụtara okpukpe Vladikavkaz. Ndị bi na nke obodo a sị na Orthodox Christianity n'ihi na ọtụtụ akụkụ. Ọ bụ okpukpe a na-achịkwa n'etiti Ossetians na Russian, nke bụ òtù karịrị n'ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị bi na obodo. Na Vladikavkaz, ke ofụri akụkọ ihe mere eme nke obodo e nwere mmadụ 13 n'ụlọ nsọ. Ọtụtụ n'ime ha nọ na-emechi, bibie ma ọ bụ bibie n'oge Soviet oge. Ma ugbu a, ụfọdụ weghachiri eweghachi, karịsịa, Aleksandra Nevskogo Church. Ke adianade do, obodo nwere Pokrovsky obibi ndị mọnk, nke Otú ọ dị, e mechiri na 1921. Isi temple-atụle ga-St. George Katidral.

The isi obodo nke North Osisha bụ center nke Alan na Vladikavkaz diocese nke Chọọchị Ọtọdọks nke Russia, nke akara Achịbishọp nke Vladikavkaz.

Oputara ike na obodo nke Armenia bụ ndị parish nke Armenian Apostolic Church. Ha ọbụna nwere ha onwe ha na chọọchị, aha ya bụ mgbe St. Gregory na Illuminator. Ọ e tọrọ ntọala azụ na 1868.

Na Vladikavkaz, e nwekwara mkpụrụ ndụ nke ndị ọzọ Christian nta, dị ka Protestant, ma ọnụ ọgụgụ ndị parish na ha bụ dịtụ obere. The kasị ọtụtụ Seventh-Day Adventist, onye ọbụna nwere ya chọọchị.

The chọọchị Katọlik na obodo a na-anọchi anya ya biakwa obibia.

Ma Muslim obodo Vladikavkaz ọtụtụ ibu Catholic na Protestant, ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ budata ala karịa ndị Ọtọdọks. Islam na-sị na ndị ka n'ọnụ ọgụgụ nke Ingush, Azerbaijanis, Chechens, Kumyk, Kabardians bi na obodo. The kpagburuibe ọtụtụ ná ndị Alakụba na-Sunni akwado. Na Vladikavkaz, e Mukhtarov alakụba, wuru ná mmalite XX narị afọ na Soviet Union ruo ogologo oge bụ a ngosi nka. Naanị n'ime afọ 90 ọ laghachiri Alakụba ịrụ okpukpe n'ememe. Mgbe ahụ, oge rụzigharịrị ụlọ.

Na Vladikavkaz, nwere ndị Juu bi na, nke nwere ụlọ nzukọ nke ya, nakwa dị ka ọtụtụ ndị Juu na ebe ili ozu.

Ke adianade do, na Vladikavkaz ndụ nnọchiteanya nke okpukpe obodo, ma okpukpe Buddha na Hindu. Ikpeazụ ọbụna nwere ya temple nke Brahma.

Na-eso ụzọ ndị ọzọ okpukpe okwukwo Vladikavkaz adade ke ezughi oke ibu na-etolite dị iche iche na obodo. Anyị nwere ike ikwu na ha bụ obere.

The obodo na aku na uba

Description of obodo Vladikavkaz, ndị bi ga-ezu na-enweghị akụ na ụba na gburugburu ebe obibi nke ọ na-adị ndụ.

The obodo mepụtara igwe ụlọ, nkà mmụta banyere ígwè, ìhè na nri ọrụ. Otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị ibu ụlọ ọrụ nke Vladikavkaz kwesịrị igbunye Railcar osisi, ụgbọala na ngwá, ụlọ ọrụ "merie", nke specializes ke imewe nke ike metal alloys.

Ke adianade do, na ókèala ndị mepere emepe na-district abụọ hydropower osisi ndị na-amị ọkụ eletrik.

Vladikavkaz na jikọọ na ndị ọzọ niile nke ndị Russian Federation site n'okporo ụzọ, okporo ígwè na ikuku njikọ. N'ime obodo e nwere ụgbọ ala na tram e. Ruo mgbe 2010 ya nwekwara a Trolley ogige.

General e ji mara

Anyị atụleela ihe ndị bụ isi omume igwe mmadụ ji mara obodo nke Vladikavkaz. Dị ka anyị hụrụ, ezi heterogeneous bi bi na isi obodo nke North Osisha. Vladikavkaz bụ otu n'ime ndị kasị ibu niile nke ndị dị n'ebe ugwu Caucasus. Ebe a na-ebi ndụ na-anọchite anya nke mba dị iche iche, ma-eme ka elu idé nke Ossetians na Russian, na-achị okpukpe bụ Christianity n'etiti ha.

Ọ ga-kwuru na n'oge ikpeazụ afọ iri na ise e nwere kemgbe ihe fọrọ nke nta mgbe nile, na obere wezụga, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị bi na Vladikavkaz. Otú ọ dị, na 2015, o nyere olileanya na n'ọdịnihu omume igwe mmadụ ọnọdụ nwere ike ịgbanwe ka mma.