Blackberry: ozuzu, cultivation. Diseases blackberry

Blackberry bụ a branched Dwarf osisi na ogologo ndinyanade mbịne ma ọ bụ chịm ị ga nke Rosaceae ezinụlọ, na-eto eto gafee Northern Hemisphere. Nke a ọdịbendị na a siri ike mgbọrọgwụ usoro nwere ike banye n'ime nnọọ n'ime ala, n'ihi ya, ọ na-adịghị ifriizi ọbụna oké winters. Ọzọkwa, n'ihi na nke ngụkọta eji ehi ura Central mgbọrọgwụ osisi nwere ike mfe idi nkenke oké ọkọchị. Ma ugbu a ọtụtụ ọ na-akawanye na-akpali - otú na-eto eto blakberị?

elekọta

Culture nnọọ achọ na-elekọta, ebe ọ bụ na-ezighị ezi na-elekọta nke osisi nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị na njọ ọdịdị ya, ma budata dobe zaa. Blackberry na-ewere heat- na ìhè-n'anya omenala. O nwere mmasị ala na-anọpụ iche na weakly acid mmeghachi omume. The n'ala maka aba nke o kwesịrị ịbụ uko, na n'etiti ahịrị kwesịrị tufuo ata. N'oge ọtụtụ okooko, ọ dị mkpa na ala bụ ooh, ma kwesịghị nyere mmiri ka stagnate. The osisi anaghị anabata mmiri na idei mmiri ebe, na-elekọta blakberị bụ ihe ndị ọzọ mgbagwoju anya.

Mgbe mmiri ozuzo ma ọ bụ atọ ala a chọrọ ịkọ ubi ka a omimi nke 8 cm, mgbe na-agbalị ghara imebi obere mgbọrọgwụ. Wara wara mkpa mulch nnukwu organic ogige. Ọ bụrụ na ndị blackberry na-etolite na udu mmiri, agụghị oké drained Ona, mkpuchi na-adịghị atụ aro.

atọ omenala

Ọ na-kweere na osisi bụ oké ọkọchị na-eguzogide, ma ọ prefers mmiri. Na echiche nke ọ dị mkpa izere ihicha si n'ala, akpan akpan ịka nká nke mkpụrụ. Site ruo ogologo oge okochi enwe dọbara n'elu akụkụ nke omenala:-eto eto ahụ na-epulite na-adịghị enwe oge na-abịa n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị, na-amalite na-ada anya ebokwasilari akụrụ, na ẹdude tomato akọrọ na crumble.

Ke adianade a n'ala siri ike mmiri, na-elekọta blakberị-achọ ụfọdụ ikuku na mmiri. Na nke a, n'oge nke ogologo oge okochi, kwesịrị na mgbede ịgba ahụ bushes.

Young bushes n'afọ mbụ mgbe aba of mkpa mgbe nile atọ, na-eme ka ala ooh. Atọ ewe ebe naanị gbachiteere ọkụ ụfọdụ mmiri ntapu usoro. Ná ngwụsị nke oge okpomọkụ mmiri na-ebelata ka a kacha nta, na mbubreyo n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ n'okpuru ọ bụla ohia ga-wụsara 30 lita mmiri ka osisi na-adịghị oyi kpọnwụrụ na oyi.

top-mgbakwasa

Ka ndị niile ọzọ Horticultural ubi, blakberị kwesịrị a kwesịrị isi nri. Enwekwukwa absorption nke nri dara na-arụsi ọrụ ike na ogbo nke guzobere, ibu na okooko. Nke a bụ Olee ihe enyemaka si May ka July, mgbe blooms blackberry. Amụba nwekwara dara mgbe oge a. N'oge a, ndị bushes na-nri ọzọ nri. Ma anyị ekwesịghị sate omenala n'ihi na ọ nwere ike merụsịrị emetụta mkpụrụ ma ọnọdụ nke bushes.

Na nzọụkwụ blooming osisi kwesịrị potassium, na-ya mere a chọrọ ka ịgbakwunye ọ bụla potash fatịlaịza ma ọ bụ wụsa ohia ash ngwakọta (200 grams nke ash kwa 10 lita mmiri). Na oge mkpụrụ ndochi na-rụrụ foliar fatịlaịza mgbagwoju organic ịnweta, ịgba doo na mgbakwunye na nke potassium, nitrogen na phosphorus. Ọ bụla mgbakwasa bụ na e mere n'ala nanị mgbe wetting.

agbakwunye organic

Blakberị, nke ngosi nke anyị nyere, ọ na-etolite n'otu ebe banyere 10-15 afọ, na mgbe aba nke 3-4-nke afọ dị mkpa kwa afọ iji mee ka organic fatịlaịza (peat, compost, rotted nsị), nakwa dị ka na-emepụta a itughari fatịlaịza ọkụkọ nsị anụ n'oge -agbawa okooko.

The organics na-a kwukwara na n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ igwu ala, nke aisles esighi ike na kwajuru jidesie 1 square. m. 5 n'arọ nke nsị, agwakọta ya na 40 g nke potassium sulphate na 30 g nke superphosphate. N'oge opupu ihe ubi, dị ka anya dị ka ndị mbụ nucleate ovaries, ịmụpụta osisi nke ọ bụla nitric mgbakwasa (urea ma ọ bụ ammonium nitrate). Ma mgbe nke okpomọkụ kwesịghị nyere fatịlaịza - na ọ pụrụ iduga ngwa mmepe nke omenala, na ohia bụ adịghị ike n'ụzọ kwesịrị ekwesị kwadebe maka oyi.

kwachaa blakberị

N'oge opupu ihe ubi na osisi ọbụna tupu ọmụmụ nke akụrụ na-ebipụ na agbajikwa apụ mgbe akọrọ oyi Alaka na rapaara site ntu oyi n'ihu mbụ germs nke n'elu ike ovaries. Bushes, mbụ guzobe nke abụọ shortening doro :. Na May welie uto nke n'akụkụ ị ga trimmed elu nke Ome nke 5-7 cm, na July 8-10 cm na-ebipụ n'elu alaka ndị na emewo na a n'ogologo ukwuu karịa 50 cm si ha na-ejigide naanị 6-8 ike Ome, ndị ọzọ na-nanị na-ewepụ.

Olee otú ubi tozuru okè osisi

Na okenye bushes, agbajikwa iche na podmerzshie stalks, spring Ome na-pruned niile rụrụ, na-ahapụ ohia 5-10 ike Ome. The n'akụkụ alaka na-ebipụ dị otú ahụ n'ụzọ na ha 8-12 ovaries. Kwachaa blakberị e mere site na eziokwu na n'oge na-eto eto na-adọ na-ewepụ kpụrụ n'elu okpomọkụ mgbọrọgwụ seedlings, na-eme bụ nanị ndị na pulitere si spring (dị nnọọ ha ga-amị mkpụrụ na-esote afọ).

Spring alaka a ga-shortened na ụbịa na a elu nke 1.8-2 m. Ke adianade do, ọ dị mkpa ka bee ị ga nile ọrịa, ọ dị mkpa ka bee na mkpọrọgwụ nke ihe Filiks nke n'afọ nke abụọ mgbe ha dechara ha fruiting.

Blackberry: amụba

Nwetara Gardeners iji ọtụtụ ụzọ nke osisi ozuzu.

1. Apical ịdọ. Usoro a bụ ezigbo maka ozuzu nke iche na-agbasa. N'etiti July na August nso mbụ bushes eme a track nke 30 cm omimi na gbasaa ruo neodrevesnevshie oge ịse Atụmatụ. Mgbe ahụ, jupụta ha na ala. Tupu oyi pulite ga-agbanye mgbọrọgwụ, ma ọ dịghị abịa. Na mbata nke mmiri Ome nwere ike ná mgbagwoju si nne na omenala na kụrụ ka a na-adịgide adịgide ebe.
2. Root cuttings. Ebe ọ bụ na ọgwụgwụ nke September ka ufọt ufọt October kwesịrị kpamkpam igwu ohia na ewepụ ihe niile alaka, na mgbọrọgwụ bee n'ime cuttings nke blackberry (Ruo 1 cm oké na 7 cm n'ogologo). Egbute akụrụngwa echekwara na ájá, peat na a jụụ ebe. N'oge opupu ihe ubi, dị ka anya dị ka ala tọọ elu, ọ ga-adị mkpa ka a ezumike nke ruo 15 cm ke omimi na idokwa a mgbọrọgwụ akụkụ ọ bụla 20 cm. Mgbe ahụ jupụta akuku ihe onwunwe nke dee mmiri ụwa na-ọma mmiri. N'oge okpomọkụ ya na-ẹkenịmde mgbe nile hoeing, atọ na weeding. Ná mmalite n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ, e kwesịrị ike seedlings. Na a tozuru okè na nne ohia nweta ruo 300 ọhụrụ osisi.
3. Suckers. Ọ bụla blackberry ohia nwere ike mee ka ọ bụla afọ 20 na-eto eto Ome si mgbọrọgwụ. N'etiti May na June, mgbe alaka iru ruo 15 cm n'ogologo, kwesịrị ịhọrọ ike ị ga, jiri nwayọọ na-ekewa ha site na isi ohia na mgbe ahụ, ozugbo ala a na-adịgide adịgide ebe. Ihe omume dị otú nwere ike mere na na n'oge mgbụsị akwụkwọ, ma osisi agaghị ahapụ oyi, na adịghị na-eto eto blakberị.
4. Amụba site nkerisi ohia. Nke a na usoro a na-eji naanị ma ọ bụrụ na omenala agaghị ekwe ka Ome. Shrub gwuru na-ekewa 5-6 akụkụ, ọ bụla nke na-ejigide 2-3 ike-eto eto alaka. Ihe akụrụngwa na-etinye na a mgbe nile na-ebe.
5. Osisi. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị na iche na nkpuru ozuzu bụ ike nwere nne nwa arụmọrụ na kacha. Mkpụrụ na-na-anakọtara na ogbo nke zuru ezu okè maka oyi na-enịm ke a jụụ ebe stratification. Na March, wepụ osisi, tinye ruo ọtụtụ ụbọchị na a ibu stimulator ma gbazee mmiri ma kụrụ containers nke ruo 8 mm ke omimi. Mkpụrụ nọgidere wụsara ma echekwara na okpomọkụ nke 20 degrees. Akụ osisi na-emeghe n'ala dị ka o kwere mee mgbe e guzobere 4 epupụta. Ozuzu umu n'ụzọ blackberry (amụba ọ e kwuru banyere ha n'elu) na-amalite ubi naanị 4th afọ.

ọrịa omenala

Inwe afọ ojuju mgbe nile dị ukwuu fruiting, mkpa inyocha na ịchọpụtakwa ọnọdụ ahụ ike nke nke bushes, izere ọnụnọ nke ata n'etiti ahịrị, ruo ogologo oge ọnọdụ na-achọghị nke mmiri ma ọ bụ ọkọchị. Main ọrịa nke blakberị:

• Anthracnose - egbu tomato, nwere ike na ọgwụgwụ nke spring, na-eme mkpumkpu na ngwa ngwa mmepe nke mkpụrụ.
• Nchara - a ọrịa na-ebibi ndị na-eto eto epupụta na ị ga. Atugharị ya anya ka aja aja tụrụ, ebelata mkpụrụ 60%.