Category mmanya. On ihe mgbakwasị na-ekewa ndị edemede nke wine? Nhazi ọkwa nke mmanya site quality ige

Ka ha we si na Rom oge ochie, Na vino veritas, na ọ gaghị ekwe omume na-na-ekweta. N'ezie, n'agbanyeghị ọganihu na nkà na ụzụ na cultivation nke ọhụrụ iche mkpụrụ vaịn, na manya-vine-anọgide na otu n'ime ihe ndị kasị eme ihe n'eziokwu ọṅụṅụ. Ndị mmadụ pụrụ ịgha maara nke ọma ika, ma adịgboroja uto, isi na agba agaghị ekwe omume. Na ihe dị ka 1000 afọ gara aga, a quality wine bụ ike palitere a asụsụ ọbụna onye nke okwu ole na ole.

Ọtụtụ ga-anya ma na-ekwu, "Wine nwere a wine", ma ọ dị mkpa iji amụ n'ime nke, na ọ na-aghọ doro anya otú iche iche ụwa nke ọṅụṅụ.

3 eziokwu nke mmetụta n'akụkọ ihe mere eme

1. N'ihi na oge mbụ ọnọdụ nke Chineke nyere wine natara na akụkọ ifo ndị Gris, mgbe chi nile nke Olympus ịkọrọ ya Ntụziaka na ndị ọzọ. Nke a na-aṅụ, na ọ ka na-eji ọtụtụ okpukpe na-eme ememe.

2. Ọtụtụ akụkọ ihe mere eme kwetara na mmalite nke French mgbanwe bụ abawanye na tax na wine, mgbe ahụ, mere a ọṅụṅụ unaffordable maka n'etiti òtù.

3. Mgbe na France ụba ụtụ isi n'etiti Britain na Portugal mmekọrịta enyi na enyi. Dị ka na-eme nnyocha, ndị British mmasị uto nke Portuguese port wine.

Na ugbu a, n'ihi isi ajụjụ - na ihe mgbakwasị mmanya na-ekewa n'ime ige.

General nhazi ọkwa

Gwa niile akara ule na otu isiokwu bụ-agaghị ekwe omume, ya mere, ka okwu banyere ndị kasị ochie na-ewu ewu European mba n'ihi na mmepụta nke wine ngwaahịa - France. Na anọ na-larịị nhazi ọkwa nke mmanya nke àgwà na edemede e dere ebe a.

Isiokwu mmanya (VDT ma ọ bụ vin de table). Onunu mmepụta nwere ike dabere na ojiji nke dị iche iche akara ule na grape ubi. Iji nye a 9% mmanya etoju ga-ekwe tinye sugar sirop. Labelụ table mmanya adịghị egosi ebe rụpụta na afọ nke owuwe ihe ubi. N'ihi na enweghị nke expressiveness na iche, ha na-adịghị kwesịrị uche nke ndị na-akatọ na sommeliers, na ezigbo ụlọ oriri na ọṅụṅụ mgbe agụnye ha na menu.

Vin de akwụ (VDP), ma ọ bụ obodo, bụ nke na udi nke elu-larịị mmanya. Production dabeere usoro iche nke tomato, na-aṅụ ga-enwe a na-ike na iru ihe ụfọdụ organoleptic e ji mara. The mkpụrụ vaịn na-eji maka nke a, Atiya, toro a pụrụ iche ebe. Iwu maka onunu ụlọ ọrụ a, Atiya nwere 150 ebe ke France.

Appellation d'Origine Vin Delimite de Qualite Superieure (AOVDQS ma ọ bụ VDQS) - elu-edu Devid agụghị ndị gbara mmanya. Ha mmepụta nwere a siri ike ụkpụrụ na-achịkwa na-rụrụ site pụrụ iche na otu. All ọṅụṅụ na-metụtara udi nke ewere mmanya, izute a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke chọrọ:

- mmepụta nke ihe onunu na-ewe ebe ebe kegide a akpan akpan region;

- Jiri naanị usoro grape;

- kọwaa ụzọ i si eme na kacha zaa kwa hectare;

- ga-esoriri na niile iwu nke vinification, organoleptic chọrọ na guzosie ike a ewusiri ike.

Appellation d'origine controlee (AOC) - kasị elu nhazi ọkwa nke mmanya site na otu, zoro aka na ya si na nwere ọzọ tiri chọrọ karịa AOVDQS. Ebe a gaa na akaụntụ afọ vine-eji, ala dịgasị iche iche na agba nke na n'ihi ihe onunu. Isi ọrụ ke mmepụta nke ejije "appellations", ie aha, ọ bụ na-emesi obi na izi ezi nke ngwaahịa. Cheta niile appellations siri ike, dị ka ha na nọmba mgbe niile na-eto eto (ihe karịrị 400), ma ihe kasị prestigious AOC mmanya na-atụle ga-French, onye ọ bụla n'ime ha nwere akụkụ pụrụ iche.

The ike nke Europe bụ grape obodo na Europe, dabeere na French nhazi ọkwa, anyị kere yiri. A doro anya mmekọrịta na-ẹwụtde ke okpokoro.

France	Italy	Spain
Vin de table	Vino de Mesa	Vino da Tavola
Vin de akwụ	Vinos de las Tierras	Indicazione Geografica Tipica
AOVDQS	MEE (Denominacion de Origen)	Denominazione di Origine Controllata
AOC	Denominacion de Origen Calificada	Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita

Nhazi ọkwa nke sugar ọdịnaya

Red mgbe akọrọ, otú a na-dabeere na-acha ọcha mmanya.

1. Sec - akọrọ (erughị 4 g / L).

2. Demi-sec - semidry (4-12 g / l).

3. Moelleux - semisweet (12-45 g / l).

4. Doux - sweet (karịrị 45 g / l).

N'ihi na-egbukepụ egbukepụ: estra-brut (erughị 4 g / l), brut (ruo 15 g / l), mmezi-sec (12-20 g / l), sec (ọ dịghị ihe karịrị 35 g / l), Demi-sec (32 -55 g / l), doux (karịa 55 g / l).

Ọdịnaya nke ịzụ ₂

Vin effervescent - udi nke na-egbuke na-aba n'anya, ebe nke abụọ ire ere enzymes na-ewe ebe na karama.

Vin mousseux gazeifie - nhazi ọkwa nke-egbukepụ egbukepụ mmanya, nke ịzụ ₂ saturation emee site carbonation.

Vin petillant - sachaa wine, dị iche iche site na ndị ọzọ ala-na-mgbali CO ₂ na karama.

Vin perlant - pearl-enwe a ala ozo nke CO _2.

Vin tranquille - jụụ wine ọṅụṅụ na fọrọ nke nta ezu enweghị CO _2.

nhazi ọkwa Usoro

Ndị kasị sie ike ụdị nkewa nke a na-aṅụ, dị ka ọ bụla mmepụta nwere a subtlety na ihe dị iche. N'agbanyeghị nke a, ndị ọkachamara na-enwe ike mata na-esonụ ige:

- Na-eto eto wine na-adịghị mkpa nke ikpughe.

- Agadi na orù ma ọ bụ karama ruo otu afọ.

- Agadi na ya lees. Ha na-agụnye ụfọdụ iche nke na-acha ọcha mmanya, a technology ọrụ Loire Valley.

- mmanya ogbugbu mmanya emepụta site mutation, na-agbakwunyere na wort nedobrodivshee mmanya ma ọ bụ brandi.

- esie wine, akpan akpan, na-emepụta na French Provence. Production dabeere ruo ogologo oge kpo oku na evaporation nke wort. Sie wine nwere a kpọmkwem uto na e dere elu-etoju nke sugar.

Nhazi ọkwa site na ndò nke wine onunu

Ọ na-adịghị mgbe niile na-akọrọ site agba nke wine, ha na-mgbe ụfọdụ na nkewa dị ka ha chemical mejupụtara. Dị ka ihe atụ, ị maara na e nwere a champeenu emepụta site nwa mkpụrụ vaịn, ma nke nwere a na-acha ọcha na agba?

Na-acha uhie uhie wine nwere tannins (tannins) maka astringency na pigments, na-eme na agba.

Rose mmanya erughị eru ntị nke ndị na-akatọ, ọ bụ ezie na ha nso nke na agba bụ nnọọ iche iche: si na ubé ntụpọ ka saturation.

E nwekwara a green wine emepụta Portugal, nwa (Cahors), na-acha odo odo.

Ma ugbu a tụlere ebe wine MEE ige.

Gịnị ka ọ pụtara DO

Spanish analogue elu-edu Devid agụghị ndị gbara mmanya (AOVDQS). Nri na-emepụta na ngwaahịa a, Atiya natara karịa 164 Spanish wine growers.

The kasị ibu ebe nke ubi vaịn maka mmepụta nke mmanya na Atiya nwere La Mancha - 188.181 hectare. Ha mmepụta nwere a akpọ Original Mix na velvety uto.

A bit nke na-acha ọcha wine

The udi nke na-acha ọcha mmanya na-emekarị subdivided n'ime 6 akara ule:

1. kpọrọ nkụ wine ìhè "ahụ." Dị ka a sommelier kwuru na ọ nwere a "ígwè" isi. Ọ belata ego nke sugar, ma elu ịta nke acid, mmanya pasent adịghị gafere 12% na ubé nke nganu uche esi ísì. Ma ahụmahụ ọkachamara na-ekwu na ụdị mmanya ọcha nwere ike mgbe ụfọdụ na-esi ísì ụtọ na uto - niile na-adabere na grape dịgasị iche iche. Ka ihe atụ, "Sauvignon Blanc" nwere herbal nuances, na "Riesling" - mkpụrụ.

2. The okwu nke ikpughe ọcha wine nkezi "ahu" - a kacha nta nke 3 afọ. Ọ na-emepụta si Chardonnay, Shenen Blan na ọrụ. mmanya larịị nke 10 na 13%, ma uto na okpukpo akpọ Ifuru na fruity ndetu.

3. The zuru ezu "ahụ" na edemede nke wine, dị ka a na-achị, wee na-na orù ọtụtụ afọ. Ha nwere a fruity flavor, ala acidity, na a nnukwu ego nke tannins. Egbu si 12 na 14%.

4. Keisi ọcha wine na-aba n'anya dị iche akpọ osisi na mkpụrụ osisi esi ísì. Ha na-ala acid na mmanya larịị nke 12-14%.

5. ọkara ụtọ mmanya mere si iche Moscatel mkpụrụ vaịn, Tokay-Pinot Gris na Shenen Blan. Mmanya 14% na nri n'ime onunu chilled 10 ⁰ C ụdị.

6. ụtọ na-acha ọcha wine onunu nwere ruo 18% nke na-aba n'anya na-adịkarị nri na eji megharịa ọnụ. Mara ihe nnọchiteanya nke ọka ihuakwụkwọ "Sauternes" na "Barsac" (France).

A okwu ole na ole banyere sachaa ọṅụṅụ

A na-akpọ sachaa wine, bụ nke nwere carbon dioxide, kere a pụrụ iche technology. Ha mmepụta ekewa 4 ụzọ:

1. Carbonation. Mgbe na-amị ala-edu ọṅụṅụ etinyere wuru iwebata CO _2.

2. The usoro nke na njedebe nke isi gbaa ụka, na mmanya adịghị na gbọmgbọm na na karama, na-akpọ ime obodo (methode rurale).

3. Ọ bụrụ na abụọ decomposition nke organic bekee na-ewe ebe akratoforah (pụrụ iche metal containers), kpatara emee na mmepụta usoro nke Sharma.

4. The oge gboo usoro - usoro a ugboro ugboro gbaa ụka pụtara na karama.

Ọ bụkwa uru banyere na e nwere ndị pụrụ iche abụọ edemede nke-egbukepụ egbukepụ mmanya na-egbukepụ egbukepụ pearl. First nwere kacha nta ego nke carbon dioxide, mgbe ikpeazụ nwere a nta mgbali na karama na ala Jide (7%).

Nke efere na-eje ozi wine

Quality wine, ezigbo nri na obi ụtọ ụlọ ọrụ - bụ a nkwa nke na-ekpo ọkụ na-echeta nke abalị. Oke nke ibe - a onwe okwu, na ihe efere jikọtara na wine, nwere ya niile.

Anyị ga na-amalite na mgbochi, ya bụ na nri, nke na-adịghị atụ aro na-emetụta na-aba n'anya, ka ọ ghara belata ya uto. Nnọọ ike emetụta na wine nri na snacks, ahụmahụ na mmanya.

Otu n'ime ihe ndị a machibidoro iwu na-agụnye akụ. Nke bụ eziokwu bụ na site ịmafe ka mkpụrụ uto buds ghara ịdị na-ọzọ Efrata na ihe ọṅụṅụ wine.

Ikpeazụ ukpan emetụta ise siga. Anwụrụ ọkụ siga mmiri iri si okpukpo na uto nke nicotine agaghị ekwe ka n'ụzọ zuru ezu na-enweta wine.

N'agbanyeghị ọtụtụ iche maka nri e nwere a na-achị: na ihe mgbagwoju na flavor na efere, na-adị mfe na-aṅụ mmanya na iko, na Anglịkan.

Red na-abịa na-atọkwa ụtọ meats, mkpụrụ osisi, pasta, Pizza, azu na a dịgasị iche iche nke chiiz.

White uto harmonises n'ụzọ zuru okè na Erimeri, anụ nwa ehi, ọkụkọ na àkwá.

Mmewere pink mmanya na-atụle ga-anụ snacks, Erimeri na desserts.

Ọkara ụtọ na-atọ ụtọ iche eso ice ude, mkpụrụ osisi na chocolate.

Sachaa-aba n'anya, ya bụ champeenu - zuru okè ọṅụṅụ maka oghere gala nri abalị.

ọgwụgwụ

Ọ bụrụ na tupu "Chineke ọṅụṅụ" ị kewara ọcha, red, ala akọrọ na e wusiri ike, mgbe ahụ, ọ na-ele anya na, na-ebu na ozi si isiokwu a, ị mụtara, ihe bụ na edemede nke mmanya, na i nwere ike dị na-agụ site na labelụ aha, ma na-aghọta ihe dị iche iche na usoro nke rụpụta.