French na-ede uri Stéphane Mallarmé: biography, creativity, foto

Stéphane Mallarme - pụtara ìhè na-ede uri na onye dere na mbụ site na France, onye bi na narị afọ nke 19. Ọ bụ ya bụ isi nke symbolist akwụkwọ. Ị ma ihe ọzọ ọ na-mara Stéphane Mallarme? Short biography kwuru n'isiokwu a ga-ekwe ka ị mụtakwuo banyere ya.

The si, oge nke ọmụmụ

N'ọdịnihu na-ede uri a mụọ ya na Paris na March 18, 1842. Nna ya bụ Numa Mallarme, na-arụ ọrụ na Office maka Property Affairs. Mgbe Stivin bụ 5 afọ ya, ọ kwụsịrị nne, na mgbe ọ na-e-ahụ maka agụmakwụkwọ nke ndị mụrụ ya. Stéphane Mallarmé bụ a mwute nwa. Ọ mụrụ mbụ na okpukpe bi n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, emi odude ke Auteuil (na 1853), mgbe ahụ, ebe ọ bụ na 1853, gara ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị Saens. Education na nke ikpeazụ ghọrọ na-egbu mgbu n'ihi na-ede uri. Ọ bịara ọbụna ike n'echiche nke ya owu na-ama mgbe 1857 ọnwụ nke ya 13 afọ nwanne, Maria. Bachelor ogo Mallarme natara na 1860. Ya na Nna ya chọrọ ka o soro otu ọfịsa Stefan, ma Mallarmé hapụrụ ọrụ a. N'agbanyeghị nke ahụ, o chere na ọ ga-abụ a na-ede uri.

Akụkụ abụọ nke ndụ nke Mallarme

N'ihi na ọtụtụ ọnwa na 1862, Stefan bụ na London. N'ebe a, o zuo okè ya English. Alaghachi France na 1863, ọ malitere a nkụzi nke English na Lycée Tournon. Stephen ndụ ebe ọ bụ na oge, dị ka ọ na-kewara abụọ n'akụkụ. Ọ na-amanye na-akụziri n'ihi a obere ego, iji na-enye ndị ezinụlọ - akpa ke Tournon, mgbe ahụ, na Besançon, na Avignon (ruo 1871), Paris (ruo mgbe 1894) (1866-67 gg.). The n'akụkụ nke ọzọ nke ndụ ya bụ abụ uri.

The mbụ ọrụ, maruuru Parnassian akwụkwọ

Maka oge 1862-64 gg. Youth bụ ndị mbụ amaokwu nke na-ede akwụkwọ. Ha pụrụ ịhụ mmetụta nke Edgar Allan Poe na Charles Baudelaire. Na 1864, Stéphane Mallarmé zutere Kautllom Mendes, Frederic Mistral, MV Adan de Lille. Ọ maara na ọ bịara nwee mmasị uri Parnassian akwụkwọ nchoputa Theophile Gautier na malitere ide ọrụ ná mmụọ ya.

N'oge na-adịghị, na 1865, o bipụtara ya uri bụ "n'ehihie nke a Faun." Mallarme ọkọnọ a ọrụ n'obí T. de Banville, onye bụ otu n'ime ndị ndú nke Parnassian akwụkwọ. Uri a bụ a anụ na nụchara anụcha eclogite. Na-ekpere arụsị ọṅụ nke ndụ ụkọ dum ọrụ.

Parnasskii oge nke creativity

May 12, 1866 ẹkenịmde mbụ n'akwụkwọ nke Mallarmé (10 poems bipụtara na "Contemporary Parnassus"). Eziokwu a na-ekwu bụ na Parnassians mata ya. Mgbe ahụ, wee afọ nke na-achọ ọhụrụ n'aka okwu nke ya uri àgwà (1868-73). Mallarme na njedebe nke 1860s, dere, sị a chepụtara echepụta akụkọ, nke ọ kpọrọ "Igitur, ma ọ bụ Elbenona ara". Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ nanị ihe e bipụtara na 1926. Ke adianade do, o setịpụrụ na-arụ ọrụ na "Herodias", a ejije na amaokwu. Nke a na-arụ ọrụ, dị mwute ikwu, a hapụrụ emechaghi. Ibe akwụkwọ e bipụtara na 1871 na nsụgharị nke abụọ nke akwụkwọ "Modern Parnassus."

Mallarmé - rụrụ, ọhụrụ ọrụ

Ná mmalite 1870, Mallarme iche parnassians na sonyeere decadents. Na 1872, o dere "olili ozu tost", raara nye ọnwụ nke T. Gautier. Nke a na-arụ ọrụ akara ntughari ka ọhụrụ poetics nke Stefan. Maruuru Rimbaud ezo 1872 na Manet - by 1873, na Emile Zola - na 1874. Stéphane Mallarmé malitere a mmekota na magazine na-akpọ "Artistic na edemede revival." Ebe a, na 1874, Stephen bipụtara a translation nke uri Poe si "The Raven". Illustrations maka ya mezuru Manet. Mallarme nwekwara rụkọrọ ọrụ na ndị "Magazine nke ụwa ọhụrụ." N'ebe a, o bipụtara a usoro isiokwu na edemede. Nkwusa A. Lemerra na 1874 jụrụ ịnakwere n'akwụkwọ nke a na-arụ ọrụ nke Mallarmé si "n'ehihie nke a Faun." Naanị na 1876 ọ e biri ebi. N'otu afọ, na-ede uri dere a sonnet isiokwu ya bụ "The Ili nke Edgar Allan Poe." Na-esote, 1877, e nwere ụlọ akwụkwọ akwụkwọ ọgụgụ, na-ede akwụkwọ nke - Mallarmé. Ọ na-akpọ "The English okwu". Tutorial on akụkọ ifo e bipụtara na 1880 ( "Ancient Gods"). Ọ bụ ihe na mmegharị nke akwụkwọ Du Cox.

"Edemede Tuesdays" ama

Malarme malitere iji hazie ha "edemede Tuesdays" na 1880. Ha nọ na ya ulo, emi odude ke Roman n'okporo ámá. The "edemede Tuesdays" abuana Saint-Paul Roux, Gyustav Kan, Pol Klodel, Anri De Regnier, Andre Zhid, Pol Valeri na Per Luis. French na-ede uri Stéphane Mallarmé bịara mara na edemede okirikiri. Nke a kpaliri ọtụtụ ndị P. Verlaine, nke họọrọ ya na-akpọ "bụrụ ọnụ na-ede uri" (1884 Verlaine dere edemede akpọ). Ọzọkwa mee ka ewu ewu na nke Mallarme J.-C. Huysmans. Na ya akwụkwọ, na isiokwu ya bụ "Kama nke ahụ", kere 1884, a so dee nwere a zuru ezu analysis nke n'oge poems nke Stefan ọnụ Des Essent, ya protagonist.

Mallarmé - isi nke Symbolists

Site ufọt ufọt 80s nke narị afọ nke 19 Mallarmé e weere na onye ndú n'etiti rụrụ-ede uri, onye na 1886 malitere-akpọ onwe ha "Symbolists". Ya collection bụ "Poems Stefana Mallarme" pụtara na 1887, na-esote - nsụgharị nke poems kere Poe. N'otu oge ahụ, tinyere "ọchịchịrị" symbolist uri, Stéphane eke obere-olu na mfe poems n'oge dị iche iche. Ha na-bipụtara naanị na 1920 ( "na oge nke Poetry").

The ikpeazụ nke ndụ ya

Na 1894, anyị na ndị nwere mmasị na-ede akwụkwọ bipụtara a collection of poems na prose na uri. Mgbe ahụ, ọ hapụrụ ọrụ, ị na-ekpebi na-etinye ndụ ya uri. Mallarme setịpụrụ ike a zuru okè, eluigwe na ala akwụkwọ, na nke a pụrụ iche na mbara nkọwa nke ụwa a ga-a nyere. Mgbe ọnwụ nke Verlaine, nke mere na 1896, Stephen a họpụtara "Onyeisi na-ede uri". The n'akwụkwọ nke ya ibuo poems akpọ "chi mgbe kwusi ikpe" na-ezo aka 1897. The ngwaahịa udi bụ otu ogologo ikpe, ọ dịghị akara edemede. Ọ na-e biri ebi steepụ, na font mee dị iche iche nha. The uri e debere na a na-page agbasa. Mgbe ahụ, na 1897, Mallarme bipụtara a usoro isiokwu ( "Music na Literature", "The nsogbu nke abu" na ndị ọzọ.). Ha nkịtị aha - "ihe efu". Na ndị a, na-ede akwụkwọ ọkọnọ ya echiche na akwụkwọ na-enwe a na-adakpọ na a chọrọ iji weghachi mbụ ya dị nsọ pụtara. Mallarme Stefan, biography na onye na-arụ ọrụ na-anọgide na mkpa, nwụrụ na September 9, 1898 na Paris. Isi akụkụ nke ya odide na mmekorita e bipụtara naanị mgbe ọnwụ ya.

Pụtara ihe e kere eke na atụmatụ Mallarm

Ọ ga-kwuru na-ede uri Stéphane Mallarme, onye photos ị ga-ahụ n'isiokwu a pụtara na French akwụkwọ mgbe ọ bịara doo anya na ọ dị mkpa maka ọhụrụ uri forms na ike ịgwụ ochie. Ọ mere ka okpukpe nke atụ nke ọhụrụ nka echiche ada udi ozizi, nke mere idozigharị asụsụ nke uri na meghere ụzọ maka oge a akwụkwọ France.

Mallarme radically rethought ajụjụ banyere nzube nke uri. O kweere na ọ na-ekwesịghị izi ma ọ bụ na-akọwa. Ọ ga-abụ ihe superreality. Dị ka Mallarmé, uri - bụ nyefe nke zoro ezo pụtara site asụsụ ụmụ mmadụ. Ọ endows ndụ anyị bụ ezigbo ya. The na-ede uri bụ intermediary n'etiti ụmụ mmadụ na ụwa na ihe nzuzo nke mkpọrọ n'eluigwe na ala. Ọ nwere ike na-ebuli ihe nkpuchi nke odịbe transcendental, site n'iji okwu, akara. Ọ bụ n'ihi na ha chepụtara a dị iche iche bụ eziokwu, nke bụ otú chọrọ inye anyị Stéphane Mallarmé. Ya creativity-egosi na ọ ịga nke ọma.