Gịnị bụ ugwu kasị elu n'Africa? Kilimanjaro: nkọwa, foto

Africa - osisi maka ọtụtụ ndị bi nke Yurop Afrika. E nwere mbara ọzara na savannahs na-hụrụ ihe ọhụrụ ụmụ anụmanụ na-eto eto na-eju osisi. Ị maara ihe ndị kasị elu ugwu ke Africa? The aha nke ụfọdụ n'ime ha, anyị ka na-echeta n'ụlọ akwụkwọ, ebe ndị ọzọ kpamkpam na-amaghị ama.

general nkọwa

The isi mma nke Afrika bụ na ugwu ndị dị elu na-adịghị apịaji owuwu. Ka ihe atụ, ugwu kasị elu n'Africa, emi odude ke East African ugwu. N'ebe ugwu ọdịda anyanwụ-na n'ebe ndịda nke Afrika towering ugwu apịaji - Atlas na Cape. Etiopia (Abyssinian) Highlands emi odude ke n'ebe ugwu-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ riiji Aberdarsky - na obi nke ndị na Afrika, na Drakensberg Mountains nọ n'ebe ndịda, na Ahaggar - ugwu-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ. Ke adianade do, Africa bụ ma ama n'ihi na ya nọ n'ọrụ na nwuchapu agbọpụta ọkụ (Kilimanjaro na Cameroon).

The ugwu kasị elu n'Africa - Kilimanjaro

Nke a buru ibu ugwu na-ekewet atọ nwuchapu agbọpụta ọkụ ugbu a - Mawenzi (5129 m), Shira (3962 m), na Kibo (5,895 m). N'ihi ya, dị elu nke ugwu kasị elu n'Africa na-atụle ga 5895 mita. The n'usoro emi odude ke ala dị larịị nke Masai. Ọkà mmụta sayensị na-adịghị akwụkwọ na-egosi na n'oge ochie, e nwere mgbawa ugwu ahụ, na-ekwu okwu banyere ya na a akụkọ. Na Kilimanjaro region taa volcanism echetara naanị oge umu anwuru. Otú ọ dị, n'oge gara aga agbanwerịta ibe na mbuze e dere.

Africa ugwu ndị kasị elu bụ ma ama n'ihi na ya ice okpu ebe ọnụ ọgụgụ kasị elu kpuchie kpụkọrọ ọtụtụ millennia. Taa, ọtụtụ ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị ekwuola na a nnukwu snow okpu nwere ike ifu efu na-abịanụ ọtụtụ iri afọ. Eleghị anya, ha na-atụ egwu na-adịghị-enweghị isi - ke akpatre 100 afọ okpu belatara olu site na ọ fọrọ nke nta 80%. Nke a abụghị n'ihi na ebili n'oge okpomọkụ, ma na-adabere na Mbelata nke ego nke snow na-ada na mpaghara.

The ugwu kasị elu n'Africa e mepere 1848, pastọ nke German Johannes Rebmann. N'ihi na oge mbụ na-agbalị imeri nzuko nke Hungarian agụ SamuelTeleki, ma rubere isi ya naanị na 1889, a German njem Hans Meyer na ibe ya - onyielu nwoke si Austria Ludwig Purtscheller.

Ugwu Kenya

Ọ bụghị ugwu kasị elu n'Africa, Otú ọ dị, ọ esịmde a dị elu nke 5199 mita. Ugwu Kenya - bụ nwuchapu stratovolcano na otu n'ime ndị kasị ewu ewu n'etiti mountaineers ọnụ ọnụ nke Afrika. Ọ na-emi odude ke a National Park Ugwu Kenya, nke e hiwere na 1949 iji chebe gbara ya gburugburu ebe.

Ọtụtụ mgbe ịrị ugwu a mere ka ọ na atọ ọnụ ọnụ - Batiani, Nelionu na Point Lenanu. Site a technical echiche, ndị kasị oké ọnụ na mfe na-Point Lenana na-atụle ga-dị na ndịda-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke massif.

Ọkà mmụta sayensị kweere na nde abụọ afọ gara aga - Ugwu Kenya bụ ifịk ugwu mgbawa. E nwere a version na na ụbọchị ndị ahụ na ọ bụ elu Kilimanjaro.

Na 1849 ọ meghere a German ozi ala ọzọ Johann Krapf, na mgbe 34, enen ya chọpụtara nchoputa George. Thompson, arịdakwuruwo ụkwụ si n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ.

Cameroon

Ugwu a na-atụle ga kasị elu na Central Africa. Ya elu bụ 4070 mita. Ugbu a, ọ ka na-egosi mgbawa ugwu ahụ. The ikpeazụ mgbawa nke Cameroon dere na 2000. N'elu ugwu na-bụghị mgbe niile kpuchie na snow, ma mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ na-egosi okpu. Vulcan nwekwara ndị ọzọ na aha - Phaco na Mongo Ma Ndeme - dị ka a na-akpọ site na mpaghara bi.

Meghere a ugwu mgbawa Portuguese-akwọ ụgbọ mmiri - òtù nke njem, nke na-achọ a gafee Africa na India. O meriri nzuko na 1861, Richard Francis Burton.

Etiopia ugwu

Ọ bụ nsogbu na n'ebe ugwu-n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ nke Afrika, Ethiopia, Eritrea, na emezughị n'ebe ugwu nke Somalia. The kasị elu mgbe ugwu na-atụle ga Ras Dashen. Ya elu bụ 4550 mita. N'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ na n'ebe ndịda ugwu ugwu ledges. Ha arịda miri ndagwurugwu. Western ledges stupenchatoe dị iche iche ụdị, pịrị na miri emi omimi nke Blue Nile. Valley Highlands na-ekewa ke free-guzo arrays (Amba). Ide ugwu nke Ethiopia gneiss, schists, mgbawa ugwu na oké nkume dị n'elu.

The Plateau akara mmiri udu idụhe, nke na-enye ohere ebe a na-eto eto a na kọfị osisi, rye na wheat. Ke adianade do, e nwere ọtụtụ minerals - gold, platinum, sọlfọ, ọla kọpa na ígwè ore. Gbazere ebe a lignite, na nkume nzu na gypsum.

Atlas ugwu

Nke a ugwu na-emi odude ke edem edere-n'ebe ọdịda anyanwụ nke Afrika. N'ihi na a ogologo oge e chere na ọ gbatịrị si Atlantic n'ụsọ oké osimiri na Morocco ruo n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Tunisia. Taa, ọ na-ike na ọ na-esetị maka 2,300 kilomita site Cape Sirte ka Kotey.

Atlas Mountains iche na Mediterranean na Atlantic n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke Sahara desert. Ha na-eme ọtụtụ ridges. The kasị elu mgbe ndị n'usoro - Mount Toubkal (4167 m).