Gịnị dị mkpa iji mkwado warara ntọala n'ụlọ?

Simple kwesịrị ekwesị imewe na-arụ a dị ịrịba ama ọrụ na-ejuputa warara ntọala maka ụlọ. Site qualitative e ji mara nke nwee ume Ogwe-adabere n'ike nke ntọala, ya mere anwụ ngwa ngwa nke dum Ọdịdị. Gịnị dị mkpa iji mkwado warara na ntọala?

atụmatụ ntọala

Na-ewu nke ala-na-na ịrị elu ụlọ presupposes ịdị adị nke a teepu isi. Ndị dị otú ahụ a isi dị mfe na-ewu, e wezụga ọ bụ ihe kasị echekwa nhọrọ. Uru nke teepu isi bụ na ya nwere ike jupụtara enweghị pụrụ iche na-ewu akụrụngwa. Ọzọkwa, ụdị ntọala bụ ike idi bukwanu ibu, na-enye ohere na-ewu ọtụtụ storeys.

nwere ike kere n'ime warara ntọala on:

• monolithic;
• prefabricated;
• melkozaglublennye adabara maka owuwu nke ụlọ ndị ahụ mere nke osisi na nke ndị ọzọ fechaa ihe;
• miri recessed, nke na-eji na-ewu brick ụlọ abụọ ma ọ bụ atọ ala.

Dabere chọrọ N'ihi mkpa ka ị n'ụzọ ziri ezi gbakọọ ego nke ihe dị mkpa dị ka isi mgbatị, nakwa dị ka iji chọpụta nke valves mkpa iyipu ntọ-ala ulo.

The oke nke ụdị mkwado

Gịnị valves na-eji warara na ntọala? Taa, ndị kasị ewu ewu ụdị nke mkpara bụ:

1. Steel na a dayameta nke dịkarịa ala 5 mm maka transverse osisi rụzie 10 na longitudinal. N'agbanyeghị ihe ika mkpa mkwado maka warara ntọala, ga-adabere na ike nke dum belt Ọdịdị. Applied ígwè mkpara Class A na a mkpụrụ ebe nwere ike kpebisie anya 400. na-esonụ iche akara ule - A 240 nwere a ezigbo elu, 300 A - ihe annular ịbịaru, A 400 - herringbone ụkpụrụ. Iji nkpa-n'aka nke ala quality impractical.
2. Faiba glaasi mkpara na-eguzogide ọgwụ corrosion, enweghị eletriki conductivity. Ọtụtụ mgbe ndị dị otú ahụ ihe onwunwe na-eji maka ụlọ, ebe ọ dị mkpa izere nnyonye anya. Anwụ ngwa ngwa bụghị usụhọde mma metal mkpara.

N'ihi ebikwasị isi longitudinal mkwado ọcha eji nanị Ogwe na a ribbed elu, dị ka a na-ana achi achi mma adhesion ka ihe. Ezigbo mkpara na-eji mgbe na-eke a mpụta i papuas.

Ọ na-machibidoro iji ndị a ihe dị ka mkwado:

• metal tube;
• ntupu-netting;
• metal profaịlụ;
• ígwè ụdọ.

Non-nnabata na eletrik maka warara ntọala nwere ike ime ka subsidence nke isi na n'ihu mbibi nke dum Ọdịdị.

Na dayameta nke rebar maka ntọala

Na dayameta nke mkwado warara ntọala maka ụdi ekpebi ike nke dum Ọdịdị. Iji kwesịrị ekwesị na-ahọrọ nri size ekwesị na kwa nke ga-eme n'ọdịnihu Ọdịdị ga-atụle. Ka ihe atụ, karịa n'obosara ke ukot na melkozaglublennom ìhè na-ewu ga naanị n'ụlọ a n'efu nke ego. valves na-eji maka warara ntọala ụlọ 8-12 mm n'obosara, a na-ewere ezigbo maka usoro ibu.

Gịnị na-na-afọ nke mkwado ga-atụle:

• cross-sectional size nke ígwè mkpanaka ga-0,1% nke sectional ebe ntọala;
• Ọ na-sonye na akaụntụ mgbe ịgbakọ dayameta nke ntọala teepu ogologo ya ma obosara;
• na a n'ogologo ukwuu karịa 3 m ntọala longitudinally ewekarị ígwè Ogwe nke dayameta 10-12 mm, ebe dị ka a ike cross ezuru 5-6 mm.

The n'obosara na-kpebisiri ike n'otu n'otu-ewere n'ime akaụntụ atụmatụ nke ụlọ - a ewu ihe owuwu, size, ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ala.

Standard mkwado ndokwa

Ozugbo kpebiri na isiokwu, nke dị mkpa oyiyi akwa maka warara ntọala n'ụlọ, ị kwesịrị ị na-emeso ya nwụnye. Iji mee nke a, e nwere a eluigwe na ala mkwado circuit na adabara ihe fọrọ nke nta ọ bụla ụlọ warara ntọala.

1. Na na ala nke ékpè gwuru tupu tọrọ brik 5 cm.
2. On brik longitudinally stacked ígwè nkpa-n'aka nke nnukwu n'obosara.
3. Na a pitch nke banyere 50 cm na stacked nta dayameta mkpara na-ekekọtara kwụ àkwà mmiri.
4. Iji nkuku nke dapụtara mkpụrụ ndụ na-mmasị vetikal mkpara.
5. Iji ike na-akwụ ọtọ ogologo Ogwe mmasị.

Iji nweta ọtụtụ inogide na-ewu, ọ dị mkpa ime na technology kpọmkwem ke SNiP 52-01-2003.

Onyinye mkpara ọnụ nwere ike rụrụ site ịgbado ọkụ ma ọ bụ ekekọta waya. Nke abụọ usoro bụ ihe ndị ọzọ echekwa, ọ bụ ezie na àgwà bụghị usụhọde ka oge gboo ịgbado ọkụ. Mejuputa ya, isọ-nsọ waya na-eji, site na nke loops na-guzobere. Ha na-threaded mkpara, mgbe nke ahụ free ihu waya gbagọrọ ọtụtụ ugboro. Ukwuu simplifies ọrụ nke iji a pụrụ iche nko.

ike akụkụ

Na-ewu nke nwee ume Ọdịdị, n'ihi echiche e kwesịrị ike nkuku, nke ajụjụ maka a ukwuu ego nke ibu owuwu. Nwee ume nkuku nwekwara emepụta iji gbochie achọghị ndinyanade mbịne ma ọ bụ mgbaji ọkpụkpụ imewe.

Nkuku Ogwe ghara enịm perpendicular ka ọ bụla ọzọ, ha mkpa ha na-ehulata na nkuku. Ọ dị mkpa iji hụ na yitewere na jikọọ na radiused ọcha nke niile Ogwe. The ego nke yitewere mkpara nke na-eji na akuku mpaghara ekwesịghị gafere 25 cm. Bụrụ na nke a ziri ezi mkwado akụkụ n'oge ejuputa na miri dọrọ na ihe adịghị ime mbibi nke amplification circuit.

Iwusi dị iche iche zones nke teepu isi na-achọ ezi ngụkọta oge nke ego nke ígwè mkpara. Ya ụkọ pụrụ iduga mkpa ịzụta nri ego nke ihe onwunwe na yiri ka oge na-egbu oge na-ewu.

Ịgbakọ ọnụ ọgụgụ nke valves

Collection of ozu mkwado na teepu isi na-achọ ịkpachara anya na-agụta ọnụ ọgụgụ nke chọrọ ihe. Iji mfe na ọrụ ma na-adịghị eji mgbagwoju formulas maka ịgbakọ, ị pụrụ nanị tupu-ekpebi ga-eme n'ọdịnihu imewe nke perimeta. Mgbe ahụ, na-atụle na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke e nyere ahịrị kpebisiri ike site ígwè mkpara nọmba nke longitudinal mkpara.

The ego nke shiee mkwado na gbakọọ site tụnyere teepu elu na pitch n'etiti ígwè mkpara. Na ịgbakọ ego nke nwee ume na ihe onwunwe chọrọ iji ike kwukwara na ngụkọta ọkọnọ nke ihe onwunwe na-etolite nkwonkwo n'etiti nkpa-n'aka ahu.

Ịwụnye ntọala

Mgbe na-ekpebi a dayameta nke mkwado mkpa maka warara ntọala na ya akwara nwere ike malite agbapụtara ntọala onwe ya. Ihe ngwọta bụ mkpa na nwuo nke ọma ruo mgbe ire ụtọ. Ọ bụrụ na i nwere ike ime ya onwe gị, ị nwere ike ịtụ a njikere mere.

Wet ga-mere na oge, oge shtykuya ngwọta nke a metal mmanya iji zere voids nke budata degrade àgwà nke isi.

Ihicha nke ihe ngwọta ga-rụrụ ndammana n'elu a izu ole na ole na intermittent wetting n'elu iji gbochie cracking nke ihe. Nọgide na-na-ewu na a izu ole na ole mgbe potting.

nwee ume mkpa

Ụfọdụ na-ewu ụlọ nwere ajụjụ mkpa mkwado nke belt isi, na-akpali eziokwu na àgwà nke ihe na ọ dịghị ihe zuru ezu ike. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụghị. Base enweghị ọzọ ike bụ ejighị n'aka na mmegharị nke ala.

Iwusi kpuchie na-eji na-ekesa ibu na isi, dị ka dị iche iche nke ụlọ nwere ike dị iche iche dị arọ. Karịsịa dị otú ahụ a Ọdịdị dị mkpa n'ihi na warara ntọala, nke ga-akwado maka arọ brick ụlọ nke ọtụtụ ala.

Zuo nke ihe onwunwe

Site ịzụ a ewu ihe owuwu nwere ike amalite. ma ọ bụrụ na akpatre kpebiri nke valves mkpa iyipu ntọala. Adịkarịghị ígwè mkpara na-tụrụ na linear mita, ma mgbe ịgbakọ nri ego maka owuwu. Na-ere ákwà na-atụ anya na ego na kilogram.

Iji ọma gbakọọ chọrọ arọ nke ewu ihe owuwu, ndị ọkachamara nwere ike ikwu na ojiji nke tebụl na GOST 5781-82 ma ọ bụ GOST 2590-88, nke ahụ kwuru kpọmkwem ibu unit nke ígwè mkpara. The ọnụ ọgụgụ ma akwụkwọ ndị yiri, ya mere, na ojiji nke a GOST adabere naanị na onye mma.

Ihe dị oké mkpa na ngwá ọrụ

Na onwe onye na-ewu nke isi teepu nwere ike ịchọ na-esonụ ngwaọrụ:

• a mmiri larịị nke na-eji ngwaọrụ trenches, ọ ga-enyere mmezi mgbidi ziri ezi ọnọdụ;
• eke agbụ ígwè mkpara nwere ike mkpa ngwa mkpaji na waya egbutusị ma ọ bụ a pụrụ iche akpa ngwá ọrụ, nke ga-eme na-arụ ọrụ ngwa ngwa;
• bolgarka ma ọ bụ grinder onwem na okirikiri n'ihi metal ọnwụ na a diamond ntekwasa ịcha ígwè mkpara;
• maka osisi formwork nzukọ ahụ ga-mkpa a hama, a sikruuokwomoto, na ogologo mbọ ma ọ bụ kposara;
• Self-agwakọta ihe ngwa agha nwere ike mkpa a ihe igwekota, nke ga-ekwe iji nweta a edo anọgidesi, nakwa dị ka budata azọpụta oge na mgbalị, ma ọ bụrụ na ọ bụghị, i nwere ike ịtụ a njikere ngwọta na nnyefe ma ọ bụ agwọ site n'aka eji a nnukwu trough na spade.

Tụkwasị na nke a ngwá ọrụ, ị nwere ike mkpa nkwado - bọket, trowels, shọvel, wiilbaro ewu. Ọtụtụ mgbe ha na-zụrụ dị ka mkpa.

Proper etiti ngwaọrụ maka belt isi ike budata dịkwuo ọrụ ndụ nke ụlọ. Ọzọkwa eliminates mkpa Ugboro Ndozi na nwere ike a chọrọ na njikọ na mbibi na-ekwesịghị ekwesị wuru ewu.