Katidral nke St. Stanislaus na St. Vladislav, Vilnius, Lithuania

Katidral nke St. Stanislaus na St. Vladislav (Vilnius, Lithuania) - bụghị naanị a isi njegharị mma nke obodo, ma na-na isi Roman Catholic Church na mba ahụ. Ọ na-emi odude na ụkwụ nke Castle Hill, on top of nke na-anọchi na Tower nke Gediminas. Gaa na isi obodo nke Lithuania, na-adịghị ahụ na Katidral bụ nanị agaghị ekwe omume, ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na ya gara na-adịghị gụnyere atụmatụ gị. Site na katidral square na-niile okporo ụzọ nke ochie akụkụ nke obodo. Gịnị bụ mere ama Katidral, onye na-arara ya? Gịnị ga-ahụ site na-egbu osisi n'okpuru ebube arches? Nke a ga-atụle isiokwu anyị.

Nnukwu ụlọ ụka Senti ọnọdụ: gịnị ka ọ pụtara?

First dokwuo anya ajụjụ nke mere na Katidral nke St. Stanislaus na St. Vladislav bụ nke ndị dị otú ahụ dị mkpa maka dum nke Vilnius na Lithuania na ndị kwere ekwe. Ebe ọ bụ na 1922, ụlọ nsọ e nyere nnukwu ụlọ ụka Senti ọnọdụ. The okwu na-ewepụtara Greek "basileus" -imperator eze. Aha nke nnukwu ụlọ ụka Senti ụlọ arụsị enọ na Pope mesie feature nke chọọchị. Na okwu "Katidral" pụtara na chọọchị - isi obodo.

Gịnị bụ otú pụrụ iche na Katidral nke St. Stanislav na Vladislav na e kenyere ya dị otú ahụ a elu n'usoro? Firstly, ọ bụ ndị kasị ochie na mba. Nke abụọ, e nwere ndị na echichi nke eze nke Great Lithuania. Nke atọ, na crypt nke ụka na-eli ndị a ma ama isi, bishọp na ndị a ma ama. Na fourthly, e ka na-agba mbọ niile ndị kasị mkpa ụka ọrụ na ọha ememe. Ya mere adịghị aga ke Katidral nke Vilnius ga-ikenenke ya.

History nke ụlọ

Otu mgbe ebe a e odude a na-ekpere arụsị temple. Na nsọpụrụ nke chi nke Égbè Eluigwe Lightning ehihie na abalị bụ a ọkụ n'elu ebe ịchụàjà. Nkume a chọtara ọkà mmụta ihe ochie dịtụ na-adịbeghị anya na dungeons nke ụlọ nsọ ahụ, na nke oge a na-n'anwụ. Ná mmalite nke iri na atọ na narị afọ, ndị Lithuanian King Mindaugas (buru eze si 1223) chọrọ Nweta agha support Livonians nke kasị ike n'oge ahụ na Europe na Knights, o wee ghọọ a Christian. Na saịtị nke a na-ekpere arụsị temple nke Perun o wuru chọọchị (presumably na 50s nke narị afọ nke 13). Ma mgbe e mesịrị-isi laghachi n'okpukpe mbụ ya. The ụka na e bibiri, na n'ọnọdu-ya wuru a temple Perkunas na Thunderer.

N'ikpeazụ, na 1387 ọ e mesịrị tinyere Christianity na mba. Site mgbe ahụ isi obodo nke Poland na Kraków wee Vilnius Korol Yagaylo, onye bụ n'oge ahụ, na Grand Duke nke Lithuania, enye ke idemesie ama ugbu a na mbibi nke a na-ekpere arụsị temple. Na ya ebe Eze onwe ya tọrọ mbụ nkume nke Catholic Church. Ya mere Cathedral of St. Stanislaus e wuru. Ọ na-e wuru na Gothic ịke na oké mgbidi na buttresses. Nke a katidral guzo ruo mgbe 1419.

temple nke metamorphosis

Site Gothic oge a temple nọgidere na iberibe naanị. Cathedral ọkụ ugboro ugboro (na 1399 na 1419 karị, dị ka nke ọma dị ka ọtụtụ ugboro n'oge nke iri na isii na narị afọ). Ebe ọ bụ na ụlọ nsọ na-emi odude a dịịrị banye na mmiri jutting n'ime osimiri Neris (Vilija abụọ aha), ọ bụ mgbe na aja idei mmiri. Ma Cathedral of St. Stanislaus mgbe niile wughachiri na ụmụ amaala na-karia ma mara mma. Karịsịa a otutu ego maka resettlement nke ụka nyere Lithuanian Grand Duke Vytautas na nwunye ya Anna Svyatoslavovna.

Katidral e wughachiri na Renaissance style. Iji mee nke a, site na Italy Korol Sigizmund Augustus dere a-nwe architects - Bernardo Zanobbi ee Gianotti, na mgbe e mesịrị Dzhovanni n'okpuru nke Siena. Ma ha n'ịrụzu oké nkume bụghị ruru oge anyị. A ọkụ 1610 ebibi ihe e kere eke nke Renaissance nwe. The mweghachi nke katidral bụ kwere nkwa ọlụlụ-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ Vilgelm Pol. Ya rụzuru ebibi ndị agha Russia, nke na 1655 ewegharawo obodo na isi nke Baroque temple n'agha. Ọ dechara mbibi nke Swedish agha.

Dị ka ụlọ ka enwetara a oge a anya

Na 1769, Vilnius kpochapụ n'elu-enwetụbeghị ụdị oké ifufe. Site monstrous ifufe osụhọ elu nke ebe ndịda nke temple, lie n'okpuru rubble isii ụkọchukwu. Nke a ọdachi kpaliri ụmụ amaala ikwere na ọ dị mkpa ka n'ụzọ dị ịrịba ama wughachi Cathedral of St. Stanislaus.

Construction nke a ọhụrụ ụlọ na mkpọmkpọ ebe nke ochie gwara site ama Lithuanian-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ Lourinas Gucevičius. Ọ turu ime ihe oké ọchịchọ oru ngo - ikpokọta n'ime otu ụkpụrụ ụlọ ensemble nke dị iche iche style ụlọ: isi nave (Gothic), uka nke St. Casimir (Baroque), ndị ọzọ ụlọ ekpere (Renaissance). N'otu oge ahụ, na-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ chọrọ temple izute spirit nke dịkọrọ ndụ oge. N'oge ahụ, e adịkwaghị classicism. Ka turu ime site-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ, na katidral e kwesịrị yiri Gris oge ochie temple. Lee ha na ụmụ ha Gucevičius adịghị mkpa. Ma mgbe ya na ọnwụ na-arụ ọrụ ahụ gaa n'ihu site ọzọ architects, dị ka ya plan.

ndị Soviet oge

Na 1922, Pope Benedict onyere Second Vilnius Cathedral nnukwu ụlọ ụka Senti ọnọdụ. Ọbụna n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ na-ẹkenịmde ke temple ofufe. Ma Soviet ọchịchị mgbe annexation nke Lithuania weere Cathedral of St. Stanislaus mgbochi Soviet. Chọọchị ahụ mechiri emechi na ghọọ a nkwakọba. Na 1950, e wepụrụ si n'elu ụlọ nke katidral ma bibie ihe oyiyi nke ndị nsọ. Isi bịara na a deplorable ala. Na-arịọ nke ụmụ amaala ke 1956, Vilnius Foto dị na osisi e guzobere na a mbụ katidral. The ngwa e weghachiri ya, ebe ọ bụ na 1963 na Sunday na temple malitere nọrọ n'ụlọ concerts.

Kemgbe 1980, anyị malitere nnukwu-ọnụ ọgụgụ na ime iji napụta ihe pụrụ iche frescoes. Ha were afọ iri. Na 1989, chọọchị enyefe ndị Roman Catholic Church. Ha e biri onwunwe mbipụta na ya. Ya mere ihe ngosi nka n'ime mgbidi ụlọ nsọ nọgidere. Ugbu a, ọ na-emi odude ke crypt (n'okpuru ala) nke katidral.

Mputa na ime

The facade nke ụlọ bụ ihe atu nke ndị oge gboo style. Ọ na-mma na ogidi na ihe oyiyi na n'elu ụlọ ịmepụtagharịa si foto nke St. Stanislaus, Kazimir na Elena. Na niches ị pụrụ ịhụ ihe ọkpụkpụ nke anọ ozioma.

Katidral nke St. Stanislaus (Vilnius) dị ka mara mma n'ime ka n'èzí. Ụfọdụ na iri ise frescos na ihe osise 16-19 ọtụtụ narị afọ na-achọ mgbidi. Gịnị ka ị ga-etinye uche pụrụ iche, n'ihi na ọ bụ uka nke St. Casimir. Ọ e wuru na n'oge iri na asaa na narị afọ site n'iwu nke Eze Sigismund III Vasa.

The ewu e me Italian-atụpụta ụkpụrụ ụlọ K. Tensallo nakwa dị ka a ewu ihe owuwu mee Swedish sandstone na multicolored marble si Apennines na Carpathians. Na crypt nke katidral dị n'ili nke na-edina ọtụtụ eze, gụnyere abụọ Queens, bụbu nwunye Sigismund Augustus. Nke a Elizabeth Habsburg na ndị inyom mara mma nke oge ya Barbora Radziwill. Ọzọkwa na mgbidi ụlọ nsọ na-obi nke King Vasa.

Katidral nke St. Stanislaus (Vilnius) adreesị na ndị ọzọ na ihe ọmụma bara uru

Chọta a temple dị mfe. Ọ na-emi odude ke esịt nke obodo, na Katidral Square, 1. Mụta ka mfe site na-ebili nso agadi mgbịrịgba elu. The ụka bụ na-emeghe ụbọchị ọ bụla, si asaa nke ụtụtụ ruo mgbe 19 awa. Ele ya interiors nwere ike ịbụ na n'otu oge ahụ, ọ bụrụ na-adịghị rụrụ uka. Awa nke ofufe na-adabere izu ụbọchị na ememe okpukpe.

Katidral nke St. Stanislaus (Lithuania) ùgwù dị iche iche okporo osisi ndị na-abịa ebe a na-efe ntụ nke eze ukwu. The crypt n'ọnụ ụzọ ego (ihe 4 euro). Na mgbakwunye na n'ili ke abaitiat temple bụ a ngosi nka nke akụkọ ihe mere eme. E ị pụrụ ịhụ n'iberibe nke clutches nke n'oge Cathedrals na-ekpere arụsị ebe ịchụàjà.