Malvinas: ihe mere eme. The esemokwu na Malvinas Islands

Malvinas - bụ a obere akipelago emi odude ke South Atlantic Ocean. Ọ mejupụtara 2 nnukwu na ọtụtụ obere iberibe ala ahu, nke igu dị 776. The ebe niile ọnụ ebe bụ 12 puku. ^Km2. Falklands - nke abụọ, na ndị ọzọ nkịtị aha, nke a na-akpọ Malvinas Islands. The na-achịkọta ndị na ọnọdụ nke akipelago - 51,75 Celsius S. w. Of 59 °. d. The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke a obere akụkụ nke paradise emetụta. na-alụ n'etiti abụọ na-ekwu na na-agbalị isana ebe n'azụ ya.

History of mbido nke esemokwu

XVI na narị afọ ndị ji oghere nke a plurality nke mbụ unexplored ebe. Malvinas Islands bụ sokwa. The ụka ha chọpụtara na-ekwupụtakwa ruo ugbu a. Argentina ekwusi na eziokwu na nke mbụ European ka ụkwụ na ụkwụ nke ala ebe, ghọrọ Spanish-akwọ ụgbọ mmiri Esteban Gomez, ma ọ mere na 1520. Ma Britain na-ekwu na a chọpụtara na na 1592 site Briton John Dejvice. History na-agwa anyị na ihe karịrị 200 afọ na Spanish agha e odude ke n'ókèala akipelago. Ntụgharị Malvinas Islands bụ akụkụ nke Spain. Ma na 1810 Argentina a na-akpọsa nnwere onwe, na agha ụgbọ mmiri si n'ala ndị a n'ụlọ. Ndị dị otú ahụ n'ọrụ ihe ndị dị na Argentina nwere mere ka eziokwu ahụ bụ na ihe Falkland akipelago nanị echefu. Naanị afọ iri gachara onyeisi Dzhyuetom na a detachment nke Marines rutere ma mara ọkwa ikike nke ha ala na n'ókèala a.

Ndị dị otú ahụ a na-ekesa nke ike kere 12 afọ. Ma British naval njem rutere n'àgwàetiti ahụ na-emepụta a mgbanwe, subordinating Malvinas n'àgwàetiti Great Britain. Argentina n'oge ahụ ka a na-eto eto mba na-etinye na ichughachiazu ndị mwakpo na-emezughị. Ma nyefee akụkụ nke ala-ha dutifully mba ọzọ, ọ na-agaghị na-. N'ihi ya, esemokwu na Malvinas Islands bilitere n'ihi ọdịdọ nke mba ọzọ n'ókèala site England.

Chọọ a oge nke udo ngwọta

Dị ka ị maara, ndị UK nwere otu nke kasị ukwuu colonial mba n'ime uwa. Ma na afọ 60 nke iri abụọ na narị afọ, usoro jiri. Argentina, na-ewere uru ọnọdụ na-agbalị-enwetaghachi ike n'elu Falklands site diplomacy. Ya mere, n'àgwàetiti e nwere airfield na ekwentị mgbe oge a. Kasị UN so n'òtù na-akwado a ụzọ. Ma England achọghị inye ókèala ọ bụla okwu. Mgbe niile, ọ bụghị naanị banyere otu ibé ala, bụ nke dị nnọọ n'ebe dị anya site na isi nke steeti. The British nwere mmasị ego nke eke ego dị ka mmanụ na gas. Ihe ọzọ bụ na Britain ọ fọrọ nke nta a ihe egwuregwu na akụta mmiri crustacean - krill na-eso onye ọ bụ.

Mgbe ahụ na ike na UK na-niile mara na Iron Lady Margaret Thatcher. Inwe malitere agha ihe megide Argentina, ọ ike ya ọnọdụ n'ike. Malvinas (Falkland) Islands e nyere a ebe pụrụ iche ya iwu ka ọ laghachi England oké ala ọnọdụ.

Argentine agha uru

England esemokwu Argentina n'elu Falkland Islands (Malvinas) bara uru ọ bụghị nanị na nke mbụ nke ha. Na 1981, Argentina nwere a agha kuu na jide ike akaike Leopoldo Galtieri. Ọ dị nnọọ nwere iji nweta nkwado nke nkịtị, na mmeri na ngwa ngwa obere agha ahụ iji mezuo ya a kara aka. Mgbe niile, ma ọ bụrụ na laghachiri Malvinas, Argentina ga-egosi ụwa na ọ bụ a siri ike na onwe ha ala.

Akasiaha agha

General Leopoldo Galtieri wee juputara kwadebere ọrụ maka nloghachi akipelago. Ọ na-e kpebiri ịkpọ na nsọpụrụ nke ụgbọ mmiri ahụ Dzhyueta - "Rosario." Mbu na 25 May 1982. Nke a ụbọchị a họọrọ bụghị site na oge, ebe ọ bụ na ụbọchị, Argentina na-eme ememe ya mba ezumike, nke mesịrị na-ekwusa dị ka Day nke Malvinas Islands. Ma n'ohu Argentinians ejirila nwayọọ nwayọọ malite sabo ma British ọgụgụ isi natara niile data na atụmatụ a. The omume ndị dị otú ahụ na-eme na akụkụ nke England, bụ a ụgbọ okpuru mmiri "Spartan", nke e zigara-agagharị na mmiri nke South Atlantic. Mgbe m nụrụ banyere ihe a, Leopoldo Galtieri kpaliri malite na April 2, 1982 na na na ụbọchị ahụ Argentine agha rutere na Malvinas na-adị mfe nagide a obere ìgwè nke British.

England were a siri ike stance, dị ka ọ na-kweere na a na-afụ ụfụ ya mba ọdịmma. Na ọ na-echere maka nkwado si mba niile nke European Afrika. Latin America, na aka nke ọzọ, bụ na Argentine n'akụkụ, n'ihi na Malvinas (Falkland) Islands, na ha chere, ọ dịwo anya oge na-aghọta ike nke ha ugbu n'ala nna. Ma France ejighị a doo anya na ọnọdụ na a ogu, n'ihi na ọ bụghị uru chigharia Argentina. Nke a na obodo aka ekedep si France warplanes. Ke adianade do, Republic of Peru na-arụrụ Argentina zụtara si French mgbochi ship agba.

A lee anya na US na USSR agha

Na nke a agha, ndị Soviet Union dị njikere akwado Argentina ya na ngwá agha n'ihi na Mbelata na nri na ngwaahịa ahịa. Ma n'oge ahụ, ndị Soviet Union na ọ nọ na a ala nke ha na-edozilighị agha (agha Afghanistan). Ya mere, nkwado nile nke nwere Argentina, kwupụtara na ogologo okwu na UN nzukọ. Banyere ọrụ anyị na-adịghị ọbụna banye. Ọbụna agbara merenụ: na Soviet Union dị nnọọ saa gị aka kpam hapụ Anglo-Argentine esemokwu.

The United States, na Kama nke ahụ, na strontium na-adịghị pụọ. Ezie na US president bụ Ronald Reagan, onye, mgbe na-eru n'obi Defense Minister K. Weinberg n'ụzọ zuru ezu na-akwado na UK. US ozugbo amanye n'obodo megide Argentina. Na na UN Security Council nke United States, na Britain vetoed a mkpebi na Falklands esemokwu. Abụọ ndị a na-ekwu nwere kwetara ọbụna na-ekwe omume nke etinye mgbali na Soviet Union, ma ọ bụrụ na ya kpebie ihe.

Active agha arụmọrụ

Mgbe na-ewere akara nke akipelago Britain ozugbo zitere a nnukwu naval njikọ ahụ n'ókèala e n'okpuru ikike nke British Crown. On 12 April 1982 British Government were anọchibido Malvinas Islands. The agha zuru siwing. British Defense Secretary kwuru na ọ bụrụ na Argentine mmiri ga-hụrụ na a dịpụrụ adịpụ ruo nke 200 kilomita site na mpaghara ebe a, ha ga-ozugbo mmiri riri. Response Action Argentina bụ ban na ojiji nke English ichekwa ego na bank ọrụ ụmụ amaala ya.

Argentina Aviation nwekwara ike iri iji ifịk ifịk isonye na agha arụmọrụ, karịsịa na mmezi nke agha na-enye ya ihe niile dị mkpa. Nke a mere n'ihi na eziokwu na ugboelu ọgụ ugbo elu ike adaa na runway na adị n'àgwàetiti ahụ, dị ka ọ bụ dị mkpụmkpụ.

Na nkwado nke United States, Britain nwere ohere iji ha agha isi na Ascension Island. Ọ mmemmem ohere ka ndị dịpụrụ adịpụ. April 25 British weghaara n'àgwàetiti South Georgia, nke gara aga bu n'okpuru ikike nke Argentina. Military nyefere ma nye ya post enweghị a ọgụ. Mgbe nke malitere a ọhụrụ na-adọ nke agha.

Adọ naval na ikuku edinam

On May 1, 1982 Falklands ebe kpamkpam erikpuo agha. British ụgbọelu rụrụ a wakporo Port Stanley na Argentina na nzaghachi zitere ugbo elu ọgụ British ụgbọ mmiri. N'echi bụ ihe omume a na aghọwo Argentina ndị kasị sie ike na dum agha. Na-ụgbọ mmiri miri dị na British ugbo agha nke onye iro, n'ihi na nke ọnwụ nke 323 ndị mmadụ. Nke a bụ ihe mere na Argentine nsoro laghachi azụ n'ikperé obodo ya. Greater òkè hostilities anabataghị.

Argentina hụrụ onwe ya n'ọnọdụ siri ike, na-enwe olileanya na ọ na-anọgide na na ụgbọelu. N'otu oge ahụ na British nsoro kwaturu ochie free-ada ada bombs, nke ọtụtụ mgbe na-adịghị ọbụna agbaji.

Kamakwa British n'akụkụ nwere weere na eju mba ahụ dum. May 4 mgbochi ship agha, napụtara France, kpamkpam na-ata ahịhịa otu n'ime ndị na-ebukọrọ nke United Kingdom. Nke a bụ ihe mere maka ya na-emikpu. Ma ndị dị otú akụ ụta n'oge ahụ, Argentina nwere nanị ise, bụ nke mere ka ngwa depletion nke ngwaahịa.

Obi nwayọọ tupu oké ifufe

Na agha Argentine itunanya mere ka izu abụọ nke ikwu udo. N'ezie, clashes aka iso, ma ha ole na ole. Ndị a gụnyere ndị Britain agha ọrụ ibibi 11 Argentine ụgbọelu na obere okwute Island. N'otu oge ahụ, na UN gbalịrị ime ka ndị ọzọ na-akwụsị ndị agha na kpakorita n'udo. Ma ọ dịghị onye chọrọ inye elu. Argentina, n'aka nke ya, kpebiri ime ihe n'obodo nke mba ndị ọzọ megide ya. Ọ machibidoro iji ofufe ụmụ amaala ha na mba na na nakweere antiargentinskie sanctions.

ala agha

England nọ na-akwadebe ha Marines ka adaa na isuo. Ọ mere na abalị site na 21 ruo 22 May. The ọdịda ada itie ke San Carlos n'ọnụ mmiri, ebe a na-atụ anya mgbe nile. Argentines eguzogide bụ adịghị ike, ma-ututu ọnọdụ agbanweela. Air Argentine agha wabara na ụgbọ mmiri ndị na-ịdabere na n'ọnụ mmiri.

Ka 25 otu n'ime ụgbọ elu gbara ala a British ụgbọ mmiri, nke na-ebupụ helicopters. A ụbọchị ole na ole mgbe e mesịrị ọ kpuo. Na ala nke British squad nweela a ike okwa n'àgwàetiti ahụ. Ka 28 ke ebe nke ógbè ọgazị nrnam Darwin okodomo agha nke Argentines, n'ihi na mgbe a nnọọ ike agha, ọ na-amanye agbahapụ.

June 12 na-arọ weere na British agha nwere na mbụ na-achịkwa ndị Argentines elu Tu-Nwaanyị, Ugwu Harriet na Moonies, Longdon. On 14 June na ndị ọzọ nile elu bu isiokwu agha nke England.

British agha nwekwara nọchibidoro anọchibido na Argentine obodo nke Stanley. Command ghọtara na-enyere ha aka na ọ dịghị onye ga-abịa, na June 14, ha we na-alụ na nyefere. Falkland Islands na-ọzọ ada azụ n'okpuru akara nke Great Britain. The ukara ụbọchị nke njedebe nke ndi-agha, na-ewere on 20 June. On a ụbọchị, British nwere South Sanwichi Islands.

Britain ruo oge ụfọdụ ekweghị ka 600 Argentines ná ndọrọ n'agha na mgbalị iji na-aghọgbu ha n'ala nna ha banye a ọzọ uru udo nkwekorita.

weere nke ọzọ

N'oge 74 ụbọchị agha ogu Argentina furu efu 649 ndị mmadụ, otu ugbo agha, a ụgbọ okpuru mmiri, a gunboat, anọ ụgbọ mmiri, a na azu trawler 22 agha ugbo elu, 11 alụso, banyere 100 ugbo elu na helicopters. N'agha 11 puku. Man e. Ke adianade do, resonance bụ na mgbe agha furu efu 3 ọzọ agha n'agha site Britain.

United Alaeze agha a furu efu 258 ndị mmadụ, abụọ frigates, abụọ nāpunara, otu akpa, otu ọdịda ụgbọ mmiri, a ọdịda craft, helikọpta bịa na nke 34 ugbo elu.

The ugbu a na ogbo nke ndị agha

Mgbe agha, mmanụ aṅụ na-ebu agha mba ma adịghị aka a iwu nkwekọrịta. Naanị na 90th afọ nke diplomatic e ọzọ. Na-adịbeghị anya, ọgụ nweela ọkụ ọzọ. Ihe kpatara nke a bụ nnweta nke a British ụlọ ọrụ a ikike maka mmanụ gburugburu Malvinas Islands. Argentina megide a ọnọdụ, n'ihi na wepụ mmanụ ga-abụ n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke ala.

Argentina zaghachiri ya bụ nwekwara iwu nke 16 February 2010, nke na-ekwu na igwu mmiri a anya nke 500 kilomita site n'ụsọ oké osimiri nke mba nwere ikike naanị ndị na ụgbọ mmiri na na natara ikike ime otú ahụ. Ma, nke ahụ emeghị ka ha kwụsị British, na mmanụ mmepụta n'elu ikpo okwu e arụnyere na February 21.

Na 2013, ọha ugboro ọzọ mmasị ntị ndị Malvinas Islands. The referendum, nke ga-ekpebi otu nke mba ahụ, a ga-enwe 10 na 11 March. Bi nwere ohere ịhọrọ onwe ha, ha ga-achọ itinye ọ bụla ala. Mgbe pụta nọ na-tallied, ọ hụrụ na ntuli aka bịa 91% nke ndị bi n'àgwàetiti. Na-apụghị ịgbagha agbagha n'ihi nke 99,8% Great Britain meriri, na-ahapụ na-enweghị ohere maka Argentina ahụ ji jụ.

N'ihi ya, na narị afọ gara aga, e nwere a nkenke agha n'elu Falkland ma ọ bụ Malvinas isuo. Shantarsky n'agwaetiti Osimiri Okhotsk, bụ yitụrụ a akipelago. Ọ bụ na-a obere mpempe ókèala ndị continental oke. Ma ọ bụrụ na mba abụọ na-ekpebi na-alụ ọgụ maka ya, ọtụtụ ndị ga-anwụ. History nke Falkland Islands (Malvinas) na-egosi na-enweta nkwanye agha ọzọ asian, nzube na ọma-zubere omume contender.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke gara aga agha mere m na-amaghị ndị dị otú ahụ dị ka nke a. Ọ bụ a pụrụ iche onu. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ nnọọ obere, na-emegide busoro a di ọku ibu agha, iji n'ihi nzube a niile ọhụrụ rụzuru nke teknuzu usoro. N'ihi na UK na ọ bụ onye na-agha na a oké anya. The isi nzube bụ ókèala, na ihe onwunwe na ọ nwere ike inye na mba na-eto eto.