National Park "Nechkinsky": nkọwa, atụmatụ, na-akpali eziokwu, fauna na anụ ọhịa

National Park "Nechkinsky" - bụ na nchekwa umu, gburugburu ebe obibi akwụkwọ na nnyocha alụmdi. On ya n'ókèala na-abụghị nanị eke, ma na-akụkọ ihe mere eme na omenala na saịtị nke Middle Kama mpaghara. Ha nwere a pụrụ iche aesthetic, ebe obibi na ntụrụndụ uru, na na n'ọtụtụ ebe, ji mee ihe maka usoro njem.

History nke Park

Irè ụzọ iji chebe ma chebe eke usoro bụ nzukọ nke n'ogige ntụrụndụ mba multifunctional ọrụ profaịlụ. Na 1995, Gọọmenti nke Udmurt Republic, e kpebiri na mkpa maka "Nechkinsky" ogige.

Ugbu a, ihe ọ bụla ọrụ na-aju na ókèala ya, nke nwere ike a na-adịghị mma mmetụta na fauna na osisi. Ke adianade do, nedpustimo ọ bụla na-ewu, gụnyere pipelines na okporo ụzọ.

National Park "Nechkinsky" Izhevsk nwere ndị na-esonụ ebumnobi:

1. Ichebe pụrụ iche eke ebe, nakwa dị ka fauna na osisi.
2. Ichebe akụkọ ihe mere eme ncheta na omenala nketa saịtị.
3. Environmental mmụta-eme.
4. Ịmepụta ezigbo ọnọdụ usoro njem na ntụrụndụ, nnabata ka akụkọ ihe mere eme na omenala nketa.
5. Okwu Mmalite nke ọhụrụ na nchekwa umu usoro.
6. Mweghachi nke mebiri emebi akụkọ ihe mere eme, omenala na eke saịtị.
7. Nchedo, nchekwaba na mmeputakwa nke ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi.
8. Environmental nlekota oru.

gburugburu ebe obibi ọrụ

Ugbu a, ndị National Park "Nechkinsky" (Russia) ke akwa netwọk nke uwa na nchekwa umu ebe nke Udmurtia bụ otu n'ime ezigbo anụ ọhịa mee. E nwere ihe pụrụ iche traktị nke floodplain ọhịa, ala opitoropi, ọdọ mmiri, osimiri ecosystems, ọhịa fauna, akpatụbeghị site mmadụ, omenala na akụkọ ihe mere eme ihe. Iji ọrụ nke ogige abụghị ihe dị mfe ọrụ bụghị naanị iji chebe ẹdude akụ na ụba, ma ya amụba, n'ihi na ókèala nwere banyere iri asaa percent nke umu mejupụtara nke osisi na ụmụ anụmanụ nile Udmurt Republic.

The obodo na ọnọdụ nke na-echebe ebe

National Park "Nechkinsky" emi odude ke bịara n'ikperé mmiri nke na-Votkinsk esite na n'etiti esịmde nke Kama. Ọ ga-kwuru na ókèala ndị ekpe na nri akụ dị nnọọ iche n'ebe onye ọ bụla ọzọ. Ekpe-akụ ala ọkọnọ floodplain mpụga na iju mmiri na mbara ọzara. Kama bụ - bụghị ihe ọ bụla ma a ndagwurugwu na obere osimiri, ndagwurugwu na gullies.

Kama tributary Sivá bụ isi osimiri nke Nature Reserve.

National Park "Nechkinsky" bụ n'ala na a ọnọdụ continental idụhe. N'ihi na ebe ndị a na-ji ogologo oyi na-ekpo ọkụ summers, nnọọ obere anya-oge. July bụ warmest ọnwa, n'oge a na nkezi okpomọkụ bụ iri na itoolu degrees. Na ebe a bụ coldest oge nke January, nkezi okpomọkụ bụ -15 degrees.

Flora

National Park "Nechkinsky" nwere a ọnọdụ boreal osisi ụdị, nke e ji dịgasị nnọọ iche iche. Ebe 745 ụdị vaskụla osisi a hụrụ, 82 nke ha - a obere umu, na anọ na-edepụtara dị ka nọ n'ihe ize ndụ. E nwekwara a pụrụ iche osisi, nke na-akpa n'oge nnyocha na-eto eto na na na-echebe ebe: omphalodes repens, amì butterbur, Lenets ubi.

The ogige a na-adịkwaghị spruce ọhịa. Pure spruce fir ọkọnọ Finnish na Siberia. Ha na-hụrụ na ókèala ezughi ezu. A, fir osisi ọkọnọ a fir-osisi, pine, birch, Linden. Yelniki mere ndokwa na gullies na na ndị ọzọ na isi tụrụ na na slobozalivaemyh nezalivaemyh bottomland ma ọ bụ akụkụ Kama.

Na ókèala nke na-echebe ebe aha 24 umu nke fern osisi, gymnosperms 6, 678 - angiosperms.

Park "Nechkinsky" emi odude ke nkwụsị nke atọ Ihu Igwe eke zones: ọhịa-steppe, apịtị na deciduous ọhịa.

Forest Park arrays

Pine ọhịa na-nnọọ iche iche na ya mejupụtara. Fir-belomoshniki pụtara ejedebeghị na ubi nke ibu. Ha na-emi odude ke edem usụk nke ókèala. The fern pine ọhịa izute hazel, maple na oak. Ma cowberry (pine) họọrọ ugwu. Ọtụtụ mgbe hụrụ ebe a pine amì ahịhịa na cowberry.

E nwere ọtụtụ ebe fir-enwe na park ala. Na ọgaranya Ona na-eto eto alder. Na deciduous na deciduous ọhịa adịkwaghị oak. Na Kama floodplain adịkwaghị willow-ogwu.

Na Nature Reserve i nwere ike izute nnọọ niile iche nke etiti: fens, ndị mepere na upland. Na pine ọhịa nke larịị na nke ukwuu mgbe e nwere sphagnum bogs.

Ọ dịghị obere ọgaranya ahịhịa na mmiri ogige. Ọ nwere Bole iri isii umu.

Fauna "Nechkinskogo 'Park

Animal World "Nechkinsky" National Park bụ nnọọ iche iche. Na obodo mmiri bi 38 umu nke azụ, nnù umu kpamkpam okụrede na njikọ na ụkpụrụ nke eruba nke Volga na Kama.

Votkinsk esite na-hụrụ sabrefish, roach, ruff, perch, agatụghị adị mma, na Volga onye mbusoagha, Pike, sprat, bream, burbot, bream, ide, perch. Mgbe ụfọdụ enwetaghị jidere azu kaapu, trout, azụ okpo, trout, na-acha ọcha-anya. Na mmiri a otutu azu kaapu, bream ma okpon akan n'ebe nile.

Ugbu a, azu na-ekwe na a ikike, ọ na-, ụkpụrụ, nwere ike nweta ihe ọ bụla nwa amaala. Ọkachamara kweere na ntụrụndụ azu ka enwetara oké njọ n'ike-n'ike na tụnyere ndị ụlọ ọrụ. The naanị ihe dị iche na - na umu mmasị. ulo oru catch bụ sabrefish ndabere, mgbe ndị hụrụ na-ahọrọ na perch, bream na Pike.

A dịgasị iche iche nke anụ ọhịa

Dị ka ukara data, na fauna nke mba park "Nechkinsky" na-anọchi anya 213 ụdị vertebrates (n'ala) ụmụ anụmanụ. Ndị ọkachamara na-atụ aro ọnụnọ nke atọ ọzọ ụdị, ma ọ dịghị ezi data. N'ime afọ iri gara aga na ọ okụrede kpamkpam muskrat. Ke ofụri ofụri, dị ka ndị ọkachamara, ndepụta nke ụmụ anụmanụ na mkpa nke oké njọ review na n'ihu ukpụhọde.

Dabere na akwụkwọ nke Udmurt University ọ ga-rụrụ ụka na 155 ụdị nnụnụ ibi ogige. Ebe ndị a na-ada n'okpuru nesting na saịtị. Naanị iri atọ na umu-ebi ebe a na-adịgide adịgide, ndị ọzọ - migratory.

The ogige a na-adịkwaghị nnụnụ, na-ahụkarị nke oké ọhịa na Wetland o tinyere n'oru ebe. The òkè nke steppe nnụnụ nnọọ ntakịrị.

The oké ọhịa na-ebi ndị na-esonụ ndị nnọchiteanya nke fauna: elk, lynx, aja aja bear, ebinta larịị, nkịtị shrew, osisi òké, na biva, nkịtị osa, weasel, marten, ọhịa boar, weasel, ewi, nkịta ọhịa, wolf, weasel, otter.

The ogige hụrụ karịa 2,000 invertebrates, ọtụtụ ebe a na ụmụ ahụhụ, nke a na-ejikọta ya na ọnụnọ nke floodplain na ala mmiri.

Natural ncheta "Nechkinsky" National Park

N'ime ogige e nwere asatọ ncheta nke okike, nke bụ ihe dị mkpa ntụrụndụ uru. A na-agụnye tract "Halevy" na "Nechkinskoe" isi iyi "Makarov" Siwa ọnụ nke osimiri, ọdọ oriri, peat bogs "Kemulskoe" na "Pure Kostovatovskoe".

Forest n'ugbo tinyere osimiri nwere nnukwu mmiri na nchekwa umu uru. All na ncheta nke ọdịdị dị mkpa ka ndị ọkà mmụta sayensị na izi-eme, nakwa dị ka nwere oké ntụrụndụ nwere. Ihe na-akpali bụ eziokwu bụ na dị iche iche nke ndụ ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi, na ọ na-na-emegharị ka ebe a. Ha na-etolite a pụrụ iche na-pụrụ iche obodo, nke ime ebe ọzọ.

na nkà mmụta sayensị ọrụ

Ọrụ nke ogige bụ ifịk na nkà mmụta sayensị na-arụ ọrụ mere na ndu direction. Ọnụnọ nke iri atọ mgbe ochie na saịtị na-achọ ha zuru ezu na-amụ na asambodo.

Tupu ọrụ nwere ndị na-esonụ aga-eme:

1. Nlezianya na-amụ ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi nile ogige.
2. Ebumnobi ntule nke bi "Red Book" na obere umu.
3. Arụ mkpa nnyocha na a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke asakde iso ese.

Scientific ọrụ "Nechkinsky" National Park dị mkpa. N'etiti ha, nke otu mmasị bụ ọdịdị nke Chronicle, nke a na-duziri ebe 2005. Ọrụ nke nkà mmụta sayensị na ngalaba nke na-echebe mpaghara mgbe nile na-ebipụta ha ọrụ, otu nke:

1. Nla fauna nke ogige.
2. Corydalis National Park.
3. Fauna carrion ébé.
4. The results nke nnyocha, longhorn ébé.

Na-arụ ọrụ a otutu, ha na-ekpuchi ụmụ anụmanụ na osisi nke ogige "Nechkinsky". Ke adianade do, mkpara na-nnọọ ifịk ifịk na-ekwenyere ndị a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke njem, nnyocha òtù, ngosi ihe mgbe ochie, na Mbipụta. Scientific Partnership enyere ndu research eme ihe na-agbasakwa na ihe na-arụ ọrụ bụghị nanị na warara gburugburu nke ọkachamara, ma na-n'etiti ọha na eze, si otú adọta ndị mmadụ, ịrara ha nsogbu nke okike.